10 anotyisa uye ane ngozi zvakanyanya madinosaurs munyika

Kudzidza ruzivo nezve dinosaurs, zvinova zvisina kugadzikana - idzi mhuka huru hadzisi ngano dzevanyori vengano dzesainzi, izvi zvisikwa chaizvo zvaivepo 201 miriyoni makore apfuura paNyika. Iyo superorder dinosaurs yakawanda, ine zvese zvidiki uye zvisingakuvadzi zvipenyu, uye mhuka chaidzo. Madhinaini anotyisa uye ane njodzi pasi rose vanhu vakuru uye vakasimba vakapakata nzwara dzakapinza nemeno.

10 irritator

Irritator inodya yaigara munharaunda yeBrazil yemazuva ano makore mamiriyoni 110 apfuura. Kureba kwemunhu kubva kumhino kusvika kumucheto wemuswe ndeye 7-8 m, kureba kwakareba 2,5 m, izvo zvisingatibvumire kurongedza mhando sehombe, asi hazvireve zvachose. yakanga isingakuvadzi. Maererano nedehenya reirritator, zvaigoneka kuziva kuti shaya dzakafanana nemakarwe. Izvi zvakamubvumira kuti atore nyore nyore hove kubva mumvura - chikamu chikuru chekudya, uye zvakare kubudirira kudya kune madiki herbivorous dinosaurs. A monster kubva panguva yeCretaceous yakafamba nekukurumidza pamakumbo maviri, dexterity uye agility yakabhadharwa zvizere nehukuru hwayo.

Zvinonakidza: rudzi rwe irritator - imwe yeavo inotaurwa mubhuku raArthur Conan Doyle "Nyika Yakarasika".

9. Velociraptor

Velociraptors muchitarisiko zvakaoma kuisa pakati pevamiririri vanotyisa zvikuru vemhuri ye dinosaur, nokuti vaiva vaduku zvikuru muhukuru - inenge 60 cm pakureba uye isingapfuuri mamita maviri pakureba kusvika kumucheto wemuswe wakareba. Nekudaro, hunhu hwavo uye maitiro avo haatomboenderana nekutanga kufungidzira - velociraptors vaive nehutsinye hwakanyanya uye nehukasha. Vainyanya kudyisa tumhuka tuduku, mavaibatsirwa nemanomano. Zvikara zvakasvetukira pamunhu wacho, zvakanamatira kumutsipa nemusoro nemakumbo adzo ekumashure ane nzara, uye kubvarura tsinga iyo yaikonzera maronda anofa.

Kanzwa hombe kakakombamira pamakumbo eshure kaibatsira muvhimi kuti acheke nepakati penyama yemuvengi akadonha pasina kuoma.

8. dilophosaurus

Iyo dzvinyu rinodya Dilophosaurus haingori imwe chete yemadinosaur ane njodzi, asiwo nyeredzi yefirimu rine mukurumbira Jurassic Park. Munhu wose aiiona ainyatsorangarira zvikara zvaityisa zvine muromo wakazara mazino akapinza uye makrist maviri akajeka mumisoro yawo. Kureba kwemuenzaniso mukuru, zvakasara izvo masayendisiti akakwanisa kuwana, mamita manomwe, uremu hunenge 7 kg. Vamiririri verudzi urwu, kunyange zvazvo vaifamba nemakumbo avo eshure, makumbo epamberi aivewo ane simba. Vakaashandisa kukuvadza maronda anofa. Chinhu chisina kujairika chezvipenyu ndiko kukwanisa kugwadama nekuzorora, kutora chimiro chakafanana neshiri dzemazuva ano.

7. megalosaurus

Iyo bipedal megalosaurus yakava dinosaur yekutanga ine zvisaririra zvakawanikwa nemunhu. Kusvika iye zvino, hazvisati zvave zvichiita kuti uone kuti yaitaridzika sei, sezvo pasina kana skeleton imwe yakakwana yakawanikwa. Pakureba, vamiririri vemarudzi vakasvika mamita 9, vaiva nemutsipa wakareba uye unofambisa, mberi kwenguva pfupi uye masimba emashure ane simba. Mazino eMegalosaurus anonyanya kutyisa - akareba uye akakura, ane matipi akachinjika mukati kuti abate mhuka. Chikara chinodya zviuru-kirogiramu chakakurumidza kufamba, izvo zvakamubvumira kuvhima zvinobudirira.

6. Carcharodontosaurus

Carcharodontosaurus chikara chaicho kunyangwe nezviyero zvemadinosaur. Vanhu verudzi urwu vaigara munharaunda yeAfrica yemazuva ano uye vakasvika hukuru hukuru - 16 m kureba uye anenge 4 pakureba, izvo zvinovaita imwe yezvikara zvikuru zvinokambaira. Dehenya rose harina kuwanikwa kusvikira nhasi, kune zvikamu zvakaparadzana chete, asi simba ravo rinonakidza - mamwe mazino anosvika 20 cm kureba. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti vakavhima hombe herbivorous titanosaurs, kureba kwakasvika 40 metres. Chokwadi ichi chinonyatsoratidza simba uye simba recarcharodontosaurus.

