Epilepsy mumbwa - zvese nezve pfari, zvikonzero uye kurapwa
Mukati
Imbwa dzinogona kuva nepfari here?
Ichi ndicho chimwe chezvinowanzozivikanwa zvekuongororwa muimbwa dzine pfari. Panogona kuva nezvikonzero zvakawanda zvekukura kwekugumburwa - zvinopfuura makumi mana ekuongororwa kwakasiyana-siyana kunoperekedzwa nekugumburwa, imwe yacho ipfari. Kazhinji, kupindirana kwemasero muuropi kunobva pane zvisina simba zvemagetsi. Nepfari, inovhiringidzwa - yakanyanyisa simba rekukurudzira rinogadzirwa muuropi.
Kutarisana nekuzununguka, zviri nani kukurumidza kuona chiremba.
Kurwiswa kwepfari kunoenderera neimwe nhevedzano:
prodromal period - nguva inotanga maawa mashomanana kana mazuva asati abatwa chaizvo. Panguva ino, mufambiro wembwa unogona kuchinja: mhuka haina kugadzikana, kunetseka.
Aura – Precursor of convuls. Kuchinja kwemagetsi kwakatotanga muuropi, asi hapana kuratidzwa kwekunze. Nokudaro, chikamu ichi chinogona kusimbiswa chete pakuita electroencephalography - EEG.
Kurohwa – kugwinha chaiko. Kazhinji haapfuuri maminitsi mashanu.
posttal period - kudzorerwa kweuropi. Imbwa munguva ino inogona kufamba isina kugadzikana, kuongororazve nyika - kufembedza zvose, kuongorora.
Izvo zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti pfari pfari mumbwa inoitika nekutadza kuziva kubva padiki diki disorientation kusvika pakoma.
Dzimwe nguva kupera kunoitika, kunoratidzwa nekudonha kamwe kamwe kwemhuka kana kungopera, chipfuyo chinomira kupindura kune zvinokurudzira. Zviratidzo zvakadaro zvepfari mumbwa zvinogona kuva zvakaoma kuziva kunyange kune ane ruzivo rweurologist.
Mhando dzepfari
Parizvino, kune marudzi akawanda epfari:
Idiopathic kana chokwadi;
Chimiro kana chiratidzo;
Cryptogenic;
Reactive.
Ngatimbokurukurai mumwe wavo zvizere.
Idiopathic pfari
Chikonzero che idiopathic pfari inoonekwa se congenital genetic pathology. Nekudaro, paiyo genetic level, izvi zvakangoratidzwa muLagotto Romagnolo imbwa. Rudzi urwu rwakaonekwa neprotein rinokonzeresa pfari uye, semhedzisiro, pane ongororo yemajini inogona kusimbisa kuongororwa kwechokwadi.
Iyo Rhodesian Ridgeback zvakare ine genetic test yemyoclonic pfari (maratidziro azvinoita achatsanangurwa pazasi). Mune mamwe marudzi, chirwere chinonzi polygenic (majini mazhinji anokonzera chirwere) uye kuongororwa kunoitwa pamusana pekushayikwa kwezvimwe zvikonzero zvinokonzera kukura.
Pfari yechokwadi inogona kuitika chete mumhuka kubva pamwedzi mitanhatu kusvika pamakore matanhatu. Asi kazhinji kuratidzwa kwekutanga kunotanga kubva pa6 kusvika kumakore matatu.
Mhando iyi yepfari, zvinosuruvarisa, hairapike, asi zvinokwanisika kudzora chirwere ichi uye kuderedza kudzoka kwepfari.
Structural pfari
Mune dzimwe nzvimbo, inonzi symptomatic. Zvinoitika zvichipesana nekumashure kwechero structural anomalies muuropi. Semuyenzaniso, kuzvarwa anatomical chimiro kana kuwana shanduko muchimiro cheuropi, kureva, neoplasms, vascular defects, cicatricial shanduko muuropi, kuunganidzwa kwehuwandu husina kujairika hwemvura muuropi, kana kukanganisa.
