Mazai anobereka mazai ehuku dzekumba: maitiro makuru emhando, nheyo dzekusarudza uye kudya

Kurudziro yekusimudzirwa kwekupfuya huku, kunyanya kupfuya mazai, kwaimbove kudiwa kukuru kwevagari vemuguta kune zvigadzirwa zvechikafu. Ndicho chikonzero muzana remakore rechi18 - 19th nzira yekugadzira mazai ehuku yehuku yakatanga kukura zvakanyanya. Kutanga muna 1854, dendere rekudzora rakagadzirwa nechinangwa chekurekodha kugadzirwa kwemazai ehuku.

Kugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri mumunda wekurima huku dzezai munguva yedu kwakavakirwa pamhando yemhando yehuku - white leghorn. Pahwaro hwerudzi urwu, michinjikwa ine mazai makuru ekugadzirwa kwezai yakagadzirwa, uye mapurazi ehuku anotungamira anogamuchira anenge 260 zvidimbu pahuku inokandira. Mukuwedzera, michinjikwa yehuku inocherechedzwa mukugadzirwa, iyo inotakura mazai mumakungu machena uye akasviba. Michinjikwa ine makungu ane mavara ndiyo inonyanya kufarirwa muItari, England, USA, Japan neFrance.

Mushure mekuenzanisa kuongororwa kwehunhu hwemhando dzehuku dzakaitwa, zvakanakira michinjikwa yebrown mukuchengetedza, kugadzirwa kwakanakisa, kurongedzwa nebonde uye kusagadzikana kwehuku zvakaratidzwa.

Ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati perudzi rwemazai ehuku?

Chero rudzi rweshiri dzinokandira mazai dzinozivikanwa kuvapo kwehuwandu hwehutano:

1. Uremu huremu (kwete kupfuura 2,5 kilogram);
2. Kukura kwakakurumidza kwazvo, kunoitika chaizvo mazuva 140 mushure mekuzvarwa;
3. Mhuka dzehuku idzi dzinokandira mazai mugoko jena pazuva rechi125 rebudiriro;
4. Kugadzirwa kwemazai epamusoro (anenge mazai mazana matatu anowanikwa kubva kune imwe shiri), iyo inovimbiswawo nekuvapo kwemajongwe akanaka papurazi.

Pamusoro pezviri pamusoro apa, huku idzi dzine chimiro chakanaka. Panguva imwecheteyo, marudzi ose ehuku akafanana kune mumwe. Nheyo dzavo dzakati dense dzakagadzirwa zvakanaka uye dziri padyo nemuviri. Mapapiro nemuswe zvinokura kusvika pakukura. Pamusoro pane chikiribidi chakatwasuka chine mazino manomwe.

Mhando dzehuku dzinokandira

Zvichida dzinza rinonyanya kuzivikanwa iLeghorn, iro rakachengetwa zvakanaka. Kuisa rudzi vakakwanisa kugadzira vapfuri vekuAmerica.

Uyewo mumiririri akanaka wehuku-akaisa mazai ndiyo rudzi rweIsobrown, rwakaberekerwa neFrench.

Kuberekwa kwehuku uye majongwe, ayo akagadzirirwa kubereka nhamba huru yemazai, ane simba rakanaka pakuumbwa kwekurima. Anenge chero rudzi rwemazuva ano rwehuku runogona kutokanda mazai anosvika zana nemakumi mashanu mugore rekutanga rehupenyu. Kuti uwane mibairo yakakura, iwe unofanirwa kugara uchichengetedza mwenje wakanakisa pane zvishoma. mukati maawa gumi nemana zuva nezuva. Nekutevedzera mamiriro aya, muridzi wepurazi rehuku anogona kuve nechokwadi chekuti shiri dzake dzinopa mazai mazuva ese.

Sezvo mutemo, kutsiva kwezvipfuwo kunofanira kuitwa gore negore.

Zai rudzi Leggorn

Vakatanga kubatsirwa nekupfurwa kukuru kwerudzi urwu rwehuku nemajongwe vaive vekuAmerica. Vagari vemunyika iyi vakashinga vakatanga kudzidza nezvemhando huru kuitira kuti vabereke shiri dzinobereka nhamba huru yemazai. Nokudaro, rudzi rweLeghorn rwakazvarwa.

Kumadokero, shiri idzi, kusanganisira jongwe, dzakawana mukurumbira, uye kubva pakupera kwezana remakore rechi20, rudzi urwu rwakaunzwa kunyika yedu. Shiri idzi dzinoonekwa sehuku dzakanaka dzinokandira, asi chechenya mazai zvakaipa, uye naizvozvo nzira yekuberekesa rudzi nerubatsiro rwehuku dzehuku haizoshandi.

