Mabikirwo ekudyisa tsuro muchando uye muzhizha

Kudyisa tsuro chirevo chehutano hwakanaka, kukura nekukurumidza uye kubereka kwemhuka dzinovaraidza. Nekuda kweizvi, mhuka dzinofanirwa kupihwa chikafu chakasiyana, chakaenzana uye chakakodzera.

Zvokudya uye simba rinodiwa netsuro

Kuti uverenge huwandu hunodiwa hwezuva nezuva hwekudya, faibha, mapuroteni, vhitamini uye zvicherwa zvekuwedzera zvakakosha kuti ipe mhuka dzinovaraidza nesimba, vanotora hurefu, zera, mamiriro etsuro (sucrose kana lactation). Kudya kunoenderanawo nemwaka. Kuti uderedze kurasikirwa nekupisa nekuda kwekudziya kwakaderera, munguva yechando iyo calorie yemukati menyu yetsuro inofanirwa kunge iri 15% yakakwirira kupfuura muzhizha.

Tsuro Chikafu Sarudzo

Vakakamurwa kuva mapoka anotevera:

• muto: makarotsi, mavise, fodder beet (shuga haina kukodzera), turnips, silage, turnips;
• mhuka: silkworm (pupa), mukaka usina mafuta, whey, buttermilk, bone meal, mafuta ehove;
• girini: dandelions, alfalfa, pwere, rhubarb, plantains, mamwe marudzi mazhinji akasiyana emunda uye meadow uswa;
• yakaoma: mashanga, deciduous uye coniferous matavi emiti, uswa kubva kumarimu uye zviyo;
• yakanyungudutswa: bran, yakazara kana yakapwanyika oats, keke, yakapwanyika zviyo zvezviyo (nenzira yeporridge kana yakanyoroveswa mumvura), zvese zvakasanganiswa chikafu (kunze kweiyo inoshandiswa kune shiri);
• tsvina yezvokudya: karoti uye mbatatisi peels, pasta, masupu akasiyana-siyana uye zviyo, chingwa chakaomeswa chakasviba kana chichena (zvakakosha kuti zvigadzirwa zvive zvitsva);
• vhitamini uye mineral supplements: choko, pfupa chikafu, munyu unodyiwa (inotsiva kushayikwa kweklorini uye sodium).

Mhando huru dzekudyisa tsuro

Nemhando yakasanganiswa yekudyisa tsuro, kudya kwemhuka kunoitwa nekusanganisa herbal, succulent, coarse, chikafu chemhuka uye zviyo zvinonangana muhukobvu kana hwemvura. Rudzi urwu rwekudya kwetsuro runoshandiswa zvakanyanya pamapurazi madiki, sezvo maitiro ekugadzira musanganiswa akaoma kugadzira uye kunyanya kushanda.

Iyo yakaoma mhando yekudya kwetsuro inoreva kuti mhuka dzinodyiswa neyakagadzirirwa-yakagadzirwa chikafu chekudya, icho muchimiro chavo chine zvese zvinodiwa: calcium, protein, phosphorus. Zvichienderana nezera rezera, chikafu chinogadzirirwa zvakasiyana kune mhuka diki nevakuru, uye nyika iyo tsuro dziri (kusangana, kuzorora, pamuviri, lactation) inotariswa zvakare. Chikafu chakasanganiswa chinodururwa muvanofudza kakawanda pavhiki.

Zvimiro zvezvokudya zvetsuro munguva yechando

Kusiyana nekudya kwezhizha, kunosanganisira kunyanya uswa uye miriwo, mumwaka unotonhora, tsuro dzinonyanya kudya uswa. Zvakakosha kuchengetedza anenge 40 kg yehuswa pamhuka. Inofanirwa kusanganisa madiki uye marefu mashizha euswa mukuumbwa kwayo, kuve nekunhuhwirira kwakasimba, kunonakidza uye kutsva. Huswa hwemhando yepamusoro hunenge hweyero kana hwegirini muruvara uye haufanire kunge huine huruva. Iyo ine zvidiki zvidiki zve clover, alfalfa uye rhubarb. Muchiitiko apo tsuro dzinodya uswa pasina chido, hupfu hushoma hunowedzerwa kwairi kana kunyoroveswa nemvura ine munyu.

