Top 10 shark dzinotyisa munyika

Ihove yakadaro inodya se shark inowanzova chimiro mumafirimu anotyisa - zvose nokuti kune ngano dzakawanda pamusoro pehove idzi. Tese tinoziva kuti shaki inorwisa vanhu, asi ichi hachisi chokwadi zvachose ... Chokwadi ndechekuti shark haisiyanise kuti ndiani ari pamberi payo: munhu, hove kana chisimbiso. Zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti anofarira nyama yechisimbiso zvakanyanya kupfuura vanhu, saka shark inongogumira pakungorova munhu, ipapo anonzwisisa kuti ndiani ari pamberi pake uye anorasikirwa nekufarira. Asi hatisi kutaura nezve shark dzese - dzimwe dzadzo dzine njodzi zvakanyanya.

Waizviziva here?kuti shark yakaonekwa makore anenge mamiriyoni 450 apfuura? Zvisikwa zvakawanda zvakanyangarika, asi shark dzakasara. Nenzira, zvikara zvekare zvekare hazvina kuchinja zvakanyanya. Anenge 350 marudzi eshaki anogara mumvura yeWorld Ocean, uye ose akasiyana.

Muchikamu chino, tichakuudza nezvevane gumi vanotya shark - tinovimba une nguva yakanaka yekuverenga.

10 Dwarf Shark

Kubva pazita iwe unogona kutonzwisisa kuti nei shark yakatumidzwa zita remadunhurirwa. Chimiro chayo chinosiyanisa chimiro chemusoro chisina kujeka pasina makona akapinza. Iyo blunt-nosed shark (aka "bull shark") inogara muAtlantic Ocean, gungwa reAustralia, pamhenderekedzo yeIndochina, pamwe chete neSouth neNorth America. Iyo shark inosangana kwete mumiromo yenzizi chete, asiwo kumusoro. Anorwisa zvipfuyo zvinosundwa nevafudzi kumvura, uye anowanzoshandisa siginecha yake yemusoro kuti abvise munhu wake patsoka. Vanhu vanowanzova vanyajambwa. Mushure mekubata mhuka, shark dzinosaidzira nekudziruma kusvika dzisisakwanise kutiza.

Chokwadi chinofadza: muna 1916 pakanga pane nhevedzano yemhondi dzepamusoro-soro. Vatorwa kubva kumhenderekedzo yeNew Jersey vakaurayiwa. Zvinotendwa kuti nzombe shark inobatanidzwa munyaya iyi. Nyaya iyi yakafuridzira Peter Benchley kunyora shaya.

9. Goblin shark

Kuonekwa kwayo, kutaura zvinyoro, kunotyisa ... Hongu, uye goblin shark (nemamwe mazwi, "deep-sea fish", "brownie") ichiri kunyatsodzidza. Goblins dzine mhino dzakaita seweji. Nokukurumidza apo kudya kwemanheru kunobvira kunooneka munzira yeshark ine nzara, shaya dzine simba dzinobuda mumhino dzayo dzakati sandarara. Kwenguva yekutanga, jaya goblin shark rakabatwa muna 1898, rakanzi Mitsukurina owstoni mukukudza Kakechi Mitsukuri - purofesa akaibata, uye Alan Ouston - ndiye akatanga kuidzidza.

Nhamba huru yehaki isina kujairika inogara muJapan. Sezvo pasati pave nemisangano pakati pevashambadzi nevashambadzi vane shark, zvakaoma kuongorora chiyero chengozi yayo kuvanhu, asi, chokwadi, munhu anofanira kugara akangwarira.

Chokwadi chinofadza: goblin shark yakanyorwa muRed Book semhando isingawanzo uye isina kunyatsodzidza. Shark shaya dzinokosheswa zvakanyanya nevateresi - ivo vakagadzirira kubhadhara mari yakanakisa kwavari.

