Chii chinonzi mwoyo yekamba uye ropa ravo nderipi?

Kamba ndeyemhuka dzinokambaira uye ine circulatory system yakafanana nemadzvinyu nenyoka, ukuwo mumakarwe hurongwa hwekupa ropa hune zvimwe zvinosiyana. Mutumbi wekamba unopihwa ropa rakasanganiswa. Iyi haisi nzira yakakwana yekugovera ropa, asi inobvumira reptile kuti inzwe yakakura mune imwe nzvimbo yekugara. Funga nezvemashandiro anoita gadziriro yeropa yomumwe mugari wemugwenga nomumakungwa.

turtle mwoyo

Mwoyo wekamba uri pakati pemuviri pakati pe sternum nedumbu. Iyo yakakamurwa kuita maviri atria uye imwe ventricle, ine matatu-chambered muchimiro chayo. Dzimba dzemwoyo dzinoshanda nekuzadza muviri wemhuka inokambaira neokisijeni uye kudya kunovaka muviri. Iyo ventricle inopiwawo septum (muscular ridge) asi haipindi zvachose.

Mwoyo wekamuri inokubvumira kugovera ropa zvakaenzana, asi nechimiro ichi hazvibviri kudzivisa kusanganisa arterial uye venous zvikamu. Hurongwa hwekupinda kwekamba yeropa mumoyo ndohunotevera:

1. Iyo oksijeni-isina kuumbwa inopinda muatrium yakarurama kubva kune nhengo dzakasiyana-siyana. Inopinda muatrium, ichipfuura nepakati 4 tsinga.
2. "Mvura mhenyu" kubva mumapapu, iyo yakazara neokisijeni, inopinda kuruboshwe rweatrium. Inopihwa nekuruboshwe uye kurudyi pulmonary veins.
3. Kubva paatria, pavanenge vabvumirana, ropa rinosundirwa mumhepo kuburikidza nemazaru akavharwa, saka pakutanga haasanganisi. Zvishoma nezvishoma, kusanganiswa kwakasanganiswa kunounganidza kurutivi rworudyi rwe ventricle.
4. Tsandanyama kudhonzwa kunosundira “musanganiswa wezvokudya zvinovaka muviri” kuita madenderedzwa maviri ekutenderera kweropa. Mavharuvhu anoimisa kuti isadzokere kuatria.

Zvakakosha! Ropa riri muchimiro chemazuva ese uye kufema kwekamba rinofamba kubva kuruboshwe kuenda kurudyi nekuda kwekusiyana kwekumanikidza. Asi kana kufema kuchivhiringidzwa, somuenzaniso, kana kunyudzwa mumvura, ipapo kufamba uku kunoshanduka uye kunoenda kune rumwe rutivi.

Mamhanyiro emoyo

Kupomba kwekamba kunogona kutariswa nekuisa chigunwe pakati pemutsipa nemberi, asi hachinyatsotaurika. Sezvo tembiricha ye ambient inokwira, kurova kwemwoyo kunowedzera zvinooneka kuitira kuti kupisa kunonyura nekukurumidza sezvinobvira. Kana kwatonhora, kurova kwemwoyo kunononoka, izvo zvinoita kuti mhuka inokambaira irambe ichidziya sezvinobvira. Ingani mabhiti paminiti iyo moyo inoburitsa zvinoenderana nezera, hunhu hwemhando, huremu hwemuviri.

Iyo turtle's pulse, iyo yakajairika inoenderana nekushisa uko mhuka inonzwa yakasununguka (muzvarirwo ndeye + 25- + 29C).

Kurova paminiti kunotangira pa25 kusvika ku40, zvichienderana nerudzi rwemhuka. Munguva yekuzorora kwakakwana (anabiosis), mune mamwe marudzi, kurova kwemoyo ndiko 1 kurova paminiti.

