Canine Genetics: Nutrigenomics uye Simba reEpigenetics

Bvunza chero muridzi wepooch isinganzwisisike kuti ndedzipi dzinza ravanofunga kuti shamwari yavo yepamoyo ine makumbo mana musanganiswa, uye vanozogovera fungidziro yavo nechido. Kutaura zvazviri, International Association of Animal Behavior Consultants (IAABC) ine webhusaiti apo vanoda imbwa vanogona kuedza ruzivo rwavo rwemhuka dzemhuka uye vanoedza maoko avo pakufungidzira kusanganiswa kwembwa. Pasinei nokuti unoda kuziva kwakabva mhuka yako yemhuka kana kuti unoda kuziva zvakawanda pamusoro pekuchengetedza chipfuyo chako chine utano, canine genetics ine mhinduro kumibvunzo yako.

Canine DNA research

Dai wanga uine mepu yemajini yembwa yako, chii chawaizokwanisa kudzidza kubva imbwa DNA? Sezvineiwo, sainzi yakaoma pakushanda kudzidza imbwa genetics uye kudzidza nzira nyowani dzekubatsira shamwari dzedu dzine mvere kuve dzakanyanya hutano.

Mazuvano, chiremba wemhuka anogona kuyedza zviri nyore DNA yembwa yako kuti aone kuti ndedzipi imbwa dzinoumba mhuri yake. Vanachiremba vazhinji mumakiriniki ezvemhuka havana sarudzo iyi. Vanotumira samples dzavo ku lab kuti vawane mhinduro. Kune zvakare kits dzekumba dzaunogona kushandisa uye bvunzo dzinozoongororwa nemajini murabhoritari. Masayendisiti anodzidza imbwa genetics nenzira imwe cheteyo yavanodzidza nayo DNA yemunhu: nekuisa sampuli yakatorwa kubva kune swab kuseri kwedama rembwa mumuchina unomepu kodhi kodhi uye unotarisa kune anozivisa mamaki. Zvichienderana nerabhoritari yekuongorora genetic wako anoshandisa veterinarian, iwe uchagamuchira mushumo pamusoro pemwana wako anogona kuve mubereki kana rumwe ruzivo rwekurapa.

Genetics uye hutano

Genetics inogona kutiudza zvakawanda nezve imbwa dzedu. Kufungidzira kuti imbwa yako chikamu cheGreyhound uye chikamu cheDoberman chinongova chidimbu chechando. Iyo genetic code inotipawo ruzivo rwakakosha nezve hunogona hunhu hunhu, maitiro echirwere chemajini, kukura kwembwa yako inogona kukura, uye kana iye achizodurura mune ramangwana.

Kunyange isu tichiziva kuti haisiriyo chete chinhu, DNA yembwa inogona zvakare kufanotaura kana imbwa ichaita mamwe matambudziko ehutano. Genetics inogona kuratidza kana imbwa ine genetic mutations inogona kutungamirira kuchirwere, uye ruzivo rwakadaro runogonesa varidzi vezvipfuyo kutora matanho ekudzivirira kuderedza njodzi dzinogona kuitika. Semuenzaniso, MDR1 ijeni rine mutation inoita kuti imbwa iwedzere kunzwa kune mamwe mishonga. Imbwa dzine MDR1 mutation dzinogona kuita zvakakomba zvakaipa. Zvinoenderana neYunivhesiti yeWashington Veterinary Clinical Pharmacology Laboratory, kuyedza imbwa yako yeMDR1 gene mutation kunogona kuvabatsira kudzivirira izvi zvakaipa.

Heredity uye pekugara

Nzira iri nyore yekunzwisisa DNA yembwa ndeyokufunga nezvayo sehwaro hwemuviri wembwa yako, kusarudza kwete chete muviri asi maitiro zvakare. Munhoroondo, vanhu vazhinji vaitenda kuti majini airaira ramangwana risingadzivisike - kana iwe uine genetic marker yechirwere, waiwana chirwere ichi. Asi iye zvino tinoziva kuti kana genotype ine chiratidzo, izvi hazvirevi kuti imbwa ichaita chirwere mune ramangwana.

Mune mamwe mazwi, DNA yembwa haitauri kuti ichaguma nei. Magazini inonzi Discover inotsanangura kuti chikonzero cheizvi mubatanidzwa wezvimwe zvinhu zvinonzi epigenetics zvinopesvedzera mufambiro uye maratidziro emajini (kubatika nokudzima) pasina kuchinja maumbirwo awo omuviri. Epigenetics inosanganisira zvese zvakagarwa nhaka zvinokanganisa kutaura uye zvakatipoteredza.

Simba re epigenetics

Masayendisiti iye zvino anonzwisisa kuti zvakatipoteredza zvakadai sekushushikana, utachiona, kudya uye kurovedza muviri zvakanyanya kukosha mukudzora gene expression pane zvaimbofungwa. Pamusoro pezvo, microbiota yemhuka yako, tupukanana tunogara mukati uye pamusoro payo, zvakakosha zvakanyanya kupfuura zvaimbofungwa uye zvino zvave kutanga kunzwisiswa. Muvanhu, zvinhu izvi zvingatokanganisa zvizvarwa zvinotevera. Imwe ongororo yeSweden muEuropean Journal of Human Genetics yakawana kuti vazukuru vevarume vaidya zvakapfuma muhuduku vaigona kuva nechirwere cheshuga nehosha yemwoyo nemhaka yokudyisa!

Sevanhu, mararamiro ega ega uye zvakatipoteredza zvinopindirana zvakananga neDNA yayo kuti igadzirise shanduko dzakanaka kana dzisina kunaka epigenetic. Kunyange kana mwana wako ane genotype yakakodzera, zvinhu zvinokanganisa epigenetics, zvakadai semararamiro ekugara kana kudya kusina kunaka, zvinogona kukanganisa nheyo yehutano hwake. Kusiyana neizvi, kuchengeta mwana wako ane hutano sezvinobvira kunogona kubatsira kuderedza dambudziko rekuita dambudziko iro rudzi rwake runofarirwa.

Nutrigenomics: chikafu + genetics

Ichi chirevo chekare ndezvechokwadi kwatiri uye kune zvipfuwo zvedu: iwe ndiwe zvaunodya. Nutrition mutyairi ane simba we epigenetic modification inobata DNA yembwa yako. Zvakasiyana-siyana zvinongedzo uye zvinovaka muviri zvine kugona kupesvedzera chiitiko kana kutaura kwejini, uye zvinogona kutochinja kuti chirwere chemajini chinozviratidza sei. Chidzidzo chemhedzisiro yehutano pane genome inozivikanwa se nutrigenomics. Sainzi yemazuva ano haigone kupa chiremba wezvipfuyo fomula yemashiripiti ehutano hwakanaka, asi uyu ndiwo muganho mutsva unonakidza mumushonga wekudzivirira wemhuka dzedu dzinovaraidza.

Iwe unogona sei kuita zvakanaka genetic hutano hwembwa? Ita nepaunogona napo kukurudzira epigenetic zvinhu zvakanaka: kuderedza kushushikana kwake, ita kuti aite maekisesaizi akawanda, uye mupe chikafu chine hutano. Kusarudza chikafu chine hutano, chekutsvaga-chakavakirwa chipfuyo chakawongororwa zvakanyanya uye chinoratidzwa kuti chinobatsira kubiology yemwana wako inhanho yekutanga. Iwe unogona kusakwanisa kushandura hurongwa hwake hwenhaka, asi ruzivo rushoma rwemajini runogona kukubatsira kuti uchengete imbwa yako inofara uye ine hutano.