Dalmatia

Dalmatian imhuka ine simba uye inofara. Nekuda kwechitarisiko chayo chakajeka, iwe haungazoendi usingaoneki panguva yekufamba mupaki nemapaki embwa.

Hunhu hweDalmatian

Nguva dzekutanga

• Idzi imhuka dzakakura uye dzinoshanda zvakanyanya, saka zviri nani kugara muimba yega ine mukana wemahara munzvimbo yakakomberedzwa.
• Dalmatians inoda kushamwaridzana kwekutanga uye kurerwa kwakakodzera.
• Pasina kushanda nesimba kwakakwana, vanochinja kuva imbwa dzinoparadza dzisingadzoreki.
• MaDalmatians haana kukodzera kugara-kudzimba uye mhuri dzine vana vadiki.
• Pasinei nejasi pfupi, vanodurura zvakanyanya uye vanoda kugara vachitarisirwa.
• Inenge 12% yevana vembwa vanozvarwa matsi.
• Maitiro emakwapa pamuviri akasiyana kune mumwe nemumwe.
• Imbwa chete dzine mavara matema kana ebrown pane chena kumashure anotenderwa kutora chikamu mukuratidzira, asi mamwe mavara esarudzo aripo.

The Dalmatian ndeimwe yemhando iyo "media" uye mukurumbira wechinguvana zvakakuvadza zvakanyanya pane zvakanaka. Imbwa dzine hunhu hwakaoma uye zvinodikanwa zvakakwirira zvemaekisesaizi ezuva nezuva haawirirane nechero fan yeDisney cartoon. Asi varidzi vane ruzivo uye vane mutoro vanozowana shamwari yakazvipira uye shamwari inoshamisa muzvisikwa zvine simba.

Nhoroondo yerudzi rweDalmatian

Kutaurwa kwembwa dzine mavara kunowanikwa mumagwaro enguva dzakasiyana-siyana uye anoti akasvika kwatiri, kutanga kubva mumipumburu yekare yenhokwe yeEgipita. Nekudaro, zvichibva patsanangudzo dzemazwi shoma, hazvigoneke kutonga zvine musoro kuti ndiani chaizvo aive tateguru wevaDalmatians vemazuva ano.

Humbowo hwekutanga kana hushoma hwakavimbika hwekuvapo kwerudzi hwakatanga kumazana emakore 16-17. Imbwa chena dzine mavara maduku maduku anoratidzwa mumabasa echitendero uye enyika anoramba aripo panguva idzodzo: mifananidzo yeatari muChechi yeSt. Mary (inozivikanwawo se "Gospe od anđela") muguta duku riri pachitsuwa cheLošinj. , fresco muFrancisca monastery muZaostrog, frescoes muchechi yeSanta Maria Novella muFlorence, mifananidzo yemhemberero neVenetian neTuscan artists, iyo inoratidzira vanokudzwa vane simba - somuenzaniso, Cosimo II de Medici. Sezvo huzhinji hwehuchapupu hwepakutanga hwakawanikwa munharaunda yezvakaitika kare yeDalmatia, iyo yava chikamu cheCroatia, kubva pano ndiyo tsika yekuwana midzi yebrid. Hongu, uye iko kujeka kwemazita kunotaura maererano neshanduro iyi, yakagamuchirwa zviri pamutemo neFCI.

Munzvimbo imwe cheteyo, pamhenderekedzo dzinodziya dzeGungwa reAdriatic, mamwe mabhuku e“dzidziso” akaona chiedza. Chechi yeRoman Catholic Archdiocese yeDjakovo-Osijek yakachengetedza mudura rayo nhoroondo dzaBhishopi Petar Bakic (1719) naAndreas Kecskeméta (1739), vose vanotaura nezvembwa dzechiCroatia dzinonzi Canis Dalmaticus. Muna 1771, muongorori wemuWelsh Thomas Pennant akanyora bhuku Synopsis of Quadrupeds, kwaakatanga kutumidza rudzi rweDalmatian. Muna 1790, nyanzvi yechirungu yenhoroondo yechisikigo Thomas Bewick akabatanidza maDalmatians muGeneral History of the Quadrupeds.

