Nzira yekuziva rudzi rwembwa

Beer, phenotype, mestizo kana "nobleman" - ndiani ari munyika yembwa

Chisimbiso chepamutemo chekuchena kwemhuka ndeyedzinza rayo. Pasina iyo, chero imbwa, kunyange kana yakanyatsopindirana mumitemo ye cynological associations, haina kodzero yekuberekesa chimiro.

Pedigree - kadhi iro rinotevera ruzivo rwunocherechedzwa: mazita emadunhurirwa emwana nevabereki vake, anoratidza mazita uye zviyero zvakagamuchirwa nevagadziri vemarara mukati mehupenyu hwavo, zvepabonde uye zuva rekuzvarwa kwembwa, kushorwa, mazita emadzitateguru (zvishoma 3). zvizvarwa).

Izvo hazvina kukodzera zvakare kurekodha imbwa isina pedigree sepooch, nekuti kune mhuka dzinovaraidza dzine chiyero chakakodzera (uye dzimwe nguva yakanaka) kunze, vapfuri vane zita rakasiyana - phenotype. Musiyano mukuru pakati pephenotypic pet uye pedigree pet ndeye magwaro asina kuumbwa. Uyezve, imbwa inogona kuva nemadzitateguru akanaka maererano nejini, asi nokuda kwechimwe chikonzero ivo havana kuratidzwa uye havana kugamuchira kodzero yekubereka.

Mhuka dzinoberekwa nekuda kwekusangana kwemarudzi maviri akasiyana mamestizos. Kune zvikamu zviviri zvemestizos - akazvarwa mune zvakasikwa, uye pasi pesimba remunhu (kuyambuka nemaune kwemarudzi). Chinhu chakakosha nuance: zviri pamutemo chete imbwa kubva kune vanogadzira ine zvinyorwa zvekwakabva inogona kunzi mestizo.

Mongorel yatove musanganiswa wemhando nhatu kana kupfuura. Uyezve, madzitateguru emhuka anogona kuva vanhu vakachena, uye mestizos, uye mamwe mashefu. Sezvineiwo, "noble brand" inogona kunyange kuisirwa puppies, mumwe wevabereki ane purebred ane pedigree, uye wechipiri muvhareji mugari wemumigwagwa yemuguta.

Nzira yekuziva sei rudzi rwembwa

Kuvapo kwechiratidzo / chip kunorerutsa basa zvakanyanya, sezvo imbwa ine "pasipoti" yakadaro inogona kugara ichinzi kune nyanzvi inoverenga nyore data kubva kune aripo mamaki. Ne unchip "miswe" mamiriro ezvinhu anonyanya kuoma. Ehe, hapana anorambidza kupa imbwa kune cynologist uyo achaita ongororo uye obva aona rimwe kana akawanda mapoka emhando yemhuka inotonga phenotype yemhuka. Asi inenge nguva dzose kukanganisa kwekuedza kwakadaro kuchave kwakakura zvikuru.

Maererano nenhamba, vanobata imbwa makumi maviri nenomwe chete kubva pazana vanobudirira mukuziva nemazvo marudzi akapa majini avo kumhuka yemestizo (tiri kutaura, hongu, nezvekuongorora kwekuona).

Kubva pane zvakaoma zve "kuzivikanwa", mubvunzo wepanyama unomuka: sei kuziva rudzi rwembwa zvachose, kana pasina pedigree haizombove nyeredzi yezviratidziro uye imbwa inoratidza? Vafudzi vanotsanangura izvi nechokwadi chokuti, kuziva genetic base yemhuka, zviri nyore zvikuru kutarisa hutano hwayo. Kureva: kuratidza predisposition kune zvirwere zvenhaka. Semuenzaniso, brachycephalic ocular uye obstructive breathing syndrome kazhinji inokanganisa marudzi ane short muzzles (brachycephals), pamwe chete nehama dzavo dzepedyo, uye kashoma, vamiririri vemamwe marudzi embwa.