Vhidhiyo - chikafu chetsuro huru:

Asi iwe haufanirwe kudzikamisa chikafu chemhuka kune ichi chigadzirwa chete, kunyangwe chiri chemhando yepamusoro pakuumbwa. Pamusoro payo, iwe unogona kupa pea hundi, uswa, akaomeswa hardwood matavi munaJune-Chikunguru. Matavi emuzambiringa nemaapuro ane mavhitamini akawanda, unogonawo kupa maple, pine, matavi emulberry anenge 100-150 gramu pazuva. Matavi eBirch haakurudzirwi nokuti ane simba rakaipa paitsvo uye ane diuretic effect. Cherries, plums, apricots, uye mamwe matavi emichero yematombo haafaniri kupiwa kutsuro, sezvo ine hydrocyanic acid.

Munguva yechando, inoda mavhitamini, mhuka dzichafarawo pabark uye tsono dzemiti yeconiferous (mukati mezviyero zvinonzwisisika). Dry acorns (anenge 50 gramu pazuva) inogona kushanda sechinhu chakanaka chekuwedzera kune kudya.

Menyu yechando yemhuka inogona kuitwa yakasiyana-siyana nekushandisa zviyo zvinodziya uye bran mashes pamwe nekuwedzera kwemvura inopisa. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti musanganiswa hausi kupisa zvakanyanya, sezvo tsuro dzinogona kutsva. Vanopawo chikafu chine muto: makarotsi, mbatatisi (isina maziso), fodder beet, maapuro, sauerkraut (100 g yemhuka diki uye 200 g yetsuro dzakura).

Chinwiwa chetsuro

Zvose munguva yechando nezhizha, tsuro dzinoda kunwa zvakawanda. Zviri nani kupisa mvura munguva yechando kuitira kuti varege kutambisa simba remukati remuviri pakudziya pakudziya kwakadzika. Inobvumirwawo kudya nechando chakachena, asi zvino unoda kuwedzera zvishoma kudya kwemazuva ose.

Menyu yechando yemhuka yakakura mune yakadzikama mamiriro inofanira kutaridzika seizvi:

• 150-200 g - chikafu chine muto, sirasi, midzi yezvirimwa;
• 130 g - uswa;
• 90 g - zviyo zvakanyanya;
• 1 g yemunyu uye choko;

Kudyisa tsuro panguva yekuzvitakura

Kana mumwaka unotonhora mhuka dzinovaraidza dzinochengetwa dzichidziya, dzakapihwa nekudya nguva dzose uye kwakaringana, dziine chiedza chakakwana pazuva, ipapo kubereka kwevakadzi kunenge kwakafanana mune mamwe mwaka. Vana munguva yechando vanowanzova neutano uye vakakura kudarika vana vezhizha.

Menyu yechando yemukadzi ane pamuviri, kuwedzera kune 1 g yechoko uye 1 g yemunyu unodyiwa, inofanira kusanganisira:

• 250-300 g - chikafu chinonaka, sirasi;
• 200-250 g - high quality uswa;
• 90 g - zviyo zvakanyanya;

Vakadzi vakamirira kuzadzazve vanodyiswa kanenge 3-5 kanomwe pazuva. Munhu anonwa anofanira kugara akazadzwa nemvura yakachena uye yakachena muhuwandu hweinenge 1 litre.

