Pulmonary edema mumakati: zviratidzo uye zvinokonzera, nzira dzekuongorora uye kurapwa, kudzivirira zvirwere

Katsi imhuka dzakatsiga uye dzakasimba. Asi, sezvipenyu zvese, chipfuyo ichi chinorwarawo. Zvirwere mumhuka, zvinosuruvarisa, zvakaomawo. Sezvo pasina zvokudya, uye pasina mhepo, hapana munhu asati adzidza kurarama. Saka kati inogona kuva nenzara yeokisijeni, uye mune mamwe mazwi - pulmonary edema. Mhuka inotanga kupera uye pano kuzvirapa hakubatsiri: unoda kukurumidza kubvunza chiremba. Chirwere chakadaro chine ngozi kune chero chipenyu: kumunhu, kumhuka. Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuva nenguva yekupa rubatsiro rwekurapa panguva. Kuti unzwisise zvishoma zvishoma kuti chii chinonyanya kukosha chechirwere, unofanirwa kunzwisisa kuti chii chinonzi pulmonary edema.

Chii chinonzi pulmonary edema?

Pulmonary edema chirwere chinokonzerwa nekuderera kweyero ye lymph flow pasi pesimba re venous pressure. Nekuda kweizvozvo, zviri mukati mepulmonary fluid zvinodarika zvakajairwa uye gasi kuchinjana kunovhiringidzwa.

Chirwere ichi chinoratidzwa nezviratidzo zvakadai sekupfupika kwekufema, kufema uye kufema.

Maererano nemaitiro avo, mapapu anogona kufananidzwa neboka remazambiringa, apo "mazambiringa" ega ega akabatanidzwa nemidziyo yeropa uye akazadzwa nemhepo.

Aya "mazambiringa" anonzi alveoli. Kana katsi infemera mweya alveoli yakazara neokisijeni kuburikidza nemasero eropa akapoteredza. Munguva yekufema, alveoli inoburitsa kabhoni dhaikisaidhi.

Pulmonary edema mumakati inoitika apo alveoli inozadza nemvura. Fluid inodzinga mweya kunotungamirira kukuvhiringidza kwehuwandu hwekugovera kwemapapu oksijeni. Somugumisiro, nzara yeokisijeni inoitika.

Haisi chete iyo inodiwa yakawanda yeokisijeni haina kukwana, asiwo iyo yakaunganidzwa kabhoni dhayokisaidhi haigone kubuda.

Zviratidzo zvakananga zvepulmonary edema mumakati

Kuti chipfuwo chedu chive neutano, tinofanira kutarisa hutano hwake. Pane zvishoma zviratidzo zvechirwere, zvakakosha kuziva kuti dambudziko ripi rauchasangana naro uye, kana zvichidiwa, pakarepo taura nachiremba wemhuka.

Kunyanya kukoshesa kunofanira kubhadharwa kana kati ichangobva kuvhiyiwa pasi peanesthesia. Mhuka ine utano haigoni kuva nezvinetso neanesthesia. Asi kana kati ine dambudziko nemoyo, saka munyaya iyi anesthesia inogona kupa kukurudzira kukurudzirwa kwepulmonary edema. Inogona kusatooneka pakarepo, asi pane mukana we edema mumavhiki mashoma anotevera mushure mekuvhiyiwa.

Hapana chikonzero chekuvhunduka chero chikonzero. Kana edema ichifungidzirwa, zviratidzo zviviri zvinofanira kuonekwa.

Zviratidzo zvepulmonary edema mumakati zvinogona kusanganisira:

• katsi inova lethargic, isina simba inoshanda, inomira kupindura kune yaimbokonzera kutamba kwayo. Ichi chimiro chakanangana nekushaikwa kweokisijeni. Chero chiitiko chinotungamirira kukufema kwekufema;
• kunoratidzika kuva kutaura kwoupenzi: “katsi inofema sembwa.” Kutaura zvazviri, ichi chiratidzo chinotyisa, sezvo kufema nemuromo wakashama hakusi kwekatsi. Zvichida iwe wakaona kuti, mushure memitambo yakareba inoshanda, katsi inogara yakashama muromo. Izvi zvinoitika, asi kwete kazhinji uye zvinotora kubva paminiti imwe kusvika maviri. Kungopesana kunoitika kana kati ichirwara: inofema nemuromo wakashama, inoburitsa rurimi rwayo, kurira uye kupfupika kwekufema kunooneka;
• kupfupika kwemweya ndeimwe yezviratidzo zvechirwere chemapapu, sezvo pakarepo inova pachena kuti kati iri kufema neimwe nzira yakaipa. Kufema kwakajairika mumakati ane chipfuva nedumbu ndiyo inonzi chest-abdominal mhando yekufema. Panguva yekurwara, mhuka inofema nedumbu rayo;
• kufema kunorema uye kusina nguva kunoperekedzwa nekufema. Kuputika kunoitikawo panguva yekuzvimba maitiro mu pharynx kana trachea, somuenzaniso, nechando. Muchiitiko chekuputika kwemapapu mukati, kuputika kunofanana nekuputika kana kuputika. Fluid inogonawo kubuda mumhino;
• kukosora kunogona kuitika panguva yepulmonary edema. Ehe saizvozvo kukosora hakusi chiratidzo nemhando iyi yechirwere, asi kana yamuka, zvino izvi zvinoitika chete reflexively. Katsi iri kunetseka kufema uye iri kuedza kubvisa mvura inenge yaungana mumapapu. Chikosoro chinogona kuperekedzwa nehuwandu hwe sputum uye kunyange ropa;
• Chiratidzo chinonyanya kuzivikanwa chechirwere ichi ndicho cyanosis. Cyanosis ibluish discoloration ye mucous membrane. Pano, mune katsi inorwara, nekuda kwekushayikwa kweokisijeni, mucous membrane uye rurimi zvine bhuruu.

