Green Woodpecker: tsananguro yechitarisiko, chikafu, kubereka uye mufananidzo

Mumasango akavhenganiswa uye anodonha eEurope, shiri huru dzine chipfeko chakaisvonaka dzinogara - miti yakasvibirira. Ivo havapo chete munzvimbo dzinogarwa ne tundra uye munharaunda yeSpain. MuRussia, shiri dzinogara muCaucasus uye kumadokero kwenharaunda yeVolga. Mune akati wandei ezvidzidzo zveRussian Federation, iyo green woodpecker yakanyorwa muRed Book.

Tsanangudzo yechitarisiko uye izwi regirini huni

Muviri wepamusoro nemapapiro eshiri ane ruvara rwemuorivhi-ruvara, rezasi rakajeka rakasvibira kana rakasvibira-grey rine mitsetse yakasviba (inoratidzwa).

Pasi pemuromo wegudo pane minhenga yakaita kunge ndebvu. Pamunhukadzi itema, kuvarume itsvuku ine muganhu mutema. Vane chivharo chitete cheminhenga mitsvuku inopenya kuseri kwemusoro wavo nepamusoro pemisoro yavo. Mberi nhema yemusoro weshiri nechekumashure kwematama egirinhi nepamusoro dzvuku inoita kunge “black mask”. Mhuni dzakasvibira dzine muswe weyero-girinhi kumusoro uye muromo we lead-grey.

Varume nevakadzi vanosiyana chete paruvara rwendebvu. Mushiri dzisati dzayaruka, “ndebvu” hadzina kukura. Vana vadiki vane maziso egrey, ukuwo vakura vari bluish-white.

Woodpeckers vane makumbo mana uye nzwara dzakapinza dzakakombama. Nebetsero yadzo, dzinobatirira zvakasimba pagwati romuti, nepo muswe uchishanda setsigiro yeshiri.

vhoti

Kuenzaniswa negrey woodpecker munhu wegirini ane izwi rakapinza uye rinoratidzwa se "kuridza mhere" kana "kuseka". Shiri dzinoita ruzha, glitch-glitch kana glue-glue ruzha. Kushushikana kwakanyanya pasyllable yechipiri.

Shiri dzemhando mbiri dzese dzinofona gore rose, uye repertoire yadzo haina kusiyana kubva kune imwe neimwe. Pakuimba, hapana chinoshanduka pakukwidza kwenzwi. Iyo yegirini yehuni inenge isingambotendi uye haiwanzoite sando miti.

Mapikicha akanaka: Green woodpecker

Kuvhima uye kudya

Green woodpeckers ishiri dzinodya zvikuru. Dzakawanda, dzinodya majuru, zvinova zvinonaka zvikuru.

Kusiyana nemamwe marudzi ehuni, vanhu ava vanozvitsvakira chikafu kwete pamiti, asi pasi. Yawana chisvosve, shiri iyi, nerurimi rwayo runonamira rwemasendimita gumi, inobvisa majuru nezvipukanana zvawo pauri.

Vanonyanya kudya:

• masvosve erudzi Formica, Lasius uye masvosve emasango matsvuku;
• hozhwa, makonye erukodzi, makonye emapuranga, makonye;
• nyuchi dzinobatwa pedyo nemikoko dzakaturikwa musango;
• kudya kwemiriwo, izvo zvavanodya zvishoma, kusarudza michero yakawa yemurubheri, mazambiringa, sweet cherry, cherry, persimmon, pear, apple tree. Vanogona kutanha ma berries nemhodzi.

Mumwaka unotonhora, apo sinou inowira uye masvosve anovanda pasi pevhu, achitsvaka zvokudya, miti yakasvibira yehuni inoputika nomumakomba ari muchando. Vari kutsvaga zvipembenene zvinorara mumakona akasiyana akahwanda. Mukuwedzera, munguva yechando, shiri nokuzvidira kutanha mabheri akaomeswa nechando yew uye rowan.

Kubereka

Pakupera kwegore rokutanga rehupenyu, miti yemiti yakasvibirira inotanga kubereka. Mukono nehadzi vanopedza nguva yechando vakaparadzana. Uye munaFebruary, vanotanga kufara kwewanano, iyo inosvika pakakwirira mukutanga kwaApril.