Nayo pachayo, rudzi rwehuku nemajongwe rine shiri diki uye dzakapfava dzine mavara akasiyana-siyana - mashava, matema uye fawn. Huku yakakura inogona kusvika kurema makirogiramu maviri, uye kuyaruka kunoitika kubva pazera remwedzi mina. Mugore anokwanisa kuputsa anenge mazana maviri mazaiyakafukidzwa nedense shell yemumvuri wakachena pasina kuvapo kwemavara.

Huku dzose dzerudzi urwu dzinorarama zvakanaka zvikuru - chikamu che95% chemazai ari muincubator anoberekeswa. Majongwe eLeggorn nehuku anodya zvine mwero - gumi nemaviri mazai anoda 1,5 kg yekudya kudyiwa. Michinjikwa michena inokandira mazai kakawanda kupfuura mamwe.

ChiRussian chinobereka zai jena

Mushure mekuonekwa kwerudzi rweLeggorn muRussia, dzimba dzepachivande, pamwe nekugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri, dzakatanga kusanganisa shiri idzi nemhando dzehuku nehuku. Mugumisiro wekuedza kwakadaro kwaiva kuonekwa kweRussia White rudzi. Rudzi urwu rwakazobvumidzwa muna 1953.

Bird Data zvakasiyana nemamwe mazinga Sezvinotevera:

• Musoro muduku wakagadzirwa zvakanaka;
• Muzinga mukuru wakaita seshizha;
• Nzeve chena;
• Chipfuva chakafara mberi;
• Muviri wakareba uye dumbu rakakura;
• Dense uye zvakanaka mapapiro;
• Makumbo ari pakati nepakati haana kuvharwa neminhenga;
• Manhenga ane mavara machena.

Majongwe nehuku dzerudzi urwu zvinoonekwa nekusazvibata mukuchengeta nekudyisa. Shiri idzi dzinonzi omnivorous uye dzinosvika huremu hunosvika 1,8 kg. Majongwe anorema kudarika huku (anenge 2,5 kg). Uremu hwezai hunopfuura 50 gramu, uye pagore shiri inotakura kusvika mazai mazana matatu.

Oryol oviparous

Mhando iyi ndiyo yekare kudarika muRussia, sezvo rudzi urwu rwakazvarwa mazana maviri emakore apfuura. Hapana anoziva nezvekwakabva Oryol shiri, asi vapfuri vakaratidza kuti madzitateguru avo Iranian huku nemajongwe.

Rudzi rweOryol rwehuku rwunosiyaniswa neanotevera maitiro:

• Yakasimudzwa torso pamakumbo ane simba uye akakwirira;
• Dehenya rinosiyaniswa nehupamhi occipital bone;
• Muromo wakakombama uye unopinza;
• Iyo crest idiki uye yakarembera pasi ine vhudzi shoma pairi;
• Shiri ine ndebvu nendebvu;
• Ruvara rweminhenga runogona kusiyana kubva kune rutsvuku kusvika kune ruchena;
• Kugadzirwa kwemazai - anenge 200 zvidimbu pagore.

Ukrainian earflaps

Rudzi urwu rwehuku nemajongwe rwuri pakati peshiri dzinokandira mazai dzakawanda. Zita rerudzi urwu rinobva pakuti nzeve dzadzo dzakavharwa bvudzi rakapfava, sengowani. Main Hunhu hwehunhu hwerudzi urwu rwehuku nemajongwe ndeiyi:

• Musoro wejongwe nehuku wakakura zviri pakati nepakati;
• Muzinga wakaita seshizha repinki;
• Nzeve dzakapendwa zvitsvuku uye dzakafukidzwa nemativi;
• Muromo muduku uye wakakombama;
• Mutsipa mupfupi uye wakananga kumashure, izvo zvinofananidzira zvese roosters uye huku;
• Makumbo haana kuvharwa neminhenga;
• Ruvara rweminhenga dema-tsvuku kana tsvuku-tsvuku.

Rudzi urwu rwehuku nemajongwe haazvirereki uye nekudaro, nekudyisa zvine mwero, vanogona kurema makirogiramu maviri (majongwe akakura). Mazai anosvika zana nemakumi matanhatu anogona kuwanikwa kubva kushiri imwe pagore. Zai rekutanga "Ukrainian earflaps" rinopa pazera remwedzi mishanu.

Huku yeHamburg

Mhando iyi yeshiri inoberekerwa muRussia nekuda kwekuwanda kwekugadzira mazai uye simba. Hamburg hens uye majongwe anozivikanwa minhenga yakanaka uye saizi diki. Chaizvoizvo, rudzi urwu rwehuku rwakapendwa ruchena. Shiri iyi inobereka mazai zana nemakumi manomwe pagore, uye chikamu che170% chehuku dzinorarama kana dzichichochonywa.