Zvese izvi zvinokonzeresa zvinokonzeresa kusagadzikana kwemetabolism mutsishu yetsinga uye, semhedzisiro, kubatwa.
Kana iyo structural anomaly ikabviswa, kugwinha kunogona kumira.
Cryptogenic pfari
Cryptogenic epilepsy imhando yechirwere chinonetsa kuona. Zvisinei, kufanana nepfari yechokwadi, chikonzero chacho hachigoni kuzivikanwa. Hazvisi kubviswa kuti izvi zvinokonzerwa nekushaikwa kwedzimwe nzira dzekutsvagisa uye dzakarurama. Kuongororwa kunotangwa kana mhuka yacho isingasviki maitiro echokwadi chepfari. Semuyenzaniso, kana convulsive syndrome yakagadzirwa mumwana asati asvika mwedzi mitanhatu yezera kana, zvakasiyana, mune imbwa yakakura.
Zvinyorwa zvakawanda zvinocherechedzawo kuti rudzi urwu rwembwa yepfari inogona kuva yakaoma kurapa uye kufungidzira kwechirwere ichi kwakangwarira.
Reactive pfari
Iyi fomu yepfari inoonekwa seine mamiriro, sezvo iyo convulsive syndrome inoitika kuseri kwechiito chechero chepfu kana metabolic kusagadzikana. Inowanzokura inopesana nemashure echiropa kana chirwere chetsvo. Muchiitiko ichi, kugwinha kunogona kuitika, sezvo zvinhu zvakawanda zvine chepfu zvinoungana mumuviri wembwa.
Muvana vaduku, kunyanya mumarudzi maduku, nekutsanya kwenguva pfupi, hypoglycemia inokura (mamiriro ezvinhu apo glucose mumuviri inodonha zvakanyanya), izvo zvinozotungamirira ku convulsive syndrome. Kana, semuenzaniso, chigwere chinoyamwisa chinogona kushaya calcium kana paine zvishoma zvayo mukudya. Chirwere ichi chinoitikawo nekugwinha.
Nekugadzwa uye kubviswa kwechikonzero, kufanotaura kwakanaka.
Mhando dzepfari pfari
Kune marudzi maviri makuru epfari pfari - focal uye generalized.
A focal epileptic seizure (kana kuti chidimbu) inoratidzirwa nekuonekwa kwepfari kudivi rimwe chete, sezvo chikamu chimwe chete chehuropi ndicho chinobatwa. Muchiitiko ichi, kuziva kwemhuka kunogona kuchengetedzwa zvishoma. Chero kudhonzwa kwetsandanyama, kumedzerera mate kusingaite, kudzika kwemwana, nezvimwewo zvinoitika kune rimwe divi chete. Kubatwa nepfari zvishoma kunogona kuitikawo zvakwo.
A generalized epileptic seizure inobata ese ari maviri hemispheres yehuropi uye inogona kucherechedzwa mumhando dzakasiyana siyana:
tonic convulsions inoratidzwa nekukakavadzana kwemisumbu. Kazhinji izvi zvinoratidzwa nekurerekera musoro, kutambanudza chipfuva nemakumbo nemakumbo.
Clonic convulsions zvinoonekwa nekukandira tsandanyama kakawanda. Izvi zvinonyanya kucherechedzwa mumamhasuru emuzoro, sezvo mhuka inotanga kudzvanya mazino ayo kana kuita mafambiro ekushambira.
Clonic-tonic inoratidzirwa nekusiyana kwakasanganiswa kwemhando mbiri dzekubatwa.
Myoclonic seizures batanidza boka retsandanyama rimwe. Nekuzununguka uku, kuziva, sekutonga, hakunetseki.