5. spinosaurus

Zita rokuti "Spinosaurus" rinoshandura kubva muchiLatin se "spiked lizard". Mazano pamusoro pekuonekwa kwe prehistoric monster akachinja kakawanda nekuda kwekushayikwa kwezvinhu. Kusvika iye zvino, zvinotendwa kuti mhuka yakafamba pamakumbo maviri, zvichida yakatungamirira mararamiro emvura uye yakanga ine trapezoidal chikepe pamusana wayo. Iyi imhando huru ye dinosaurs, vamiririri pakureba vakasvika mamita gumi nematanhatu uye vaiva nehukuru hwematani 2-16.

Sairi chaiyo chinhu chechimiro chemuzongoza - chakaumbwa nemaitiro makuru eiyo dorsal uye caudal vertebrae. Shaya dzeSpinosaurus dzakatetepa uye dzakareba, dzine mazino makuru akapinza. Makwara akashinga akaitawo basa rakakosha mukuvhima mhuka. Mamiriro akaita rushaya rwechikara ichi akanyatsojeka, saka masayendisiti anoti aivhima vanhu vaya chete vaaigona kumedza, kusanganisira dzomumvura.

4. Giganotosaurus

Giganotosaurus inotsanangurwa kubva kune skeleton yakawanikwa muna 1995 muArgentina yanhasi. Kureba kwemuviri - 12-13 metres, uremu hunenge matani 7-8. Iyi mhuka ndeimwe yeapopods mashanu makuru (yakakura ndeye Spinosaurus, Giganotosaurus iri panzvimbo yechipiri). Mhuka dzedhinasori dzinodya dhinasosi dzaive vanhu hombe dzinodya uswa, pakuivhima kwakagadzira kumhanya kwakaringana (kusvika makiromita makumi mashanu paawa) uye yaive nehurongwa hwakagadziridzwa hwema crests padehenya, iyo yakawedzera simba rayo muhondo. Mukuonekwa, maGiganotosaurs akafanana neanozivikanwa tyrannosaurs.

Chokwadi chinofadza: ndiyo giganotosaurus inomiririrwa sechikara chikuru mufirimu Rwendo kuenda kuCentral of the Earth.

3. Ceratosaurus

Mumiriri wenguva yeJurassic, Ceratosaurus imhuka inodya, ine mitezo ine simba reshure uye kureba kwemuviri we7-8 metres. Chinhu chinosiyanisa nyanga yekuyamura pamapfupa emhino uye maviri akasimba maprotrusion pamusoro pemeso. Pakati pemutsara wose wemusana, vamiririri vemarudzi vaiva neosteoderms - ossified protrusions. Mhuka dzakadaro dzaigara pedyo nemvura uye dzainyanya kuvhima mhuka dzomumvura, zvisinei, dzaisazvidza nyama yevanhu vepanyika.

Dehenya reCeratosaurus raive rakakura maererano nehukuru hwemuviri, uye kunyangwe risingakwanise kunzi ndiro rakasimba muchimiro. Shaya dzaive dzakasimba uye dzakazara mazino makuru akapinza. Chitarisiko chisingakanganwiki uye chinotyisa chakaita kuti dinosaur ive mukurumbira chaiwo - anowanzoonekwa mumafirimu emazuva ano nemabhuku.

2. carnotaurus

Carnotaurus ndechimwe chezvipenyu zvihombe zvishoma zvine chimiro uye chimiro chayo chaigona kugadzikwa zvakavimbika kubva kune rakazara skeleton. Iyo dzvinyu ine 8-mm muviri yakafamba pamakumbo eshure ane simba, uye mazamu ayo epamberi akaderedzwa kusvika pakakwirira - akaderedzwa kusvika kusiri-kushanda hukuru. Iyi haisi iyo dinosaur hombe, akange asina mazino makuru, asi izvi hazvimuite kuti asakuvara.

Kusiyana neizvi, nhamba huru yemazino maduku uye akapinza nyore nyore kucheka mhuka, uye dehenya risina simba rakange rakagadzira kinetics - majoini pakati pemapfupa aifambiswa, saka vanhu vaigona kumedza zvidimbu zvakakura zvenyama uye kunyange dzimwe mhuka dzakakwana. MaCarnotaurs akarwisa nekukurumidza uye nemazvo, nekuda kwekuti vaigona kudzora matunhu makuru.

1. Theresinosaurus

Theresinosaurs aigara munguva yeCretaceous, iyi imhando yakasiyana-siyana, kutaridzika kwayo kusingabviri kudzorera zvachose nekuda kwekushayikwa kwemafupa akazara. Zvinozivikanwa Chokwadi:

• uremu hunenge matani matanhatu;
• kureba 9-12 mamita;
• kureba kwemberi (2,5-3 mamita);
• mitezo yeshure ine nzwara 4 dzinotsigira;
• kuvapo pamakumbo ega ega ega ega 3 giant claws (inenge 1 mita pakureba imwe neimwe).

Hazvizivikanwe kune chokwadi chakadyiwa neTerezinosaurus, vesainzi vanochiisa semhuka yakawanda kwazvo. Asi chinangwa chezvikwambo zvinotyisa chinoramba chiri chakavanzika, imwe yefungidziro chombo mukurwa nevanhu vanodya nyama. Kugadziriswa kwakadaro pamakumbo marefu kwakapa zvakajeka therezinosaurs mukana wakakosha mukurwa. Vamiriri vezvipenyu vanosanganisirwa muGuinness Book of Records seanoshamisa dinosaurs.