Makwai erudzi rweRomanov: nhoroondo yekuonekwa, zvakanakira, zvisingabatsiri, kubereka uye kudyisa

Zvipfeko zvakanaka uye zvinodziya zvakakodzera nguva dzose. Zvose munguva dzekare uye nhasi, vanhu vanoedza kupfeka nenzira yakadai kuti varege kutonhora uye, panguva imwe chete, vanotaridzika zvakanaka. Imwe yemachira anodziya echisikigo anofarira kufarirwa kwakakodzera ndeye mvere.

Inoshandiswa mumhando mbiri: jira remvere uye mvere pachayo. Jira racho rinotorwa nemvere dzemakwai pachirukwa, uye mvere dzemakwai dzinopiwa vanhu nemakwai anopfuyiwa. Waol yakachena inoshandiswa kudziya mukati membatya neshangu. Iyo yakakwirira yemhando yemvere dzemakwai, iyo inonyanya kushanda uye inokwezva chigadzirwa chekupedzisira chichava.

Nhoroondo yerudzi rweRomanov

Mumamiriro ekunze anotonhora ekunze, kukosha kwekuwana mvere dzemasikirwo hakuna kupokana. Mukufamba kwemakumi emakore akawanda, rudzi rwemakwai rwakawanikwa nenzira yekusarudzwa kwevanhu, iyo inonyanya kugadziriswa mumamiriro ekutonhora uye kushoma Non-Black Earth Region kusvika kune yakanyanya kubereka yemvere dzemakwai ehuwandu hunodiwa uye hutano. Uyu ndiwo rudzi rweRomanov rwemakwai-mvere dzemakwai, iyo yakapa vanhu mhuka dzisingaremekedzi uye dzakasimbainokwanisa kuburitsa huwandu hwemakushe ediki uye emhando yepamusoro pakudya kudiki.

Zita rerudzi urwu rinonongedzera kune aristocracy, kuve mukudiwa munzvimbo yepamusoro yenzanga. Kutaura zvazviri, rudzi rwakakurumbira rweRomanov rwemakwai runotora zita rayo kubva munzvimbo iyo makwai ekutanga anomiririra akazvarwa - dunhu reRomanovsky renharaunda yeYaroslavl.

Unhu hunokwezva

Makwai erudzi rweRomanov mutengesi anovimbika wemvere dzemakwai. Rudzi urwu rwakazvarwa makore anopfuura 100 apfuura kuitira kupa vanhu zvipfeko zvinodziya uye zvakanaka. Kuwana mvere dzemakwai erudzi rweRomanov ibasa rinobatsira uye saka rinobudirira. Mukuwedzera kune kugadzirwa kwematehwe emakwai, rudzi rweRomanov runosiyaniswa nemhando dzakanaka dzenyama.

Nekuda kwezvido zvisina kurerekera uye zvine mwero, zvakasanganiswa nekubereka kwepamusoro, rudzi rweRomanov ndeimwe yeakakurumbira uye akapararira.

Nhasi, chero munhu anogona kuzvibata kune chigadzirwa chemhando yakagadzirwa neshinda yakarukwa kana insulated nayo.

Makwai erudzi rweRomanov ndeimwe yevamiriri vekare vemakwai emazuva ano anopfuyiwa. Nekuda kwemuviri uye physiology yakagadziridzwa kumamiriro akaoma, rudzi rweRomanov runoshivirira zvakakwana kuchengetedza pamafuro akavhurika. Vamiriri verudzi urwu vanokwanisa kuwana chikafu munzvimbo yaifura dzimwe mhuka. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti vanhu verudzi rweRomanov vanokwanisa kudya zvirimwa zvakasiyana. Vanogara vachiwana chimwe chinhu chokunakidzwa nacho.

Romanov rudzi hazvidi kunyaradzwa, zvakanaka kushivirira kuoma uye mamiriro ezvinhu akaoma ehusungwa, vane kutsungirira kwakakwirira zvose mukutonhora uye mukupisa. Nenzvimbo, rudzi urwu rwakagoverwa mumatunhu makumi matatu eRussia, nhasi vamiriri verudzi vanotengwawo kuti vaberekerwe kune dzimwe nyika dzeCommonwealth neEurope.

Hunhu hwerudzi rweRomanov

Zvinoreva rudzi rwemakwai asina muswe nyama-wool.