Kazhinji, zvinofanira kutaurwa kuti kwaiva muBritain kuti vatorwa kubva kuDalmatia vakawana mukurumbira chaiwo. Vatsvakurudzi vanoratidza kuti vamiririri vemamwe marudzi vakashandiswa pano kubereka, kunyanya, mavara madema uye white English terriers. Iyo yekupedzisira yakafa makore anopfuura zana apfuura, asi vaive neruoko mukusikwa kwemarudzi mazhinji emazuva ano: Boston Terrier, American Bulldog, Bull Terrier, American Staffordshire Terrier nevamwe. Nekuedza kwevapfuri veFoggy Albion, nehafu yechipiri yezana ramakore rechi 18, kutaridzika kunozivikanwa kweDalmatians kwakaumbwa nhasi.

Panguva imwecheteyo, "imbwa dzeItaly", sekudanwa kwadzo neBritish pakutanga, dzakaona kugona kunoshamisa kumhanya zvisingaite kune madaro akareba, kwete kuderera mukumhanya kune ngoro dzinodhonzwa nemabhiza. Imbwa dzinomhanya-mhanya dzakaitwa varindi ve "zvinhu zvinofambiswa" zvakakosha pakufamba kweguta uye nzendo refu - rudzi rwechiratidziro chemazuva ano maaramu emotokari. Mukuwedzera, mukati morwendo rwacho, vatyairi vane makumbo mana vaitevera mabhiza uye nokuruma zvishoma vakamanikidzira mhuka dzakaneta kana kuti dzine usimbe kuchengeta nhanho yakagadzwa nomutyairi. Kubva ipapo, kwemakumi emakore anoverengeka, tsananguro yeimbwa dzinotakura dzakabatanidzwa kwavari.

Kunyange zvazvo mabasa eDalmatians akanga asina kugumira pane izvi. Vairinda dzimba, vaibatsira vavhimi vemhuka duku nehombe, vaishanda se“varindi” vevakadzi vanoremekedzwa vachifamba vasina kambani yechirume. Munguva yeRegency nguva, mhuka dzinovaraidza dzakava chiratidzo chemuridzi wenzvimbo yepamusoro yemagariro.

Pane imwe nguva mhiri kwegungwa, imbwa dzisina kujairika dzakachinja mabasa uye panzvimbo yevakuru vakapfuma, dzaiperekedzwa nevanozvipira moto brigades, iyo, isati yatanga kuiswa kweinjini dzinopisa mukati, yaisagona kuita pasina "bhiza" chairo. Achioneka kure, “mabhero” machena akashanda senyevero kuvamwe vashandisi vemugwagwa pamusoro pokusvika kwevadzimi vomoto uye akabetsera kujekesa nzira isina kuipa kupfuura masairini nezviratidzo zvechiedza. Asi kunyange mushure mekunge zvingoro zvekudzima moto zvave zviratidziro zvemumuseum, vazhinji vaisada kusiya nemarara avo ekurarama. Nhasi, imbwa dzinoshamisa chiratidzo chinozivikanwa chevadzimi vemoto vekuUS.

Kana iri nhoroondo yezviratidziro, kekutanga, imbwa kubva kuDalmatia dzakaunzwa kune mutongo wenyanzvi uye neruzhinji muna 1860 muBirmingham. Makore makumi matatu gare gare, kirabhu yevapfuri yakaumbwa uye mureza wepamutemo wakagadzirwa. Akange azivikanwa neAmerican Kennel Club makore maviri apfuura. Iyo FCI yakanyoresa Dalmatian muna 1926.

