Imbwa inorangarira sei munhu?

Zvakaoma zvikuru kumunhu ane mhuka inovaraidza kuti afungidzire upenyu hwake pasina iyi inoshamisa shamwari ine makumbo mana. Asi ndangariro yadzo inorongwa sei uye imbwa dzinorangarira vaichimbova vadzo here?

Zvechokwadi, masayendisiti achiri kufanira kuita tsvakurudzo yakawanda mune iyi nzira, asi nhasi kune kare mamwe data pamusoro pekuyeuka kwembwa.

Imbwa dzinorangarira kwenguva yakareba sei

Kuti imbwa dzine zviyeuchidzo kubva kare zvakatoratidzwa. Zvisinei, vatsvakurudzi havasati vadzidza zvose, somuenzaniso, kuti mhuka dzinovaraidza dzinoyeuka sei zvimwe zvinhu.

“Kune ngano dzakawanda pamusoro peyeuko yembwa, asi kunzvera kushomanene zvikuru kwave kuchiitwa,” Adam Miklosi, mukuru wedhipatimendi reEthology paEötvös Lorand University muHungary, anodaro muchinyorwa cheDog Fancy.

Sezvineiwo, tsvakiridzo yecanine memory iri kuenderera mberi, kusanganisira paDuke Canine Cognitive Research Center paDuke University, ichitsvaga mhinduro kumibvunzo inotevera: Ndeapi mazano enjere anoshandiswa nembwa kunzwisisa kana kurangarira zviitiko? Imbwa dzose dzinonzwisisa uye dzinorangarira zviitiko zvakafanana here? Pane misiyano yehurongwa pakati pezvipfuyo here? Mhinduro kumubvunzo upi noupi weiyi mibvunzo inogona kutungamirira kuzviwanwa zvinoshamisa.

Mhando dzendangariro mumbwa

Nekuda kwekushaikwa kweruzivo rwekuti uropi hwembwa "hunorangarira" sei chaizvo zviitiko, paunenge uchiedza kupindura mubvunzo wekuti "Imbwa inorangarira muridzi?" Mubvunzo wakanaka wekutevera ungave: "Ungaziva sei?" 

Imbwa imhuka dzekuyedza dzakanakisa, izvo zvinobvumira nyanzvi kuti dziwedzere ruzivo zvichienderana nemaitiro avo.

Imbwa dzinozivikanwa kuve dzakangwara zvakanyanya, asi hapana tsvakiridzo yakakwana yati yaitwa kuongorora mutsauko mukurangarira kugona pakati pemhando. Kazhinji, imbwa dzinoratidza marudzi akasiyana-siyana ekugona kuziva, kusanganisira zvinotevera:

ndangariro

Mhuka dzinovaraidza dzine ndangariro dzenguva pfupi zvikuru. "Imbwa dzinokanganwa chiitiko mukati memaminitsi maviri," maererano neNational Geographic, ichitaura nezvekuongorora kwakaitwa muna 2014 pamhuka kubva kumakonzo kusvika kunyuchi. Dzimwe mhuka, dzakadai sema dolphin, dzine ndangariro dzenguva refu. Asi imbwa dzinoita sedzisina ndangariro dzinogara kwenguva refu kupfuura maminitsi maviri iwayo.

Associative uye episodic memory

Pasinei nekushayikwa kwekuyeuka simba, imbwa dzakasimba mune mamwe marudzi ekuyeuka, kusanganisira associative uye episodic.

Associative memory inzira yehuropi yekuita hukama pakati pezviitiko zviviri kana zvinhu. Semuenzaniso, zvinogona kunetsa kuisa katsi mutakuri nekuti anoibatanidza nekushanyira chiremba wemhuka. Uye imbwa inoona leash uye inoziva kuti inguva yekufamba.

Episodic memory ndiyo ndangariro yechimwe chinhu chakaitika kwauri iwe pachako uye inobatanidzwa nekuzviziva.

Kusvika nguva pfupi yadarika, zvaifungidzirwa kuti vanhu chete nedzimwe mhuka vaive nendangariro dzenguva pfupi. Anecdotal humbowo hwakaratidza kuti imbwa dzine hunyanzvi uhu, asi chidzidzo chinokatyamadza chakaitwa neCurrent Biology chakapa "humbowo hwekurangarira episodic mumbwa." Chikwata chemasayendisiti chakadzidzisa imbwa kuti dzirege kupindura mirairo yakaita se "pasi" asi "kuita izvi."

Zvinoenderana nedzimwe dhata, kudzidziswa kwembwa kwekuvandudzwa kwehunyanzvi hwekuziva kwave pedyo. Nyanzvi yepfungwa nemunyori ane mukurumbira Dr. Stanley Coren akanyorera Psychology Nhasi kuti akambobvunzurudza mumwe murume uyo, akarasikirwa nendangariro kwenguva pfupi nekuda kwekukuvara kwehuropi hunotyisa muhudiki, akavimba nembwa yekubatsira kuti imubatsire ” ndangariro itsva dze episodic. Somuenzaniso, mhuka inovaraidza yakamuudza kwaakapaka motokari yake.

Imbwa inorangarira kwenguva yakareba sei muridzi wekare?

Zvakawanikwa zvinotsigira fungidziro yekuti mhuka dzinogona kurangarira varidzi vadzo vekare, asi kuti vanonyatsovarangarira sei hazvisati zvazivikanwa. Semuenzaniso, imbwa yakararama mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma inogona kubatanidza manzwiro asina kunaka kana maitiro anovhiringidza nezvimwe zvinhu kana nzvimbo. 

Asi zvinozivikanwa kuti imbwa dzinoshaya varidzi vadzo padzinoenda, uye dzinofara zvisingaite kana dzadzokera kumba.

Zvisinei, izvi hazvirevi kuti chipfuyo chinoshuva imwe mhuri. Kana iwe ukakomberedza imbwa yako nemhepo yerudo uye nehanya, iye achafara kurarama iye zvino uye kufara kuva mumusha wake mutsva usingagumi.