Kudya kwevakadzi panguva yekuyamwisa

Mukaka wetsuro unovaka muviri zvakanyanya, unopfuura mumafuta uye calcium kune wemombe. Tsuro inobereka inenge 50-200 g ye dense, sekrimu, mukaka pazuva, nekuda kwaanogona kudyisa avhareji ye8 tsuro. Kuti mukadzi ape mukaka wakawanda kudaro, anofanira kudya zvakanaka. Menyu yeamai vadiki kubva panguva iyo tsuro dzinozvarwa kusvika kumazuva gumi nematanhatu ekuyamwisa nguva inofanirwa kunge ine:

• 300 g - karoti kana sirasi;
• 250 g - uswa;
• 80 g - zviyo zvakanyanya;

Kubva pamazuva gumi nematanhatu kusvika panguva iyo vana vanotanga kudya chikafu chakasimba, pamwana wega wega mumwana, mukadzi anofanira kupihwazve:

• 20 g - zvokudya zvinonaka;
• 20 g - uswa;
• 7 g - zviyo zvakanyanya;

Kana mukadzi wacho achiri kudyisa vana uye atova nepamuviri zvakare, saka kudya kwake munguva yechando kunofanira kuva sezvinotevera:

• 200 g - zvokudya zvinonaka;
• 200 g - uswa;
• 70 g - zviyo zvakanyanya;

Zvinonyanya kukosha kuve nechokwadi chekuti tsuro yechikadzi inogara ine mvura yakakwana (kana chando) iripo, nekuti kazhinji nyota yakasimba inogona kuita kuti hadzi idye tsuro dzayo. Mvura inonyanya kukosha kana mhuka dzakaoma kudya (apo chete granular feed inoshandiswa). Hazvizove zvakanyanyisa kumukadzi mukupwanya kana mukadzi anoyamwisa kupa 5 g yemukaka wakakwana pazuva.

Zvinodiwa nevakuru

Nguva yekukora tsuro mumapurazi ega ega kazhinji inowira mumwaka wekuvhuvhu-yechando. Kupera simba kana kurwara, vanhu vakuru vakaraswa, mhuka duku pazera remwedzi 3-4 dzakakora. Nguva yekukora inotora inenge mwedzi, uye yakakamurwa kuva 3 nguva dzinogara dzinenge 7-10 mazuva imwe neimwe. Iwe unofanirwa kudyisa mhuka kanomwe pazuva, asi zviri nani kuvapa mukana wekuwana chikafu nguva dzose.

Munguva yekugadzirira kukora tsuro munguva yechando, iwe unofanirwa kusanganisira (pazuva):

• 100 g - midzi yemiriwo (turnips, karoti);
• 100 g - high quality uswa;
• 100 g - zviyo zvakanyanya;

Panguva huru:

• 100 g - mbatatisi yakabikwa negorosi bran;
• 100 g - uswa hwakanaka;
• 100 g - zviyo zvakanyanya;

Muchikamu chekupedzisira:

• 120 g - mbatatisi yakabikwa negorosi bran;
• 120 g - zviyo zvakanyanya;
• 100 g - matavi easpen, acacia, juniper, birch, willow;

Kana tsuro dzichidya pasina kushingairira, dzinopihwa mvura ine brackish zvishoma (pini yemunyu inowedzerwa kune 1 litre yemvura), uye panguva yechando chakanyanya, chando chidiki chine munyu chinoiswa mu feeder. Munguva yekupedzisira yekukora, apo mhuka dzinotanga kudya zvishoma nechido, kuwedzera chido chetsuro, maruva anonhuwira anowedzerwa kune inodziya mbatatisi ne bran: kumini, parsley, dill, chicory. Kana tsuro dzikadyiswa nemazvo uye muhuwandu hunodiwa, dzinokurumidza kuwedzera huremu, uye dzichafadza ziso remufudzi nemativi adzo akatenderedzwa uye elastic silky ganda.

Pasinei nokuti tsuro hadzina kunyanya kukoshesa, dzinoda kutarisirwa kwakakodzera uye kutarisirwa. Kushanda, mhuka dzinovaraidza dzine utano dzinogona kuunza muridzi ane hanya, kunze kwekugutsikana kwetsika, uyewo mari yakanaka.