Zvinhu zvinonyanya kukosha ndezvi:

• mvere dzemakwai maviri dzinorema kusvika 3,5 kg kubva kune rimwe gwai;
• uremu hwemunhukadzi hunosvika 60 kg, uremu hwegondohwe revakuru 80 kg;
• kubereka - kusvika kumakwayana matatu mune imwe pamuviri; huremu hwegwayana remwedzi mitanhatu hunosvika 3 kg.

Tsanangudzo yekunze yemakwai:

• muswe mupfupi;
• kusava nenyanga kwakajairika mumukadzi;
• ruvara rwejasi iri grey, jasi rakaomeswa, rakapoteredzwa nemupendero wakasviba, dzimwe nguva kushanduka kuita mane muvarume; mutumbi wepakati-kati, dumbu rakaita sedhiramu zvishoma; musoro wakareba, uri pamutsipa wakasimba;
• zvaoma zvakafara; nzeve dzakareba, dzakafanana nemuviri; yakasimba yakananga kumashure zvishoma mberi; chipfuva chakafara uye chakadzika; makumbo akareba zviri pakati nepakati, akatsiga uye akaoma.

Kusiyana mune subspecies

Maererano nebumbiro remitemo, makwai erudzi rweRomanov anosiyaniswa mune matatu subspecies:

• muviri wakasimba. Vamiririri ve subspecies zvakanyanya yakasimba uye yakasimba. Dehwe ramakwai ravo nderemhando yepamusorosoro. Vanosiyaniswa nemuviri une simba, chifuva chakafara, mapfupa akasimba, asi ganda rakatetepa.
• rough body. Zviratidzo: skeleton inorema, coarse gobvu jasi. Awn yakakura ine ganda gobvu.
• muviri wakapfava. Muvanhu veiyi subspecies hurombo hwemuviri chimiro, mvere dzemakwai dzakatetepa, mvere hadzina kunaka. Hazvigone kushandiswa kuwedzera zvipfuwo.

Advantages uye kuipa kwerudzi

Zvakanakira zverudzi rwerudzi zvinosanganisira:

• mvere dzemhando yepamusoro dzebhuruu-grey ine simbi yakasarudzika sheen. Makushe haakunguruke, anopfava neawn correlates muchikamu che4:1-10:1;
• kwegore rose kukwanisa kubata uye kubereka;
• mimba inowanzowanda, paavhareji 1:3, kureva makwayana matatu pagwai rimwe nerimwe. Vamwe vanhu vanogona kubereka vana vapfumbamwe panguva imwe chete;
• kutanga kuyaruka: kukwanisa kupinza uye pamuviri kubva pamwedzi gumi nematatu. Nguva yekuibva michero isvondo imwe yakaderera pane mamwe marudzi;
• bvudzi rekutanga - mwedzi mishanu kusvika kumitanhatu, mvere dzinoguma dzinopa jasi rinodziya uye rakajeka. Nyama inogona kuwanikwa pamwedzi 7-9 yemakore.

Kuipa kwerudzi kunosanganisira:

• kutya;
• yakanyanya kunzwa kune shanduko yemamiriro ekunze, shanduko yemhepo, kuwedzera humidity, nezvimwe;
• mukana wezvirwere zvebroncho-pulmonary.

Kudyisa makwai eRomanov

Romanovsky nezveVtsy inobereka zvakanakisa zvose mukutonhora uye mukupisa kwezhizha.

Mumakore maviri, makwai anokwanisa kubereka katatu. Paavhareji, nhunzvi ine vana vatatu, iyo inopa makwayana mapfumbamwe panguva imwe chete. Muchero kugwayana rakazara unoibva mukati memazuva zana nemakumi mana nemashanu. Nemwedzi mina, gwayana rinosvika pakukura pabonde. Kusangana kwekutanga kunokurudzirwa kana huremu hwehwai hwasvika 3-9 kg.

Stall content

Panguva yekuchengeta danga, mhuka inodya uswa nehuswa. Zvakakodzera sanganisira chikafu chinonaka uye chinoisa mukudya, iyo inowedzerwa mushure mekunwa. Iva nechokwadi chekupa chikafu chakapfuma muzvinhu zvinobatsira kumakwai anoyamwisa nemakondohwe. Chikafu chikuru ndeye roughage: uswa, inonyanya kudiwa kuwedzera uswa kubva kune clover. Dzivisa kuwedzera acidic uswa (sedge uye rush), mhuka inogona kurwara, uye rufu runogoneka zvakare. Iyo yekusimbisa inowedzerwa nenzira yeakapwanyika oats nebhari. Iyo yekupedzisira inokanganisa kukura kwemafuta. Mhuka diki, makwai ane mimba neanoyamwisa anowedzerwa kudya kwemamineral.

