Decipher genetic code yekatsi yako yepurr-fect hutano

Katsi genetic code ipurani yakadzama inosarudza zvese kubva kuruvara rwebhachi kusvika kune hunhu uye huwandu hwezvigunwe pamakumbo. Majini echipfuyo chako ndosaka kitsi dzeSiamese dzichinyanya kutaura, maRagdoll ane rudo, Sphynx katsi ane mhanza, uye maPersia ane zviso zvakati sandara. Kunyange zvazvo zvirwere zvakawanda zviri multifactorial (kureva kuti, zvinoitika nokuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana, zvinogona kuva genetic kana kunze), vatsvakurudzi vakasarudza kushandisa genetic chromosome sequencing kuti katsi dzine genetic mutations inoratidza kukura kwezvimwe zvirwere. Mamwe emamiriro ezvinhu aya anogona kunge ari chaiwo kune rumwe rudzi.

Genetic mutations

Kufanana nevanhu, katsi dzinogona kuve nekuchinja mune yavo genome iyo miscode kutevedzana uye inofanobata kuti iite zvimwe zvirwere. Chaizvoizvo, izvi zvinoreva kuti DNA inosarudza kuumbwa kwemhuka inogona kuvhiringidzwa pane imwe nguva mukukura, ichisiya katsi iri nyore kuita zvirwere. Shanduko iyi mukugadzirwa kwemajini kwakafanana nebug mukodhi. Zvimwe zvirwere - chirwere chepolycystic itsvo muPersia uye hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (chirwere chemoyo) muMaine Coons neRagdolls - inozivikanwa kuva neine genetic component, inonyora International Cat Care. Mamwe matambudziko ehutano, akadai seasthma kana strabismus mumakatsi eSiamese, anonyanya kuwanikwa mune imwe dzinza, asi gene rakajairika kwavari harisati razivikanwa.

Ngozi dzemhuka dzakachena

Kunyange zvazvo katsi chero ipi zvayo inogona kugadzira genetic mutation inokonzera chirwere, zvirwere zvemajini zvinowanzove zvakajairika mumhuka dzakachena. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti vapfuri vanosarudza vanhu vanoberekesa kune humwe hunhu, izvo zvinogona kuwedzera njodzi yematambudziko enhaka. Vanogonawo kubereka katsi dzine hukama hwepedyo maererano nehukama (inbreeding). Mune zvimwe zviitiko, zvakadai seMunchkins (short-legged dwarf cats) kana brachycephalic (short-nosed) marudzi akadai sePersia, rudzi rwacho runogona kuva nemafungiro anokanganisa hupenyu hwekati. Varidzi vezvipfuyo uye avo vari kungofunga nezvekuwana chipfuyo vanofanirwa kuziva nezvenyaya dzekushambidzika dzakanangana kune mamwe marudzi.

Semuenzaniso, Munchkins akanaka kwazvo (tarisa pavari!), Asi zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti dwarfism ndeyechokwadi genetic mutation inogona kukonzera matambudziko ehutano mumhuka. Katsi madiki anowanzo kuve nematambudziko emajoini uye musana wakakombama, izvo zvinowedzera njodzi yeherniated disc. Mukuwedzera, makate aya anogona kudhura zvikuru (mamwe kittens anodhura kupfuura 70 rubles), uye vatenzi vasingafungi vemhuka dzemhuka vanowanzosaziva kuti ndezvipi zvidhori zvezvipfuyo zvakavamirira.

Furry pedigrees

Waiziva here kuti DNA yekatsi nevanhu inopfuura 90 muzana yakafanana? Sekureva kweStanford University's Tech Museum yeInnovation, kana ukaisa mumutsara mavara zana eiyo genetic code, gumi chete ndiwo anosiyana pakati pako nekatsi yako. DNA yedu inogoverawo 98 muzana nemachimpanzi uye 80 muzana nemhou (uye inopfuura 60 muzana nemabhanana, maererano neNational Human Genome Research Institute, saka zvichida hatifaniri kunyanya kufara).

Sei uchienzanisa cat genetics zvachose? Kuongorora uye kuenzanisa mhuka genetics inzira inoshanda yekudzidza zvirwere zvinotapukira zvakadai sefeline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) uye munhu (HIV). Kudzidza katsi genetics hakungotibatsiri kutarisira zvirinani shamwari dzedu dzemhuka, kunotibatsirawo kuti tinzwisise zvedu genetic kusagadzikana uye kugadzira nzira nyowani dzekutarisana nekurapa zvirwere zvine chikamu chemajini.