MuMoscow, vamiririri vekutanga vehama dzakaonekwa vakaonekwa muna 1982, asi kubereka muUSSR kwakafambira mberi zvishoma nezvishoma nekuda kwekushayikwa kweropa idzva. Uye kudiwa kwembwa kwaive kudiki, nekuti vazhinji vanoda imbwa vaisamboziva nezvekuvapo kwerudzi. Makirabhu eMonobreed akaonekwa chete mukutanga kwema90s. Nhasi, hukuru hwemakennels uye varidzi veDalmatians vari muguta guru, St. Petersburg, Nizhny Novgorod, Yekaterinburg, Novosibirsk nemamwe maguta.

Vhidhiyo: Dalmatian

Kuonekwa kweDalmatian

Imbwa dzakasimba uye dzakasimba, dzinoyevedza dzepakati nepakati. Varume vanorema paavhareji 18-27 kg nehupamhi pakusvava kwe58-61 cm, vakadzi - 16-24 kg uye 56-58 cm, zvichiteerana.

musoro

Musoro weDalmatian wakaenzana nemuviri. Yakareba, yakati sandara, isina kunyanyopamhama pakati penzeve. Muzzle ine yakataura kumira, yakaenzana pakureba kana kupfupika zvishoma pane occiput. Musoro hapana mapete eganda.

nzeve

Yakakura zviri pakati nepakati, yakagadzikwa zvakanyanya pamusoro, yakatsikirirwa pairi kumativi. Triangular muchimiro chine matipi akatenderedzwa zvishoma. Muvara wacho unotoonekwa, unoenderana nekazhinji coloring.

Eyes

Meso eDalmatian ane hukuru huri pakati nepakati, ovha muchimiro. Ruvara runoenderana nemuvara: rima rakasvibira kune imbwa dzine mavara matema, amber yemavara matsvuku. Kutarisa kwakajeka uye kwakachenjera. Maziso anokwana zvakanaka kune mboni yeziso. Mipendero yavo ine pigmented (zvichienderana nemuvara - dema kana tsvuku).

Nose

Nzeve yakafara, yakazara pigment (yakasviba kana yebrown zvichienderana neruvara rwepasi), uye mhino dzakashama.

Miromo nemazino

Miromo pedyo neshaya. Shaya dzakasimba. Kuruma kwechigero, mazino ekumusoro akanyatsopindirana mazino ezasi.

Neck

Yakasimba, yakati rebei.

furemu

Muviri weDalmatian wakanyatsovakwa, mapendekete ane tsandanyama, ane chipfuva chakadzika uye arched mbabvu. Musana wakatwasuka uye wakasimba. Chiuno uye croup zvine tsandanyama, kutsetseka hakuna kukosha.

makumbo

Makumbo epamberi akatwasuka, magokora akatsikirirwa kumuviri. Makumbo ekumashure ane tsandanyama, mabvi akasimba uye akagadzirwa zvakanaka. Iyo paws inofanana neye katsi: compact uye yakatenderedzwa, zvigunwe zvine arched. Zvipikiri zvinogona kuva pigmented zvichienderana nehwaro ruvara.

Muswe

Muswe weDalmatian wakareba kwazvo, une mavara, wakatwasuka. Yakakora mujinga, ichitepa ichienda kumuromo.

Wool

Ipfupi, yakakora, yakatsetseka, inopenya, yakaoma.

ruvara

Pamusana pemachena machena, pane dema kana shava (yakanyatso rumwe ruvara!) Mavara ane akajeka contours, ayo anowanikwa symmetrically pamwe chete nemuviri, pamusoro, nzeve uye muswe.

Mufananidzo wemunhu mukuru weDalmatian

Dalmatian character

Dalmatians haina kukodzera kune varidzi vasina ruzivo uye vanhu vanoda kambani ye phlegmatic "sofa" imbwa. Zvinoshamisa kushanda nemasikirwo, pasina kurovedzera muviri kwakafanira, vanonangisa simba risingashandiswe kumadambe anoparadza, achikuvadza imba. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, mhuka inova isingadzoreki, haiteereri mirairo uye inofuratira zvachose zvirambidzo.