Nzira yekuziva sei rudzi rwembwa

Iyo idiki iyo puppy, kashoma kashoma kuti ibudirire kuziva rudzi rwayo. Zvikamu zvakakanganiswa, kuchinja kwemavara, kukura kusina kufanana, kuonekwa kwemavara pajasi (Dalmatians) - zvose izvi zviitiko, zvisingadzivisiki kune vana vaduku, zvinongoderedza maitiro. Saka kana iwe ukatora chipfuwo chisina magwaro, tora shanduko dzayo dzezera wakadzikama - hazvibviri kufanotaura kuti mwana akatenga "kubva pamaoko" achakura sei. Zvine kuvimbika, rudzi rwembwa rwakatemerwa kubva kumwedzi mitanhatu, kunyange zvazvo cynologists ivo pachavo vanofunga kuti gore rimwe chete rezera remhuka rakanyanya kunaka.

Nzira yekuziva sei rudzi rwembwa yakakura nezviratidzo zvekunze

Zviri nani kuongorora maitiro ekunze muunganidzwa, uchireva bhuku rereferenzi kana chiyero cherudzi. Asi ramba uchifunga kuti ne "vanokudzwa" muchizvarwa che nth, iyi nheyo haigoni kushanda - yakanyanyisa kusanganiswa kwemajini kunowanikwa mune phenotype yavo. Asi mumamiriro ezvinhu ane mestizos, mikana ye "kuzivikanwa" yakabudirira yakanyanyisa.

Nehurefu uye uremu

Nyika yembwa ine hofori dzayo, middlings uye dwarfs. RKF inozivisa 3 mhando huru dzematombo zvinoenderana nehukuru hwevamiriri vavo.

guru

Imbwa dzine urefu hwemasendimita makumi matanhatu pakusvava uye uremu hwemuviri we60-25 kg. Vamiririri vakatanhamara: Imbwa yeEast European Shepherd, Briard, Maremma-Abruzzo Shepherd Dog, American Bulldog, Doberman, Caucasian Shepherd Dog, Black Russian Terrier, Giant Schnauzer, Alaskan Malamute, nezvimwewo.

Mhando dzose dzembwa huru

pakati nepakati

Imbwa dzepakati imbwa kubva pamakumi mana kusvika makumi matanhatu masendimita pakusvava dzine huremu huri pakati pe40-60 kg. Mamwe marudzi akarongedzerwa neRKF sepakati: French Bulldog, Lhasa Apso, Russian Spaniel, Pharaoh Hound, Chow Chow, East Siberian Laika, Welsh Terrier, Border Collie, American Stafford, Bull Terrier, Thai Ridgeback, Beagle, nezvimwe.

Mhando dzose dzembwa dziri pakati nepakati

diki

Pakati pemarudzi madiki, mapoka matatu makuru anosiyaniswa: imbwa diki dzakakodzera (kureba - kusvika 40 cm; uremu - kusvika 10-12 kg), diki (kureba pakusvava - kusvika 35 cm; uremu hwemuviri - kusvika 5 kg. ), toi (urefu - kwete kupfuura 28 cm; uremu - mukati me2 kg). Anowanzo "vacheche": Miniature Pinscher, Yorkshire Terrier, Mexican Hairless Dog, Belgian Griffon, Pug, Chinese Crested Dog, Russian Toy Terrier, Chihuahua, Maltese, Petit Brabancon, Papillon, Japanese Chin, Tibetan Spaniel, Coton de Tulear, Manchester Terrier etc. .

Mhando dzose dzembwa diki

Nerudzi rwenzeve

Saizi, kugadzika uye chimiro chejira renzeve ndiyo inonyanya kukosha hunhu hunogona kutaura zvakawanda nezve "midzi" yemhuka.

Mukuwedzera kune chimiro uye seti, nzeve dzinogona kusiyana mukuvapo / kusavapo kwekushongedza minhenga. Zvibereko zvisingagoni kuvhiringidzika nekuda kwechinhu ichi: papillon, Russian refu-bvudzi toy terrier, briar.

