Dominance theory inoshanda mumbwa here?

Dominance theory ("Pack theory") yakazvarwa muzana remakore rechi20. Mumwe wevatangi vayo aive David Meach, musayendisiti uye nyanzvi pamaitiro emhumhi. Muma70s, akadzidza hutongi hwemapere uye akaona kuti murume ane hasha uye akasimba anova mutungamiriri wepakiti, uye vamwe vese vanomuteerera. Meech akadaidza murume akadaro kuti "alpha wolf". 

Zvinonzwika zvine musoro. Vanhu vazhinji vanongofungidzira hukama huri pakati pemapere. Asi zvino zvinofadza zvikuru zvakatanga. Iyo "Pack Theory" yakashoropodzwa, uye munguva pfupi David Meech pachake akaramba pfungwa dzake.

Dzidziso yeFlock yakazvarwa sei? Kwenguva yakareba, Mitch akatarisa hukama hwemhumhi mupakiti. Asi musayendisiti akapotsa chokwadi chimwe chakakosha: paki yaaiona yakachengetwa muusungwa.

Kumwe kucherechedzwa kwakaratidza kuti munzvimbo yechisikigo, hukama pakati pemhumhi hunovakwa maererano nemamiriro akasiyana zvachose. Mapere "makuru" anotonga "vadiki", asi hukama uhwu hunovakwa kwete pakutya, asi neruremekedzo. Kukura, makudo anosiya mubereki achirongedza oita ega. Vanodzidzisa pwere nzira dzokurarama nadzo, dzinovadzivirira panjodzi, dzinogadza mitemo yavo vamene - uye vana vanoteerera vabereki vavo nemhaka yokuti vanovaremekedza uye vanoshandisa ruzivo rwavo. Mushure mekukura uye kugona izvo zvekutanga zvehupenyu, mapere madiki anoonekana nevabereki vawo ndokuenda kugadzira mapaketi matsva. Zvose izvi zvakafanana nekuvaka hukama mumhuri yevanhu.

Rangarira makudo akaonekwa nenyanzvi ari muhusungwa. Pakanga pasina hukama hwemhuri pakati pavo. Aya aive mapere akabatwa panguva dzakasiyana, munzvimbo dzakasiyana, hapana chaaiziva pamusoro peumwe neumwe. Mhuka dzose idzi dzakaiswa munzvimbo inochengeterwa ndege, uye migariro yokuchengetwa kwadzo yakanga isina kunyanya kusiyana neiyo yaiva mumusasa wevasungwa. Zvine musoro kuti mapere akatanga kuratidza hasha uye kurwira hutungamiriri, nekuti vakanga vasiri mhuri, asi vasungwa.

Nekuwana ruzivo rutsva, Mitch akasiya izwi rokuti "Alpha wolf" ndokutanga kushandisa tsanangudzo "mhumhi - amai" uye "mhumhi - baba". Saka David Meach akarasa dzidziso yake.

Kunyangwe tikafungidzira kwechinguvana kuti Pack Theory yaizoshanda, isu taizove tisina chikonzero chekuchinja maitiro ekuvaka hukama mupakiti yemapere kuenda kumhuka dzinovaraidza.

Chekutanga, imbwa imbwa dzakachengetwa dzakatosiyana nemhumhi. Saka, genetically, imbwa dzinowanzovimba nevanhu, asi mapere haadaro. Ongororo dzakawanda dzakaratidza kuti imbwa dzinoshandisa “cues” dzevanhu kuti dzipedze basa, ukuwo mapere achiita ari ega uye asingavimbe nevanhu.

Vesainzi vakacherekedza hutungamiri huri mumapaki embwa dzinenge dzarasika. Zvakazoitika kuti mutungamiri wepakiti haasi iye ane hutsinye, asi ane ruzivo rwechipfuwo. Sezvineiwo, mune imwechete paki, vatungamiriri vanowanzo chinja. Zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu, imwe kana imwe imbwa inotora basa remutungamiri. Zvinoita sekuti paki inosarudza mutungamiri ane ruzivo mune imwe mamiriro ezvinhu anozotungamira kune yakanakisa mhedzisiro kune wese munhu.

Asi kunyange dai takanga tisingazivi zvose izvi, munhu akanga asingakwanisi kutonga imbwa. Sei? Nokuti chete vamiririri vemarudzi akafanana vanogona kutonga mumwe nomumwe. Muridzi haakwanisi kudzora imbwa yake nekuti ndeyerumwe rudzi. Asi nokuda kwechimwe chikonzero, kunyange nyanzvi dzinokanganwa nezvazvo uye dzinoshandisa izwi racho zvisizvo.

Chokwadi, chimiro chemunhu chinofanira kunge chakakwirira kudarika chimiro chembwa. Asi sei kuuya kune izvi?

Dzidziso yekutadza kutonga yakakonzera kuwanda kwenzira dzekudzidzisa dzinobva pakuzviisa pasi uye kushandiswa kwechisimba. “Usarega imbwa ichipinda nepamusuwo uri pamberi pako”, “Imbwa irege kudya usati wazvidya iwe pachako”, “Usarega imbwa ikuhwina chimwe chinhu kubva kwauri”, “Kana imbwa ikasazvidya. teerera, uise pamafudzi (iyo inonzi "alpha coup") - zvose izvi zvinonzwika zvedzidziso yekutonga. Paunenge uchivaka "hukama" hwakadaro, muridzi wacho anofanira kuzvidzora nguva dzose, ave akaoma, asingaratidzi unyoro kune imbwa, kuitira kuti arege kukanganisa "kutonga" kwake. Uye chii chakaitika kumbwa!

Asi kunyangwe Mitch pachake paakaramba dzidziso yake uye mitsva mitsva yakawanikwa kubva muzvidzidzo zvemapere nembwa, dzidziso yekutonga yakatsveyamiswa ikaramba iri mhenyu. Zvinotoshamisa ndezvokuti kunyange iye zvino mamwe ma<em>cynologist anoomerera pazviri zvisina musoro. Naizvozvo, kana uchipa imbwa yekudzidziswa kana kukumbira rubatsiro mudzidzo, iwe unofanirwa kutanga wajekesa nenzira iyo nyanzvi inoshanda nayo.

Brute force mukudzidzisa imbwa yakashata chimiro. Kukonzera marwadzo emhuka uye kutyisidzirwa hakuna kumbotungamirira kumigumisiro yakanaka. Nekurerwa kwakadaro, imbwa hairemekedzi muridzi, asi inomutya. Kutya, hongu, kunzwa kwakasimba, asi hakuzoiti kuti chipfuwo chifare uye chichakuvadza zvikuru chimiro chake chepfungwa.

Mudzidzo uye kudzidziswa, zvinonyanya kushanda kushandisa kusimbisa kwakanaka: kushanda nezvido zvembwa, kumukurudzira kutevera mirairo nekurumbidza uye kubata. Uye zvakare kupa ruzivo nenzira yekutamba kuitira kuti vese vatori vechikamu muhurongwa vanakirwe.

Mhedzisiro yekudzidziswa kwakadaro haisi kungoitwa kwemirairo, asiwo ushamwari hwakasimba hwekuvimba pakati pemuridzi nemhuka. Uye izvi zvakakosha kupfuura "kutonga" imbwa yako.