8. hammerhead shark

Imwe shark inofadza. Chimiro chayo chemukati chinoshamisa, asi chakabatanidzwa nekutya ... Pamusoro pechitarisiko, hammerhead shark yakakura muhukuru: kureba kwayo kunodarika mamita mana, asi iyi haisi iyo muganhu. Vamwe vanhu vane 4 kana kunyange 7 m kureba. Zvinotendwa kuti kurwa nehammerhead shark kunotongerwa kukunda pamberi - inogara ichikunda. Vanodzidza nezvezvinhu zvipenyu vakagumisa kuti musoro wake wakaita sesando wakangoerekana wachinja. Mhuka iyi haikwanise kuona semamwe mashaki, asi inoona nyika kuburikidza nekuona kwayo kweparutivi.

Kana iyo hammerhead shark yakaenda kunovhima, iwe unofanirwa kugara kunze kwekuona. Iyi shark ine ngozi kuvanhu here? Unknown. MuIndia, Thailand, semuenzaniso, hove idzi dzinofarirwa nevatambi - nyama yeshark inodyiwa zvakachengeteka.

7. Frilled shark

Ichi chisikwa chine ngozi uye chakasiyana chinonzi mambo wepasi pemvura yakadzika. Iyo shark yakabikwa (inonziwo "gaffered") idzinza reiyo nyoka yegungwa, kwemakore 95 miriyoni, izvo zvinoshamisa, hazvina kushanduka zvachose. Iyi shark chisaririra nekuti haina kushanduka nekufamba kwemakore.

Anogona kunge akazviwanira hupenyu hune budiriro nekuda kwenzira yehupenyu yakadzika-gungwa. Pakudzika kwemamita 600, ane vavengi vashoma. Iwe zvimwe uri kushamisika kuti nei yakanzi zvakadaro? Zviri nyore - ingotarisa chimiro chake. Ropa rake risina kujairika rakasvibira muruvara uye rinoratidzika sejazi. Iyo shark ine kugona kunoshamisa kumedza zvachose munhu akabatwa.

Iyo shark yakakangwa iri paIUCN Red List uye iri kutyisidzirwa nekutsakatika.

6. bigmouth shark

Iyo hurumouth shark, kunyange zvazvo isinganyanyi kutaridzika uye inokurudzira kutya nehukuru hwayo - (inorema anenge 1,5 tani uye urefu hwemuviri wayo inenge 6 m), asi chisikwa hachina ngozi. Kuwanikwa kunonakidza kwerudzi urwu kwakaitika munguva pfupi yapfuura - muna 1976 uye zvachose netsaona. Gore iroro, US Navy hydrographic ship yakaita ongororo muHawaiian Islands. Chibatiso chaiyangarara chakadzikiswa mumvura kubva parutivi rwengarava yeAmerica, uye payakasimudzwa ichidzokera shure, makawanikwa hove yechienzi mairi.

Mhando yehove iyi inonzi ishoma pasi rose. Nzvimbo yavo yekugara inodzidzwa zvishoma, asi shark dzakawanikwa mumakungwa eIndia, Pacific, uye Atlantic. Kufanana neshaki yakagochwa, shark yemuromo mukuru chisikwa chegungwa rakadzika.

5. akaona shark

Mhuri inosanganisira 9 mhando dzinoumba "sawtooth" urongwa. Chinhu chinonyanya kusiyanisa cheboka ndecherefu yakareba yakatsetseka, yakavharwa kumativi ose ane mazino makuru. Chimwe chinhu kuvepo kweantennae iri pakati pemhuno. Kazhinji kuona shark inovhiringidzika nesaha shark, asi pane misiyano pakati pavo. Mumasaha, gill slits iri pamativi emuviri kuseri kwemusoro. Mune sawfly stingray, pane ventral chikamu chemuviri.

Mune saw shark, iyo pectoral fins yakaparadzana kubva mumuviri, nepo mumwaranzi iri kuenderera kwemuviri. Iyo saw shark haina kuisa njodzi kuvanhu, kunyangwe kutaridzika kwayo, hongu, kunotyisa. Asi paunosangana naye, usakanganwa nezvemazino ake akapinza - anogona kukonzera kukuvara kwakakomba. Mhuka iyi inogoverwa mumvura inodziya, yepasi pemvura. Chaizvoizvo, shark dzinogara pakadzika - kwete kupfuura 40-50 m, asi vamwe vanhu vakawana pakadzika 1 km.