Vose varume nevakadzi vanotarisa kufara zvikuru muchirimo. Dzinobhururuka kubva pabazi kuenda kune rimwe uye dzinoshambadza nzvimbo yakasarudzwa nokuda kwedendere nokushevedzera kukuru uye nguva nenguva. Kusiyana nemamwe mahuni, kuridza ngoma hakuwanzoitiki.

Pakutanga kwemwaka wekubatana, shiri dzinoimba mangwanani, uye kusvika kumagumo - manheru. Kunyangwe mushure mekubatana kwezwi kwemukadzi nemurume, basa ravo harimire. Chekutanga shiri dzinodanidzira kune imwe neimwe, voswedera pedyo vobata nemuromo wavo. Aya ma caress anoguma nekusangana. Kusati kwaita mahwekwe, murume ane tsika yokudyisa mukadzi.

Vaviri vanoumbwa kwemwaka mumwe chete. Zvisinei, nekuda kwekunamatira kweshiri kune rimwe dendere, vanhu vamwe chete ava vanogona kusangana zvakare gore rinouya. Mune izvi vanosiyana kubva kune grey-vhudzi-huni, avo vanorarama hupenyu hwekutama-tama kunze kwemwaka wekuberekesa uye vanowanzochinja nzvimbo dzekugara. Green woodpeckers musabva munyika yavo uye usabhururuke kubva kunzvimbo dzekugara kwehusiku kweanopfuura makiromita mashanu.

Kurongeka kwematendere

Shiri dzinofarira mhango yekare, inogona kushandiswa kusvika makore gumi kana kupfuura akatevedzana. Kazhinji kacho, mapuranga akasvibira anovaka dendere idzva kure neasingasviki mazana mashanu emamita kubva gore rapfuura.

Shiri dzose dziri mbiri dzinorovera mhango, asi kazhinji, hongu, hono.

Iyo gomba inogona kuwanikwa padivi rebazi kana muhunde, pakureba kwemamita maviri kusvika gumi kubva pasi. Muti weshiri unosarudzwa une pakati wakaora kana wakafa. Kazhinji, softwoods anoshandiswa kuvaka dendere, rakadai se:

• willow;
• Birch;
• beche;
• poplar.

Kureba kwedendere kunobva pamasendimita gumi nemashanu kusvika gumi nemasere, uye kudzika kunogona kusvika masendimita makumi mashanu. Gomo rinowanzoita masendimita manomwe pakufara. Basa remarara rinoitwa nehupfu hwehuni. Zvinotora mavhiki maviri kusvika mana kuvaka dendere idzva.

Green woodpecker huku

Mazai eshiri anokandwa kubva mukupera kwaKurume kusvika Chikumi. Nhamba yemazai mune imwe clutch inogona kubva pamashanu kusvika masere. Vane chimiro chakatenderera uye goko rinopenya.

Shiri inogara padendere mushure mekukandira zai rekupedzisira. Incubation inotora mazuva gumi nemana kusvika gumi nemanomwe. Muvaviri vose vari vaviri vanogara padenderekuchinjana maawa maviri oga oga. Usiku, kazhinji kacho murume chete ndiye aripo mudendere.

Manhiyo anozvarwa anenge nguva imwe chete. Vabereki vose vari vaviri vanovachengeta. Mhuni dzakasvibirira dzinodyisa nhiyo kubva pamuromo kusvika pamuromo, dzichidzorera chikafu chaunzwa. Mhuka dzisati dzabva mudendere, vanhu vakuru vanozvibata muchivande, vasingapi huvepo hwavo nenzira ipi zvayo.

Pazuva remakumi maviri nematatu - makumi maviri nemanomwe ehupenyu, nhiyo dziri kutanga kukwezva uye nguva nenguva edza kubuda mudendere. Pakutanga dzinokambaira pamuti, dzobva dzatanga kubhururuka, nguva imwe neimwe dzichidzokera shure. Adzidza kubhururuka zvakanaka, mamwe anotevera hono, uye mamwe anotevera hadzi, ogara nevabereki vawo kwemamwe mavhiki manomwe. Mushure maizvozvi, mumwe nomumwe wavo anotanga hupenyu hwakazvimirira.

Zviri nyore kumurume wegudo mutema kunzwa pane kuona. Munhu upi noupi anoona kana kuti anonzwa iyi shiri inoimba yakaisvonaka achawana murangariro usingadzimiki uye inzwi retsinga yakasvibira harizovhiringidzwi nomumwe munhuwo zvake.