Zvakakosha! Iko kumhanya kwemoyo uye kufamba kweropa kunoshanduka kunyange kusati kwashanduka kupisa kwemuviri, izvo zvinoratidza kuvapo kwe thermoreceptors paganda.

Basa rekutenderera kweropa

The circulatory system yekamba inoumba madenderedzwa maviri ekutenderera kweropa: diki nehombe. Izvi zvinokutendera kuti uchenese ropa rekamba kubva kucarbon dioxide uye woriendesa kunhengo, dzakatozara neokisijeni. Kufamba mudenderedzwa diki kunotevera:

• iyo ventricle zvibvumirano munzvimbo iyo mhango inowanikwa, ichisundira mvura inovaka muviri mutsinga yepulmonary;
• tsinga inoputika, ichienda kuruboshwe uye kurudyi mapapu;
• mumapapu, kuumbwa kunowedzerwa neokisijeni;
• kuumbwa kunodzokera kumoyo kuburikidza nemapapu emapapu.

Denderedzwa guru rekutenderera kweropa rinonyanya kuoma:

• apo ventricle inobvumirana, ropa rinobudiswa kurudyi (arterial) uye kuruboshwe (kusanganiswa) aortic arches;
• iyo arch yakarurama yakakamurwa kuva carotid uye subclavian arteries, iyo inopa uropi nemakumbo epamusoro nemusanganiswa wezvokudya;
• iyo dorsal aorta, inosanganisira ropa rakavhenganiswa, inodyisa nzvimbo yepelvic nemakumbo emashure;
• iyo yakagadzirwa yakafumiswa necarbon dioxide inodzokera kune kurudyi atrium kuburikidza nekurudyi uye kuruboshwe vena cava.

Ichi chimiro chemoyo chinokubvumira kudzora basa revascular system. Iine zvipingamupinyi zvayo: kupinda muropa reropa rakasanganiswa.

Zvakakosha! Mumarudzi emvura, kudzoka kweropa reropa kwakakwirira, masero avo anopiwa zviri nani neokisijeni. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nemamiriro e hypoxia panguva yekunyura, apo chikamu cheropa chinochengetwa mu capillaries. Maitiro akadaro ndeyekugadzirisa kune chaiwo mamiriro ezvakatipoteredza.

Vhidhiyo: turtle circulatory system

Ruvara rwekamba nderupi?

Kuumbwa uye basa remasero eropa mukamba nemhuka dzinoyamwisa zvakafanana. Asi kuumbwa kunogona kuchinja muhutu uye zvinoenderana nenguva yegore, pamuviri, zvirwere. Zvose zvinoumba ropa zvine nuclei, iyo isingawanzoitiki kune mamwe mapoka akanyanya kurongwa emhuka.

Rudzi rweropa rezvinokambaira rakatsvuka uye harina kusiyana nechitarisiko kubva kumunhu. Iro vhoriyamu ndeye 5-8% yehuremu hwemuviri, uye ruvara rwe arterial kuumbwa kunogona kusviba zvishoma, sezvo kuumbwa kunosanganiswa. Ropa rehutu-tsvuku, iro rinowanzochengetwa muimba, harina kusiyana nehama dzaro.

Zvinokosha: Turtles dzinononoka uye dzinokurumidza kuneta, dzine maitiro anononoka emagetsi, nokuti masero anotambura nekushayikwa kweokisijeni paanenge achidyiswa neropa rakasanganiswa. Asi panguva imwecheteyo, madzvinyu nenyoka zvinofamba chaizvo uye zvinoratidza chiitiko chikuru pane dzimwe nguva kana nguva dzehupenyu.

Kutenderera kwemhepo yekamba, sezvimwe zvinokambaira, yakakura kudarika yeamphibians (matatya) uye ishoma kudarika yemhuka dzinoyamwisa (mbeva). Ichi chinongedzo chekuchinja, asi chinobvumira muviri kuti ushande uye uchinje kune chaiwo ekunze mamiriro ekunze.