Dalmatian achitamba nemwana

Kukundikana kunzwisisa chikonzero chikuru chemaitiro akadaro kwakatungamirira kukugadzirwa kwemafungiro asina kururama pamusoro pehungwaru hushoma. Kana Dalmatian ikasapindura "Kwete!" uye “Kwandiri!”, izvi hazvirevi zvachose kuti ibenzi. Pfungwa yacho ndeyokuti muridzi akaita zvikanganiso zvakakomba panguva yedzidzo, haana kusimbisa simba rake uye anoenderera mberi neketani yezvikanganiso, asingagutsi zvido zvepanyama zvechipfuwo mukurovedza muviri.

Kudzidziswa kwakakodzera, kwakadzikama uye kudzikama kuvaka hukama nehumbwa, kushamwaridzana kwekutanga kunobatsira pakuumbwa kwehutano uye hwakasimba psyche. Imbwa dzakadaro dzinonyatsonzwa mafungiro emunhu uye dzinoenderana nazvo, dzinotevera mirairo nekunakidzwa, hadzitangi kurwa pakufamba, dzinodzorwa nevasingazivi, uye dzine ushamwari kune mhuka.

Dalmatians havabatanidzi kune mumwe "wake" munhu, vanoda zvakaenzana uye vanodzivirira nhengo dzese dzemhuri, vachivavarira kutora chikamu mune zvese zvinoitwa nevanhu. Vanogara zvakanaka nedzimwe mhuka dzinovaraidza, kunyanya kana vakakura navo. Iri mumajeni kuva nekukwezva kwenguva refu kune kambani yemabhiza, asi vanhu vashomanana nhasi vane danga, saka kambani yembwa kana katsi ichave yakakodzera.

Kune mhuri ine vana vadiki, kuuya kwesimba "plum pudding", sekudanwa kwechirungu imbwa idzi, inogona kuva dambudziko. Asi kwete nekuti nemasikirwo avo vane hasha uye vanokwanisa kukuvadza nemaune mudiki. Kune rimwe divi, maDalmatians, anokasira uye anopinza nemasikirwo, haayere simba ravo uye kazhinji anorovera pasi vacheche vasina kufanira munzira yavo. Kune rumwe rutivi, mhuka dzine matambudziko ekunzwa dzinozvidzivirira dzinopesana ne "kutyisidzirwa" pavanenge vasinganzwisisike vakaswededzwa kubva kumashure kana kuvhiringidzwa muhope dzavo, uye zvakaoma kuti zvimedu zvidzidze pakarepo zvinyengeri zvekubata nemunhu anokosha wemhuri.

Asi nevana vakura nevechiri kuyaruka, maDalmatians muzviitiko zvakawanda vanogarisana zvakanaka, vachinzwa mweya usingazorore.

Dzidzo uye kudzidziswa

Dalmatians ndeimwe yemhando iyo kudzidziswa kwakakodzera uye kushamwaridzana kwekutanga kwakakosha zvakanyanya. Kusununguka-kuda hunhu, simba risingadzoreki, hunhu hwemuvhimi pasina kutonga uye kuzvidzora nzira dzakaumbwa muhuduku dzinotungamira pakuonekwa kwemhuka yakakura isingadzoreki, inoparadza.

Kudzidza mirairo yakakosha uye kusangana nenyika yekunze hakugone kuvharwa. Kubva pamazuva ekutanga ekuonekwa kwembwa mumba mako, chirongwa chedzidzo chinofanira kutanga. Dalmatian duku inofanira kunzwisisa zvakajeka miganhu yezvinobvumirwa uye kuziva kuti kusateerera kuchava nemigumisiro. Zvechokwadi, hazvibvumirwi kuratidza utsinye uye kushandisa simba remuviri, asi inzwi rakasimba uye rakasimba romuridzi, umo kusagutsikana kunoratidzwa zvakajeka, chirango chakakwana pachacho.