Kufura mumafuro

Kana nguva yedanga rechando yapera, makwai anoendeswa kumafuro, asi kwete pakarepo. Zvishoma nezvishoma, kwemavhiki 1-2, kuisa pfungwa uye uswa zvinowedzerwa kune chikafu. Mushure mekugadzirira, makwai anoendeswa zvachose kumafuro. Quite akakodzera kudyisa zvinomera zvemafuro ekugadzira, asi mafuro emvura nemanyoro zvinofanira kudziviswa.

Kuti makwai abereke zvakanyanya, anofanira kupiwa nzvimbo yemafuro yakawanda sezvinobvira. Kukanda chikafu chakananga pasi hakukurudzirwe, sezvo makwai achatsika chikafu. Kufudza makwai zvakakosha kugadzirira feeders, iyo inofanira kunge iine zvokudya zvine muto gore rose. Makwai anofarira kurara pamubhedha weuswa kana mashanga. Sawdust uye peat hazvina kukodzera mudziyo.

Kurera makwai kuti vawane nyama

Maitiro evatengi ari kuchinja zvakanyanya. Kana nyama yekare yehwai yaionekwa seyakasiyana, nhasi gwayana riri kuwedzera kuoneka pamusika. Izvi zvinotsanangurwa nenyaya yekuti gwai rinopa chigadzirwa chenyama chezvakatipoteredza. Mhuka hadzina kukura pamapurazi makuru uye hadzina kuputirwa nemakemikari.

Gwayana rine mugove une mwero pachati yebhizimisi renyama. Iyi inongova 2% yehuwandu hwekugadzirwa kwenyama. Asi ine chinzvimbo chakakosha. Zvinokurudzira, mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya - zvose izvi hazvisi mukudya kwemakwai. Pakati pemamiriyoni makumi maviri nemaviri emakwai eRussia, vamiririri verudzi rweRomanov vanofudzawo.

Chikafu chikuru icho Romanov rudzi rwemakwai anogamuchira mafuro emahara. Huwandu hwekugadzirwa kwegwayana muRussia ndeye 190 zviuru matani pagore. Pane zvishoma kudarika 1 kg pamunhu. Mabhiriyoni eRubles akagoverwa kusimudzira kupfuwa kwemakwai nembudzi. Izvi zvinotemerwa nechishuwo chekupeta kaviri kushandiswa kwehwayana yehupenyu.

Nyaya dzekubereka nekumutsidzira

Parizvino, rudzi rweRomanov rwakanyanya kuderera kupfuura kare. Dzimwe nyanzvi dzinofunga kuti rudzi rweRomanov rwemakwai rwakaderedzwa muhuwandu kusvika pakutsakatika kwakakwana kana zvichienzaniswa nepamusoro pekukura kwayo, kwakaitika muma1950. Panguva iyoyo, pakanga paine vanhu vasingasviki miriyoni imwe. Nekutanga kwezana remakore rechi1, nhamba yacho yakanga yaderera kusvika 800. Munzvimbo huru yekuberekesa - nzvimbo yeYaroslavl, rudzi rweRomanov rwakamiririrwa muhuwandu hwe21 chete zviuru misoro. Chikonzero chikuru chekuderera kwenhamba yeRomanov gwai ndiko kubhuroka kwemapurazi madiki mu16s uye 5s.

Nheyo yekuchengeta danga, iyo yakajairika mumapurazi makuru, kushaikwa kwese kwenzvimbo dzemafuro, kwakanetesa rudzi. Kuderera kwekupikisa kupesvedzerwa kwezvinhu zvekunze kwakakonzera kuti makwai akatanga kurwara nekukurumidza uye kazhinji. Huwandu hwevanhu vaipfuya hwakaderedzwa, panguva imwe cheteyo purofiti yakadonha zvakaipisisa. Sezvataurwa pamusoro nhasi kune zvirongwa zvehurumendeyakanangana nekumutsiridza indasitiri yenyama. Rudzi rweRomanov rwemakwai rwakanzwawo hutano uye huwandu hwakanaka.