Absance zvakaoma kuongorora, nokuti hapana kubatwa panguva ino, mhuka inoratidzika sechando kwekanguva, kupindira kwekunze kwekunze kunopera. Panguva imwecheteyo, basa remagetsi rine simba rinoitika mumusoro wake.
Atonic pfari - Mamiriro apo musuru toni inorasika kwenguva pfupi.
Zvinokonzera pfari mumbwa
Kune chekutanga (kana chekuzvarwa) uye chechipiri (chakawanikwa) zvikonzero zvepfari.
Rudzi rwekutanga, sezvingabvira, rwunoparidzirwa padanho re genetic. Nzira chaidzo dzekusashanda zvakanaka kwehuropi dzinowanzogara dzisingazivikanwe, dzinenge 55-60% yemhuka dzakadaro. Izvi zvinowanzoita hunhu hweidiopathic uye cryptogenic pfari.
Zvikonzero zvechipiri ndizvo zvinhu zvinobata uropi nekuzviparadza, zvinoti:
Tumors muuropi;
meningitis uye encephalitis (kuzvimba zvirwere zveuropi);
Hemorrhages uye thromboses muhutano hwehuropi;
Sequelae yekukuvara kwehuropi hunotyisa;
Migumisiro yekudhakwa;
Congenital anomalies mukukura kwehuropi;
Zvirwere zvemukati nhengo uye zvirwere zve endocrinological zvinotungamirira kumatambudziko emagetsi.
Izvi zvinokonzeresa zvinokonzeresa kukura kweiyo structural kana reactive pfari.
Mapoka ane njodzi
Mhuka dzinotevera dzinofarirwa nepfari: golden retriever, labrador retriever, poodle (nemarudzi adzo akasanganiswa - toy poodles, maltipoo), border collie, cocker spaniel, rough collie, hombe swiss mountain dog, keeshond, beagle, Irish wolfhound, german shepherd. , dachshund, lagotto romagnolo, Irish setter, rhodesian ridgeback.
Zvakare panjodzi dzinza rebrachycephalic senge pugs, French bulldogs, uye chihuahuas. Mhuka idzi dzine mukana wekuita pfari yechimiro pane idiopathic pfari, nekuda kwekuti dzine muromo wakafuratira, chimiro chedehenya chisina kujairika, uye uropi hunomanikidzwa, izvo zvinotungamira mukuchengetwa kwemvura muuropi uye intracranial pressure.
Mhuka dzinenge dzakuvara mumusoro dziri panjodziwo.
Epilepsy Zviratidzo muImbwa
Chiratidzo chikuru uye zviratidzo zvepfari zvinogona kunge zviri kudzokorora kubatwa. Panguva imwecheteyo, imbwa dzinomira kunzwa uye kuona kwenguva pfupi, maziso avo anova magirazi, uye haapinduri kune nhare dzemuridzi. Panguva yekuvhiringidza, panogona kunge kune kusununguka kusingadiwi, kunyura, kunyura.
Asi muridzi wacho haasi nguva dzose anokwanisa kuziva pfari. Kumwe kuzununguka kunoitika nekuzununguka kwemhasuru dzemuzzle chete, kunyanya munzvimbo yemiromo nemeso, panogona kunge paine grin, kutsenga kana kurira kwenzeve.
Kuchinja kwemaitiro kusati kwaitika uye mushure mekudengenyeka kwechirwere kunoratidzwa nenzira yekutya, utsinye, kutya mumbwa. Izvi zvinoratidzwa mukuhwihwidza kushingaira, kufamba mudenderedzwa, mhuka inogona kutarisa-tarisa nekuchema. Dzimwe nguva kune kufamba kusina kugadzikana, uye kubva kunze kunoratidzika kuti imbwa hainzwisisi kuti iri kupi. Anogona kusaziva muridzi wacho kwenguva yakati pashure pokugwinha, ohukura muridzi uye kumurega ari pedyo naye.