Pamwe nekureba kwemuzzle

Zambuko refu remhuno mumbwa hazvirevi nguva dzose munhu anofembedza. Kunyangwe, kusvika pamwero mukuru, chimiro chakadaro cheanatomical chinowanikwa muvamiriri vemarudzi ekuvhima.

Mbeu dzine mhuno dzakareba:

Uye zvechokwadi, usakanganwa nezvevamiririri ve "polar" canine mhuri - brachycephals. Saka kana chimbwanana chako chine muromo mupfupi kana wakatsetseka, zvingangoita kuti mune yake genetic code yakaonekwa:

Hupenyu hack kune avo vanofarira: pakusarudza rudzi rwembwa nekureba kwemuzzle, usakanganwa nezvechimiro chekuseri kwemhino. Semuenzaniso: mitsipa yehando terrier uye Afghan hound inenge yakaenzana kureba, asi nekuona iyo yakasiyana zvikuru.

Chimiro nekukura kwemuswe

Miswe iri muchimiro chechiedza checorkscrew chimiro cheChow Chow, Pug uye Akita Inu. Muswe-mureza, wakamira wakatwasuka, chiratidzo chinozivisa chenyuchi. Chimiro chakaita hoko chine muromo wakasimudzwa zvishoma ndeye pedigree chip yeBriards nePyrenean Shepherds. Muswe wembeva, seweIrish Water Spaniel, ine hwaro hwakasimba, hune makushe uye nemuromo mutete wakafukidzwa nemvere dzisina kusimba. Iyo Labrador Retriever ine inonzi inonzi otter muswe: gobvu kuzasi, ichienda kumuromo uye yakatsetseka pazasi.

Bull Terriers varidzi vemiswe yakatwasuka, iyo inonziwo tsvimbo. Chiratidzo chimiro chakafanana nenyuchi inoruma. Mhete iri pamucheto wemuswe wemarudzi mazhinji inoonekwa seyakakomba conformation kukanganisa, asi kwete yeAfghan Hound, iyo iyo "dhizaini" yakadaro inoratidzira hunhu. Crescent miswe inowanzova yeSiberian Huskies. Squirrel miswe, yakanyatso bhenda mberi, inofananidzwa nePekingese.

Maererano nehurefu uye chimiro chejasi

Rudzi rwejasi ruchadzikisawo zvakanyanya huwandu hwekutsvaga kwerudzi. Cynologists anosiyanisa 6 marudzi makuru embwa "hembe":

• rudzi rwemusango - bvudzi refu pamutsipa, muviri, muswe uye pfupi pamakumbo nemusoro;
• pfupi-bvudzi - yunifomu yakatsetseka jasi mumuviri wese ine hushoma huwandu hwe undercoat kana isina iyo;
• wire-haired - yakaoma, wiry kana mvere dzakaita se-spindle, dzichigadzira mail cheni yekudzivirira pamuviri wemhuka;
• refu-bvudzi - jasi rine silky, rinowanzorembera mupendero, rinogona kunge rakatsetseka kana rakaputika.

Mukati memhando huru dzemvere dzemakwai, pane subspecies.

Imbwa dzisina bvudzi - Chinese Crested, Xoloitzcuintle, American Hairless Terrier, Ecuadorian Hairless, Abyssinian Sand Terrier, Peruvian Inca Orchid, Deerhound (isingazivikanwe zviri pamutemo nemasangano ecynological), Manchurian Hairless.

bvudzi rakatsetseka - Great Dane, Doberman, Dalmatian, Cane Corso, Boxer, Ca de Bo, Italian Greyhound, Pharaoh Hound, nezvimwe.

Vanhu vane ganda rakapetwa – Sharpei, Neapolitan Mastiff, Pug.

Akareba aine undercoat diki – Japanese Chin.

Bvudzi refu rine undercoat yakawanda – Pekingese.

Mhuka dzine mvere dzine tambo kana matani – mabara, komondor, bergama mufudzi.