Mazuva ano, unogona kuyedza majini ekatsi yako nemuenzaniso wakapfava wekuunganidza kukiriniki yemunharaunda yako yemhuka. Chiremba wezvipfuyo achatumira sampu kurabhoritari kuti iongororwe, uye munofanira kukwanisa kuwana mhinduro mukati memavhiki mashoma. Kuongorora kweDNA kunogona kuratidza ruzivo rwakadai senjodzi yechirwere, kazhinji madzitateguru, uye kunyange kufanana kwemhuka yako kune dzimwe mhuka dzesango.

Kunzwisisa feline genetics kunogona kukubatsira kuchengetedza kudzivirira zvirwere uye kuchengetedza hupenyu hwakanakisa hwechipfuwo chako. Mukuita izvi, unogona kuwana ruzivo nezve madzitateguru echipfuwo chako uye kuona kana iine hurema hwemajini hunotungamira kuzvirwere zvenhaka.

Zvakakosha kuziva kuti kunyange kana kati yako ine genetic mutation iyo inogadzirisa chirwere, hazvirevi kuti icharwara. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti mazhinji ezvirwere izvi ane multifactorial kana polygenic uye angangoda akawanda majini kana chaiwo mamiriro kuti akure. Veterinarian wako achakwanisa kukupa zano pamashandisiro aungaita katsi yako genetic test results. Kuongororwa kweGenetic kuchakubatsira kuti unzwisise chipfuwo chako mukati uye nekupa mamiriro akanakisa uye nehanya kuitira kuti mugone kurarama hupenyu hurefu uye hune hutano pamwechete.

Wanga uchiziva here kuti genetic research inokubatsirawo kusarudza chikafu chakakodzera katsi yako? Muchokwadi, nyanzvi dzepaHill's Pet Nutrition dzakadudzira feline genome kumashure muna 2008 ndokuendesa mhinduro kuMorris Animal Foundation kuti iwedzere tsvakiridzo. Isu tinoshandisa tsvagiridzo iyi kugadzira chikafu chekitsi chinotarisa zvisikwa zvemhuka kuti ive nehupenyu hunofadza uye hune hutano.

Kuchengetedza Kuchengetedza

Kana uri kuronga kuberekesa katsi, kuziva dzinza rekuberekwa kwemajini uye kuongorora mhuka dzekuberekesa zvirwere zvemajini kuchakubatsira kuti usapfuudza chero kuchinja kwemajini kumwana wako. Izvi zvave zvakadaro, semuenzaniso, ne polycystic itsvo chirwere (PKD) mumakatsi akatarisana-akatarisana. PBP inokonzera kuti cysts aumbe muitsvo dzekatsi dzakakanganisika, zvichiita kuti itsvo dzipere nguva isati yakwana. PKD iri nyore autosomal dominant genetic disorder, zvinoreva kuti inopfuudzwa kuvana kunyangwe mubereki mumwe chete ane shanduko. Kuongororwa kweropa kwakapfava kwakagadzirwa kuti ione ichi genetic mutation, uye kuwanda kwePKD kwakaderedzwa zvakanyanya nekuyedza katsi kusarudzwa kwekubatana.

Kana iwe uri muridzi wemhuka, tinokurudzira kuti utumire kana kusabvisa chipfuyo chako kudzivirira chirongwa chekuberekesa kumba. Panzvimbo pekuwana kitten yakachena, unogona kutora katsi kana katsi yakakura kubva munzvimbo yekugara yemhuka. Vanogona kunge vaine majini akasiyana, asi iwe zvechokwadi uchakwanisa kuwana imwe ichave yakakunakira shamwari yako.

Kana uchida kuyedza majini ekatsi yako, unogona kubata makambani anoita bvunzo dzemajini anogona kukubatsira kuona rudzi rwemadzitateguru ekati yako uye kuwana zano rekuchengetedza hutano uye hutano.

Kuziva genetic make-up yemhuka yako inonakidza, asi zvakakoshawo kuvabata sevanhu vane zvido uye hunhu izvo iwe nachiremba wako wemhuka munoziva zvakanyanya. Nekupa kudya kwakanaka uye nharaunda ine hutano, pamwe nekufunga nezve genetics, unogona kuita zvakanaka hutano uye hutano hwekati yako.