Diagnostics
Kuongororwa kwechirwere kwakakura uye kunoitwa mumatanho:
Kuunganidza nhoroondo yakazara yemhuka: kutsvaga kuti kubatwa kunoitika sei, kuti mhuka inonzwa sei shure kwavo, kana hama dzembwa dzine zviratidzo zvakafanana.
Izvo zvinodikanwa kunyatso ongorora mhuka, kuongorora mafungiro uye maitiro kune ekunze kukurudzira, kuona chiyero chekuziva, kuyera BP, tembiricha, nezvimwe.
Vanotorawo kuongororwa ropa: general uye biochemical. Kana pfari ichifungidzirwa, maprofiles epamusoro anosarudzwa kuongorora ma electrolyte, mazinga eglucose, uye zvakakosha kuti pasave nechirwere chechiropa. Nokuda kweizvi mimwe miedzo inotorwa ye bile acids, ammonia. Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) uye thyroxine (T4) kuti ibvise matambudziko ethyroid.
Kuongororwa ne polymer chain reaction (PCR) kusabvisa zvirwere zvehutachiona (semuenzaniso, canine distemper, toxoplasmosis).
Nhanho yekupedzisira yekuongorora ndeye magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) yeuropi nekusiyana, kuongororwa kwecerebrospinal fluid. Izvi zvinodikanwa kusabvisa zvikonzero zvinotapukira kana zvechimiro mukukura kwekubatwa.
Electroencephalography (EEG) mumishonga yemhuka inzira yakaoma, sezvo kana mhuka ichiziva, ipapo zvikanganiso zvakawanda zvinoitika. Nekudaro, kana ikabudirira, zvinokutendera iwe kuwana pfari yekutarisa.
Kurapa kwepfari mumbwa
Kurapa kwepfari mumbwa, zvinotevera zvinodhaka uye zvinodhaka kubva kuboka reanticonvulsants zvinoshandiswa:
Levetiracetam (Keppra uye analogues);
Phenobarbital (muRussia pasi pezita rekutengeserana Pagluferal);
Kugadzirira kunobva potassium bromide;
Zonisamide (zita rekutengeserana Zonegran - rakatorwa kubva kuJapan, saka harina kushandiswa zvakanyanya muRussia).
Mishonga yakanyorwa ndiyo yekutanga sarudzo mishonga. Zvinhu zviviri zvekutanga zvinonyanya kushandiswa. Gabapentin inogona kushandiswa se adjuvant therapy. Asi dzimwe nguva imbwa dzinoramba dzichiramba, vanachiremba vanogona kuwedzera dosages, kushandura mushonga, kana kusanganisa akati wandei anticonvulsants. Nekuvandudzwa kwe epistatus (mamiriro ezvinhu apo mhuka inopinda pakarepo kubva kune imwe kurwisa kuenda kune imwe kana kurwisa kunotora maminitsi anopfuura 5), imbwa inoiswa muchipatara pasi pekutarisirwa kwechiremba. Mukuwirirana, diuretics inogona kushandiswa mukurapa kudzivirira cerebral edema. Kana imbwa ingadai yakadya chepfu inokanganisa hurongwa hwetsinga, ipapo mishonga yekurapa (antidotes) uye kurapa kwakanangana nekubvisa kudhakwa kunoshandiswa zvakare. Semuenzaniso, kana iwe uchifungidzira chimiro kana reactive chimiro chepfari.
Kurapa kwepfari mumbwa kunofanira kurongerwa neveterinary neurologist. Izvo zvinodikanwa kwete chete kusarudza iyo yakaderera inoshanda dosage, asiwo kuongorora huwandu hweropa mune ramangwana. Saka, semuenzaniso, kana uchiraira phenobarbital, veterinarians pasina kukundikana vanokurudzira kutarisa chiyero cheropa, sezvo chinhu ichi chinoburitswa nechiropa, uye mune dzimwe mhuka, madhigirii akajairwa haatungamirire pakuputsika, sezvo chiropa chinokurumidza kumisa mushonga.