Wire-bvudzi nemhando pfupi yekuvhara - yakatsetseka-bvudzi gava terrier, Hungarian vizsla.

Coarse jasi rehurefu hwepakati - standard schnauzer, Irish terrier.

Imbwa dzine bvudzi rakamonana - Airedale Terrier, Welsh Terrier.

Vanhu vane bvudzi pfupi rakamonana – Curly Coated Retriever.

Imbwa yeCentral Asian Shepherd inoonekwa semuridzi wejasi remusango. Zvakare, ma cynologists anosiyanisa imwe subtype, iyo inosanganisira imbwa dzine vhudzi rakafara dzine bvudzi rakapfava uye rakakora zvakanyanya (bobtails).

Neruvara

Nzira iri nyore yekuziva rudzi mumbwa dzine mavara asingawanzo. Semuenzaniso, zvinozivikanwa kuti merle color inenge nguva dzose Bull Terrier, Pit Bull, Aussie uye Pembroke Welsh Corgi. Kana iwe ukaona chisikwa chine chimiro chayo chose chakafanana neCavalier King Charles Spaniel, asi nejasi chena, rakashongedzwa nemavara echestnut, ipapo paine mukana we99,9% une Blenheim pamberi pako.

Chokwadi chinoda kuziva: sezvo marudzi emavara asiri nguva dzose mutambo usingakuvadzi wemagene, mamwe awo anorambidzwa kuberekesa. Kunyanya, taboo pakuedza kubereka yakasimbiswa kune vanhu vane albino, pamwe nembwa dze Isabella sutu. Kune zvakare huwandu hwezvirambidzo pamerle color, kunyangwe zvisiri zvemarudzi ese.

Hunhu uye hunhu: isu tinosarudza rudzi nemaitiro

Iyo nzira, inoratidzwa ne cynologists seyakanyanya kusavimbika, zvakare dzimwe nguva inoshanda. Kunyanya kana imbwa yakataura tsika dzevamiririri verudzi rwakarongwa. Kana mhuka yacho yakaratidza kuva digger chaiyo, zvinokwanisika kuti aingova nerombo rakanaka nemajini e terrier. Vaya vanoda "kufudza" dzose dzine nyanga uye miswe iyo inoonekwa inosiyaniswa nemasikirwo emufudzi wembwa - muganhu wemakumbo, mashelties, corgis.

Zvizvarwa zveimbwa dzekuvhima zvichange zvakarongeka kuvepo kwekatsi dzese dzakapoteredza, pamwe nehuku, kana iripo. Mafeni emakonzo, makonzo uye mamwe makonzo, sekutonga, dachshunds, ratlicks, cairn uye jack russell terriers, pamwe nediki schnauzers. St. Bernards, Golden Retrievers, Pugs, Papillons, Poodles uye Labradors vanogara vachida "mwana" uye tinker nevana vako. Kana iwe ukasangana nemunhu asingatauri "murume akanyarara", zvingangodaro kuti vamiririri vemarudzi maduku ekuhukura vakaonekwa mumadzitateguru ake - Basenji, American Akita, Shiba Inu, Rhodesian Ridgeback, Afghan Hound, Greyhound.

Genetic Code: Pedigree Kutangwa kuburikidza neGenetic Testing

MuRussia, kuongororwa kweDNA kwembwa kunopihwa nemarabhoritari akati wandei kamwechete. Iyo inonyanya kufarirwa maitiro e cynologists ndeye bvunzo yekuona dhigirii rehukama uye kumisa genetic profile. Kazhinji, zvidzidzo zvakadaro zvinoshanda seinishuwarenzi kune vapfuri vasina kutendeseka. Usati watenga puppy pasina magwaro, unogona kutumira biomaterial yemhuka nevabereki vayo ku laboratori (muchibvumirano nemutengesi) kuti uve nechokwadi chokuti iwe unopiwa chipfuwo kubva kune vanogadzira izvo zvakaratidzwa.