Usakanganwa kuti kushanya kunzvimbo dzekufamba uye kutora chikamu mumakirasi eboka neanobata imbwa kunogona chete kutanga kana mwana wembwa agamuchira zviyero zvinodiwa zvemajekiseni anosungirwa uye nguva yakakwana yapfuura yekuumbwa kwekudzivirira kuzvirwere zvine njodzi kumhuka. Zvakanaka kubvunza chiremba wemhuka.

Imbwa dzakanyatsodzidziswa dzatove mumwedzi mitanhatu dzinoziva uye kuita zviri nyore mirairo inodarika gumi nembiri, kusanganisira ese ari maviri akajairwa uye "anyanzvi" senge mafiripi anoteedzana, "High shanu!" kana uta. Muzhinji, zvinofanirwa kutaurwa kuti vatambi vemasikisi vanoda kutarisa uye vakagadzirira kuita zvakawanda kuedza kuita kuti varidzi vavo vanyemwerere.

Kuchengetedza uye kugadzirisa

Sarudzo yakanakira kuchengeta Dalmatian ingave imba yakasarudzika yakasarudzika ine nzvimbo yakakomberedzwa yakachengeteka kwaanogona kufamba akasununguka mukati mezuva. Nekudaro, zvinofanirwa kuyeukwa kuti hazvigoneke kuti vamiriri verudzi urwu vagare vachigara mune aviary mumamiriro edu ekunze - bvudzi pfupi haridziviriri pakudziya kwakadzika.

Kana iwe uri muridzi weimba yeguta, kufamba kwenguva refu chinhu chinodiwa kuti uve nerunyararo. Uyezve, kwete chete nguva yakakosha (inenge awa pazuva), asiwo kuzara nemitoro. Zvakanakisa kana imbwa yako iri patambo kuti ikuperekedze pakumhanya kana kuchovha bhasikoro - kufamba nekumhanya kunopisa simba rakakwana kuti usave neshungu paunodzoka. Imwe nzira inogona kunge iri maekisesaizi pane yakashongedzerwa chipingamupinyi kosi, kungoyera nemazvo mamiriro emuviri wembwa uye kureba kwezvipingamupinyi.

Dalmatians haidi kutarisirwa kwakaoma uye kunonetesa. "Nguo yavo yemvere" haidonhe uye haidi kugerwa kana kugezwa kazhinji, zvisinei, kunyungudika kunoitika zvakanyanya uye kunoramba kuripo, uye kunowedzera kusimba pamuganhu wemwaka unodziya uye unotonhora. Kuti uderedze chifukidziro chemvere dzemakwai mumba, zvinokurudzirwa kupeta chipfuwo kakawanda sezvinobvira (kanenge 2-3 pavhiki) nebhurashi kana yakakosha mitten.

Zvikasadaro, maitiro akajairwa akakwana: tarisa mamiriro enzeve nemeso, kureba kwemazino, gara uchikwesha mazino ako neveterinary paste. Zvokudya zvinovaka muviri zvinofanira kuva zvine mwero uye zvine utano. Nzira iri nyore yekuita izvi nerubatsiro rwe premium uye super-premium yakagadzirira-yakagadzirwa mafeed. Yeuka kuti kudyisa pamwe chete nekuderera kwekuita muviri kuzere nekufutisa.

Utano uye chirwere cheDalmatian

Avhareji yehupenyu hwehupenyu hweDalmatians ndeye 10-13 makore.

Dambudziko guru rerudzi urwu nderekusanzwa. Matambudziko ekunzwa ekuomarara kwakasiyana anoitika munenge chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chembwa. 12% yeDalmatians vanozvarwa matsi zvachose. Mhinduro inoshanda haisati yawanikwa. Kunyange zvazvo mhuka dzine hutano chete dzinobvumirwa kurerwa, dzinewo vana vanorwara. Iwo ekupedzisira, zvisinei, anorarama hupenyu hwakazara semhuka dzinovaraidza. Kukanganisa uku kunogona kuonekwa mumavhiki ekutanga nekubatsirwa nemiedzo yemazuva ano.