Kuzvibvisa kwezvinodhaka zvakare hazvigamuchirwi, sezvo chirwere chinouraya chepfari chinogona kukura, nokuti zvinodhaka zvine maitiro ekuwedzera, kunyange kuiswa kwemazinga akakwirira, hazvikubvumiri kuti ubvise simba rakasimba remagetsi muuropi.
Chii chandinofanira kuita kana imbwa yangu iine pfari?
Chokutanga pane zvose, zvakakosha kuti usakanganiswa nemuridzi.
Zvakakosha kuisa mhuka munzvimbo yakachengeteka, ndiko kuti, kuiisa pasi, kubva pamakona akapinza kana zvinhu zvinogona kurohwa.
Kana zvichiita, dzikamisa mwenje uye kuderedza ruzha (dzima TV, mimhanzi, magetsi epamba ane ruzha).
Panguva chaiyo yekurwiswa, haugone kubatsira mhuka nenzira ipi neipi, kuedza kuburitsa rurimi kana kugadzirisa chipfuyo hachingoita zvisina musoro, asi chinogona kutungamira mukushungurudzika kwemuridzi nemhuka. .
Zvingave zviri nani kana iwe uchikwanisa kubata kurwiswa kwevhidhiyo. Ichi chinyorwa chinodzidzisa zvakanyanya kuna chiremba wemhuka. Kana kurwiswa kukava epistatus, ipapo mhuka inofanira kukurumidza kuendeswa kukiriniki.
pfari mumambwanana
Vana vevana vanobatwawo nepfari, asi kuti vaone kuti vane pfari, zvimwe zvirwere zvakawanda uye zvinhu zvinogona kutungamirira kuchirwere ichi zvinofanira kubviswa. Kazhinji, kubatwa kwembwa kunoitika nekuda kwekushaikwa kweglucose mumuviri, kuderera kwekarusiyamu kana potasium, kana mukupindura kune imwe mhando yehupfu. Pfari inowanzoonekwa muvana kubva pamwedzi mitanhatu yekuberekwa, asi kuongororwa kunogona kuitwa kare kana zvimwe zvikonzero zvekuputsika zvikabviswa.
Imbwa dzine pfari dzinogara kwenguva yakareba sei?
Mune zvimwe zvinyorwa, pane nhamba - makore manomwe, asi hapana chisimbiso chaicho cheizvi. Kubva pakuita, zvinogona kutaurwa kuti imbwa dzinogona kurarama kwenguva yakareba kubva panguva yekuongororwa. Chikonzero chekukura kwepfari chichakanganisa tarisiro yehupenyu hwechipfuwo.
Mune reactive uye symptomatic pfari, zvakakosha kuona honzeri uye kurapwa kana ichipora. Izvo zvakakoshawo kana chirwere ichi chazviratidza, uye nei frequency convulsions inoitika. Iyo yakawanda inowanzoitika, yakasimba uye yakareba kurwiswa, zvakanyanya kuipa kwekufungidzira. Zvichave zvakakoshawo kuti varidzi vanozadzisa sei zvakatemwa nachiremba. Imbwa dzinogona kurarama hupenyu hurefu uye hunofadza nekurapa kwakakodzera uye matanho ekudzivirira kudzivirira kubatwa.
dziviriro
Mukutaura kwekudzivirira, tinogona chete kudzivirira imbwa kubva mukukuvara uye chepfu.
Nokudaro, zvinokurudzirwa kupfeka muzzle uye leash yekufamba kuitira kuti imbwa isatora chero chinhu, uye njodzi yekupukunyuka, iyo inowanzokonzera kukuvara, inofanirawo kuderedzwa.
Inokurudzirwa kuchengetedza mhuka kubva pakupisa muzhizha, kunyanya kune marudzi ebracheocephalic uye mazamu ane undercoat yakataurwa. Zvinonyanya kukosha kuziva kuti kana paine kukuvara kwemusoro, kukurumidza kushanya kukiriniki kunoratidzwa kuitira kuderedza mhedzisiro, zvinogoneka cerebral edema.