4. cigar shark

Zvimwe zvisikwa zvepasi redu zvinoshamiswa nechitarisiko chazvo! Cigar shark (aka "Brazilian luminous") inotaridzika zvakanaka uye inoita kunge isingakwanise kukuvadza, asi ikaonekwa inotyisa ... Chikara chinogara mumvura inodziya yemakungwa. Pasinei nehukuru hwayo (shark inosvika 52 cm chete pakureba), mhuka dzakawanda dzakapetwa saizi yayo dzinogona kutambura kubva pairi. Iyo shark inonyanya kuvhima mhuka diki, inogona kutsenga nemuviri wehove huru nemhuka dzinoyamwisa.

Ane mazino akapinza zvekuti kana shark huru jena haana. Pane zviitiko paakarwisa vanhu - muna 2009 akaruma mutsigiri Michael Spalding muHawaii, uye muna 2012 pane chiitiko apo cigar shark yakaruma nechikepe chevafambisi vechikepe. Sezvineiwo, vakapona nekugadzirisa igwa.

3. jecha shark

Zvichida jecha shark (aka "nurse shark", "jecha tiger") rinotarisa rinotyisa, asi hariiti ngozi huru kuvanhu. Iyi mhuka ine runyararo, shark dzinogona kushambira zviri nyore pedyo nevanhu uye kwete kuvabata. Vanotoita hasha chete kana vanhu vabatwa nechirauro nechikafu chavo chavanoda. Vanogonawo kuratidza kusada kana vakakomberedzwa neve scuba divers. Iyo jecha shark inogara mumvura yemahombekombe emakondinendi munzvimbo dzinopisa uye dzinopisa dzepasi rose (kunze kwePacific gungwa reAmerica).

Mumiriri wenyika yepasi pemvura yakakura - kureba kweshaki kunosvika 4 m, inovhima squid, hove dzebony uye shark duku. Inogara mumvura isina kudzika munzvimbo ye intertidal, inoedza kugara pakadzika - kusvika pamamita maviri.

2. hofori shark

Iyo giant shark (aka "gigantic"), inosvika 10 m kureba uye inorema anenge matani mana, haina njodzi kuvanhu, kunyangwe inoratidzika kunge inotyisa. Inofananidzwa nemawhale nekuda kwekuti chikafu che shark chinonzi planktonic organisms. Hofori shark inofarira kushambira pedyo nepamusoro nezvimbi zvayo ichibuda mumvura. Nokuda kwechinhu ichi, maBritish akaitumidza kuti "basking", zvinoreva "basking", zvinoreva muzuva.

Inoparadzirwa mumvura yakadzikama yePacific, inowanikwa pakadzika kusvika 1264 m. Chinonyanya kukosha chekusiyanisa chekunze chegigantic shark ndeye gill slits - yakakura zvekuti inofanana nerudzi rwekora inoganhura musoro wehove kubva kumashure kusvika kuhuro. Paunenge uchitarisa mumuromo weshaki, unogona kuona maburi akatwasuka - kune mashanu awo kune rimwe divi. Mukuwedzera, inosiyaniswa nemaziso maduku.

1. mackerel shark

Mako shark (zvakare "blue dolphin", "mheni shark", nezvimwewo) chikara chine ngozi. Anogara asingatyi pamahombekombe egungwa uye anowanzo kuoneka munzvimbo yemahombekombe, izvo zvinomuita kuti, pamwe chete nehunhu hwake hwehutsinye uye chishuwo chisingachinjiki, chine njodzi kuvanhu. Mako ane kukurumidza kukuru, uye anogona kuita kusvetuka kusvika pamamita matanhatu pakureba! Iyo shark inosiyaniswa nechinhu chimwe chemaitiro ... Inogona kurwisa munhu kamwe kamwe muchikepe, ichisvetuka kubva mumvura, uye ichienda naye pasi pemvura ...

Zvinogona kutaurwa kuti mako shark ane zvikonzero zvokutsiva pavanhu. Kazhinji vanobata mhuka iyi sekutamba hove. Kukunda pamusoro pemupikisi anotyisa uye akasimba anoyemurwa zvakanyanya munharaunda yeamateur yemitambo yekuredza.