Carpathian greenleg

Pamutemo, rudzi urwu rwakanyoreswa pakutanga kwezana remakore rapfuura muPoland. Shiri yakanaka kwazvo pakuonekwa - chikamu chikuru chemuviri (dumbu, zvidya nechipfuva) chakafukidzwa neminhenga yakasviba, uye imwe yose yakatsvuka. Majongwe emhando iyi anogara achitaridzika zvakanyanya kupfuura huku. Mane anopenya orenji, crest yakatsvuka, uye makumbo akasvibira.

Carpathian greenlegs yakagadzirira kukandira mazai nemwedzi mitanhatu yebudiriro. Mugore rudzi urwu rwehuku inotakura 180 mazai. Iko kunenge kusina cholesterol mumazai erudzi urwu rwehuku nemajongwe. Ndicho chikonzero chigadzirwa ichi chinobatsira zvikuru kumunhu.

Nzira yekuziva sei hen yakakwana yekukandira?

Kana iwe uchida kusarudza rudzi rwakanaka rwehuku uye jongwe, unofanirwa kutarisisa kutaridzika uye maitiro eshiri. Kana jongwe nehuku dzichifamba uye dzichidya chikafu, dzinosiyaniswa nemakumbo akaparadzana, saka iwe unofanirwa kuterera kune rudzi urwu rwehuku. Mukuwedzera, rudzi rwezai rehuku uye jongwe rakasiyana dumbu rakapfava uye mhete dzakajeka.

Zvakare, chimwe chinhu chekukandira huku ndeye pigmentation, iyo inonyangarika mukugadzirwa kwezai repamusoro.

Mumatsutso, murudzi rwakanaka rwehuku nemajongwe, goko reziso, nzvimbo inosvika zviuru mazana mashanu emakumbo nemuromo zvinocheneruka.

Kudyisa shiri dzakura

Huku inoonekwa seimwe yemhuka dzinodya dzinenge zvese uye dzinosiyaniswa nepfupi digestive turakiti. Chokutanga pane zvose, inofanira kudyiswa nekudya kwakanyanyisa, somuenzaniso, zviyo zvakafumiswa nemapuroteni emhuka uye zvinhu zvine nitrogenous.

Sekutonga, chikafu ichi chinofanira kuita 2/3 yekudya kweshiri, uye chetatu chasara chinotsaurirwa kune voluminous chikafu nenzira yemaminerari nemarara echikafu. Panguva yekuisa, shiri inoda kushandiswa kwe calcium yakawanda. Kana chikafu chiine huwandu husina kukwana hwechinhu ichi, anotanga kukwenya plaster kana mazai.

Munguva iyo kusvikira shiri ichikandira mazai, kudya kwayo kunofanira kusanganisira kubva muzviyo uye tsvina yezvokudya. Pakukandira mazai, zvakakosha kupa huku dzinokandira chikafu chemukomboni (inenge hafu yehuremu hwese).

Muzhizha, zvinokurudzirwa kufamba huku pane imwe nzvimbo yakakosha, uye munguva yechando inofanira kudyiswa nemidzi midzi, nettle uye clover upfu. Zvose izvi zvinofanira kupiwa kune shiri nenzira yekudziya mash mangwanani.

Chii chinofanira kuva imba yehuku?

Mushure mokunge murimi asarudza pamusoro pekusarudza kweshiri, unoda kutanga kuvaka aviaries kana matanga.

Chinodiwa chikuru inzvimbo yakakwana yeimba, ndosaka ichifanira kuve yakakura. Shiri inofanira kufamba yakasununguka pairi kana ichimukodzera. Kana varimi vachida kuchengeta huku munzvimbo dzisina kusununguka, ivo zvichave zvichiita kuita pasina masero. Muchiitiko ichi, unofanirwa kugadzirira mapeji akagadzikana umo shiri inokandira mazai.

Mamiriro akaenzana akakosha kuchena kwenzvimbo, sezvo pathogenic mabhakitiriya anogona kukura mune yakasviba imba yehuku.

Tembiricha iri muchirugu chehuku inofanira kuchengetedzwa inosvika +200. Kuti irege kuderera, imba yacho inofanira kunge yakanyatsovharidzirwa - jira remubhedha rinoiswa pasi, uye mapuranga anokosha anosungirirwa pamahwindo.

Iwe unofanirwawo kutarisira mhepo yakanaka, nokuti nemhepo ine tsvina, shiri dzinogona kuwana zvirwere zvekufema. Zvingave zvakanaka kufefetedza chikwere chehuku mazuva ese.