Zvinokwanisika kudzivirira pfari yechokwadi chete panguva yekuberekesa. Muridzi dzimwe nguva haatombofungi nezvekuvapo kwekuongororwa kwakadaro mumutsara wemhuka, saka pano mutoro mukuru uri kune mufudzi, uyo anofanira kunyatsosarudza imbwa dzekuberekesa.
Care
Mushure mekurwiswa, zvakakosha kutaura nemhuka, nezwi rakanyarara, edza kuidzikamisa kana yakanyanyisa.
Kutarisira kunofanira kutorwa, imbwa inogona kutya, sezvo kuziva mushure mekurwisa kunovhiringidzika uye haisi nguva dzose kuziva muridzi wacho pakarepo.
Hazvidikanwi kupa zvinodhaka kana mvura panguva yekurwisa kana pakarepo mushure.
Sezvo chiito chekumedza chinogona kukanganisa. Izvi zvinongokonzera kuti chinhu chacho chifemerwe kana kukonzera kukuvara kumaoko emunhu akapfeka paanenge achiedza kuvhura shaya. Ndicho chikonzero mukiriniki vanachiremba vanobaya zvinhu zvose netsinga kana rectally.
Gadzirisa zuva, nguva uye nguva yekurwiswa, nyora pasi kuti ndezvipi zviito zvakatorwa pamberi pekurwisa. Ruzivo rwese urwu ruchabatsira chiremba wako uye iwe unoziva chinokonzeresa chinogona kukonzera, mushure meizvozvo kubatwa kunotanga. Izvi zvinoderedza kuwedzera kugumbuka.
Kana kubatwa kwembwa kuri pasi pekutonga, hapana kukanganisa mukutora mishonga, saka haifaniri kutarisirwa kuwedzera.
pfupiso
Epilepsy chirwere chinowanzoitika mumhuka dzinovaraidza. Kubatwa nepfari ndicho chiratidzo chikuru chepfari mumbwa. Asi haisi pfari yese ipfari yechokwadi.
Kuti ugadzire iyo chaiyo uye yekupedzisira kuongororwa, zvinodikanwa kupedzisa nhanho imwe neimwe yekuongororwa kuitira kuti ugozonyora kurapa kwakaringana. Kuzvirapa kana kutadza kutevedzera zvinokurudzirwa nachiremba kunogona kutungamirira kurufu rwechipfuwo.
Kana imbwa yako iine pfari, woiisa parutivi payo pasi uye tepi yevhidhiyo zvese. Kuedza kubata kana kukwira mumuromo hazvina kukodzera, izvi zvinongotungamirira kumatambudziko nekukuvara.
Kana kugwinha kwacho kuchitora maminetsi anopfuura mashanu kana kudzoka, zvino kukurumidza kuendesa imbwa kukiriniki uye kuiisa muchipatara kusvikira mamiriro acho agadzikana.
Nepfari, mhuka inogona kurarama hupenyu hurefu uye hunofadza, asi migumisiro yekuongorora uye kushandiswa kwakarurama kwezvose zvinorayirwa nachiremba kunokanganisa kufungidzira.
Muvhidhiyo unogona kuona kuti pfari inotaridzika sei mumbwa.
Mhinduro kumibvunzo inowanzo bvunzwa
Sources:
Nhungamiro Inoshanda kuCanine uye Feline Neurology, 3rd Edition, Curtis W.Dewey, Ronaldo C. da Costa, 2015
Handbook of Veterinary Neurology, Yechina Edition, Michael D. Lorenz, Joe N. Kornegay, 2004
Neurology yembwa nekatsi, S. Crisman, K. Mariani, S. Platt, R. Clemons, 2016.
Ungazvidyawo Like
Imbwa ine chikwekwe. Kuita sei?
Chii chandinofanira kuita kana mazino embwa yangu akasununguka?