Zvikonzero zvepulmonary edema

Pane zvikonzero zvitatu zvechirwere ichi mumakati.

1. Muchiitiko chechirwere chemoyo kana kukurumidza-kuita intravenous infusions, kune kuwedzera kwekumanikidzwa mumapilari. Madziro emacapillaries akaputsika uye chikamu chemvura cheropa chinoyerera chichipinda mumapapu.
2. Somugumisiro wezvimwe zvirwere, oncotic pressure inoderera, izvo zvinoenderana nehuwandu hwemapuroteni mu capillaries uye kukwanisa kwavo kuchengetedza mvura. Mvura, ine zvinhu zvakanyungudutswa mairi, inoparadzirwa zvakaenzana mumatishu neropa. Kana iyo oncotic pressure inoderera, saka mvura haichagoni kubatwa mukati memudziyo (capillaries) uye inobuda, ichipinda mualveoli yemapapu, ichikonzera edema.
3. Pneumonia kana intravascular coagulation inogonawo kutyora kudzivirira kweprotein ye capillaries uye mvura inobuda. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuwedzera kwepermeability ye membranes ye capillaries uye alveoli.

Pamusoro pezviri pamusoro apa, tinogona kusimbisa izvo zvakare zvinobatsira mukukura kwepulmonary edema mune katsi:

• katsi inogona kugumburwa netambo yemagetsi isina chinhu pane imwe nzvimbo uye kuwana kushamiswa kwemagetsi;
• kunyange zvazvo felines vanoda kudziya, zvakadaro kune njodzi yekupisa kupisa (mumamiriro okunze anopisa mumotokari yakavharwa, muimba isina mhepo mukupisa);
• kana, semuenzaniso, paive nekudonha kubva pakukwirira kukuru uye kati yakagamuchira kukuvara kwemusoro (kukuvadzwa kwehuropi);
• zvinoitika kuti varidzi vanotora mhuka yacho kune dacha, uko mumitambo katsi inogona kugumburwa nenjodzi panyoka uye kuwana kuruma.

Tichifunga nezvese zvikonzero uye zvinhu, zvakakosha kusiyanisa pakati pemhando dzeedema: cardiogenic uye isiri-cardiogenic.

Yokutanga inoratidzirwa nekuvapo kwechirwere chemoyo.

Yechipiri inoitika nekuda kwekuwedzera kwecapillary permeability. Haina kuwanda mumakati pane imbwa. Yakabatanidzwa nekukuvara kwehuropi, chepfu, anaphylactic shock. Kazhinji zvinoitika semugumisiro wekupinzwa kwechinhu chero chipi zvacho mumhepo yekufema.

Kuongororwa uye kurapwa kwepulmonary edema

Chiremba wezvipfuyo anoita ongororo yechokwadi zvichienderana nekuteerera ruzha mumapapu uye pa x-ray.

Kuteerera (auscultation) yechipfuva chekati kunoita kuti zvikwanise kunzwa kuputika mumapapu, mwoyo unogunun'una ne cardiogenic edema.

Kuti uite kuongororwa kubva pamufananidzo, chepfu x-ray inotorwa muzvikamu zviviri zvakasiyana perpendicular kune mumwe nemumwe. Matishu emapapu akasvibiswa uye ane mumvuri pamufananidzo.

Dzimwe nguva, kana kati iri mumamiriro ezvinhu akaipa kwazvo, kuongororwa ropa kunoitwa. Mhuka inounzwa kune yakagadzikana uye ipapo x-ray inotorwa.

Kurapa kwekati, kana kuongororwa kwatosimbiswa, kunotanga nekugadzirwa kwenzvimbo yakadzikama.

Pulmonary edema mumakati chirwere chakakomba. Mhuka inoda kuzorora haigone kumanikidza kudyisa uye ipai chokunwa. Mhuka iri kurwara iri kutsvaga nzvimbo yakahwanda pasina anoivhiringidza.

Mushure mokutora kati kuna chiremba, kuoma kunowanikwa.

Chokutanga pane zvose, diuretics inoshandiswa mukurapa.

Mhuka inorwara inobvumirwa kufema okisijeni kubva kune okisijeni mask kana kuiswa mukamuri yeokisijeni. Muzviitiko zvakanyanya kuoma kuvhiyiwa kunobvira kana kuti yakabatana nemhepo inofefetera.

Intravenous infusions ichabatsira kudzorera electrolyte balance - chiyero che potassium uye sodium anions mumuviri.

Pamwe nekupa rubatsiro tsvakurudzo yose inobvira inofanira kuitwa, zvakadai se: x-ray, kuongorora ropa (general uye biochemical).

Kuti uwanezve zvakakwana, zvakakosha kuchengetedza kati muchipatara, sezvo nguva dzose kutarisa kunodiwa. Nguva iyi inowanzobva kune rimwe zuva kusvika kwemazuva matatu.

Kudzivirira chirwere

Mhuka ine chirwere chemoyo inoda kugara ichiongororwa nanyanzvi. Kurapa panguva yakakodzera kuchabatsira murwere akadaro kudzivisa njodzi yekubatwa nechimwe chirwere.

Mhuka inoratidzika kunge ine hutano inogona kunge iri panjodzi nekuda kwerudzi rwayo. Naizvozvo, iwe unofanirwa kuziva maitiro erudzi uye ita kudzivirira kwepulmonary edema mumakati.

Matambudziko ekufema amuka chiratidzo chekukurumidza kubata chiremba wemhuka.