Nekuda kwechimiro chemetabolism yeDalmatians, matombo edundira akajairika. Ivo zvakare vanowanzoita ganda allergies uye hip dysplasia. Pfari, autoimmune chiropa zvirwere, osteochondrosis of the shoulder joint, osteomyelitis, dilated cardiomyopathy, hypothyroidism, kuoma nhengo dzomuviri uye zvimwe nonspecific zvirwere zvakanyorwa zvishoma kakawanda.

Sezvo zvirwere zvakawanda zviri zvenhaka kana kuberekwa mumasikirwo, chitarisiko chavo chinogona kufanotaurwa zvichienderana nedzinza. Vafudzi vane mutoro vanogara vachipa ruzivo rwakakwana pamusoro pehutano hwevabereki, pamwe chete ne "sekuru" uye "nasekuru".

Nzira yekusarudza puppy

Chinokosha pakuwana kunobudirira isarudzo yakadzikama uye yakanyatsofungwa yomufudzi. Chete makateti ane mukurumbira wakasarudzika anogona kuvimbisa kuti nhengo itsva yemhuri yako ichange yakagadzikana mumuviri uye mupfungwa. Sezvo vana veDalmatian vapiwa kuvaridzi venguva dzose vasati vasvika pamavhiki e10-12, vane nguva yekuongororwa kwechiremba uye kuratidza zvavanoda.

Mufudzi akanaka achakubvunza mibvunzo shoma kupfuura yaunomubvunza, nokuti kwaari mwana wose ane makumbo mana haasi chinhu chinorarama, asi munhu, saka zvakakosha kunzwisisa kuti ndeupi mhuri yaachagara, mumamiriro ezvinhu api.

Uye iwe, zvakare, une kodzero yakazara yekuziva vabereki uye kudzidza magwaro avo, maonero echiremba wemhuka nezvehutano hwembwa uye mhedzisiro yeBAER bvunzo (Brainstem Auditory Evoked Response) - bvunzo yekunzwa ye electrodiagnostic.

Zvakakosha kuona mamiriro ayo amai nevana vanochengetwa, dzidza nezvekudya uye iwe pachako kutaurirana nembwa yaunoda kuitira kuti uongorore kukwanisa kwake kuonana nemunhu uye kupindura zvakakwana kune kunze kwenyika.

Mufananidzo weDalmatian puppies

Imarii iyo dalmatian puppy inodhura

Pamawebhusaiti ezviziviso zvepachivande zvechidiki Dalmatian "isina magwaro" vanobvunza kubva ku100 kusvika ku200 $. Asi iwe unofanirwa kunzwisisa kuti munyaya iyi hazvibviri kuziva kana vabereki vose vaiva vamiririri verudzi rwaunofarira. Uye zvinonyanya kukosha, hapana vimbiso yokuti nekufamba kwenguva mhuka haizoratidzi mamwe zvirwere zvinouraya. kana kukanganisa zvakanyanya kunaka kwayo.

Mutengo weDalmatians mumakennels unosiyana munzvimbo dzakasiyana uye unochinja zvakanyanya zvichibva pakuti ikirasi ipi imbwa. Zvichienderana nehunhu hwemunhu uye kutevedzera mwero werudzi, vana vembwa kubva kumarara akafanana neFCI magwaro uye mapasipoti ezvemhuka anodhura kubva ku600 kusvika 900 $. Uye pano zviri kwauri kuti usarudze kana kutora chikamu mukuratidzira kwakarongwa netarisiro yekukunda kwepamusoro-soro, kana zvakakwana kuti shamwari yakazvipira uye ine hutsinye inooneka mumba mako.