Pamusoro gumi zvinonakidza chokwadi nezve jellyfish

Jellyfish ndizvo zvisikwa zvipenyu zvekare papasi redu. Izvo zvinoshamisa uye zvisina kujairika, ndosaka zvichikonzera maonero echido. Vanogara mugungwa rega rega, gungwa - pamusoro pemvura kana pakadzika kwemakiromita akawanda.

Zviri nani kuti munhu asasangana nemamwe marudzi ejellyfish - semuenzaniso, "Australian wasp" inogona kuuraya vanhu vanosvika makumi matanhatu nehupfu hwayo. Iyi ndiyo mhuka ine chepfu uye ine njodzi zvakanyanya mumakungwa. Jellyfish yakawana zita rayo nekuda kwekufanana nehunhu hwengano (kana kuti nemusoro wake) - Gorgon Medusa. Kana iwe ukazarura imwe yemifananidzo kuti utarise kwaari, ona kuti panzvimbo yebvudzi, ane nyoka dzinofamba pamusoro wake. Kufanana kwakacherechedzwa naCarl Linnaeus, mugari weSweden (60-1707.)

Unogona kuvayemura nekusingaperi ... Asi ngatirege kuyemura runako rwavo chete, asi kuti tidzidzewo pamusoro pezvinhu gumi zvinonyanya kufadza pamusoro pejellyfish. Saka ngatitangei?

10 Yakaonekwa panyika makore 650 miriyoni apfuura

Medusa ane chiropa chakareba. Vagara varipo, variko uye vachave varipo. Zvisikwa izvi zvakaonekwa makore 650 miriyoni apfuura. Pasina ivo, hapana gungwa rimwe chete rinomiririrwa. Mamwe marudzi ejellyfish anogara mumvura yakachena. Inenge 3000 marudzi anozivikanwa, asi mazhinji acho haasati aongororwa.

Kuenda kune jellyfish hakusi nyore, nokuti vamwe vamiririri vanogara mumvura yakadzika - yakadzika kupfuura mamita gumi. Vamwe vanoenzanisa ava vasvitsa makore zana nehove, asi havana chimwe chinhu chavanowirirana kunze kwenzvimbo yavanorarama. Masumbu mazhinji ejellyfish ane tsananguro yawo - anodaidzwa kunzi swarm (zvinoreva cluster).

9. Vanogara mumakungwa ose nemakungwa ePasi

Zvisikwa zvinoshamisa uye zvakasiyana-siyana zvinogara mumakungwa nemakungwa, imwe yacho ijellyfish. Nyika yepasi pemvura inodzidzwa zvishoma, saka musangano nezvisikwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvinogona kushanduka kuva njodzi kumunhu.

Kana ukabvunza mumwe munhu:Iwe unofunga kuti ndeupi mugari ane ngozi zvikuru pasi pemvura?”, saka, chokwadi, munhu wese achapindura pamwe chete: "Shark", zvisinei, kune zvisikwa uye zvakanyanya njodzi ...

Gore negore, mamiriyoni evanhu anosangana ne "kutsva" paanosangana nejellyfish. Iko hakuna kunyanya kutyisa jellyfish mumakungwa eRussia, asi chinhu chikuru ndechekudzivirira kusangana ne mucous membranes. Jellyfish inogara mumakungwa ese ePasi uye munenge mumakungwa ese., saka, usati wafamba, unofanirwa kuziva pachine nguva kuti ndeapi marudzi anowanikwa munzvimbo ino.

8. Rarama mumvura yakachena

Zvinozivikanwa kuti jellyfish inogona kugara mumvura chete. Kana vakakandwa panyika, rufu runobva pakuoma pasi pezuva. Kune mhando inonzwa yakakura mumvura yakachena - inonzi Craspedacusta sowerbyi. Jellyfish yakadaro inokwanisika kuchengeta mu aquarium yeimba, asi inoda zvimwe zvokudya uye mamiriro.

Jellyfish yemvura yakachena inogara munenge makondinendi ese (kunze kweAntarctica) munzizi kuseri kwemvura ine kosi yekuzorora uye mumadhamu akamira. Zvakare zvakanaka Craspedacusta sowerbyi inogara mumadziva ekugadzira.

7. Makirasi mana makuru ejellyfish

Muchisikigo, marudzi akawanda ejellyfish anozivikanwa, uye, pasinei nechimiro chekare, ose akasiyana zvikuru. Kune makirasi mana makuru ejellyfish: idzi scyphoid, hydroid, box jellyfish uye staurozoa. Ngatitarisei mhando idzi zvakadzama.

Scyphoid: kirasi iyi inosanganisira jellyfish inogara mumakungwa nemakungwa. Vanogara mumvura ine munyu uye vanofamba vakasununguka pakati penyika yepasi pemvura (kunze kwejellyfish inogara - haina kushanda).

Hydroid: rudzi urwu rwakasiyana nemamwe ose mukukwanisa kwayo kunoshamisa - jellyfish inogona kurarama nekusingaperi, sezvo hydroid inogadziriswa kubva kumunhu mukuru kusvika kumwana mumwe. Dzinosanganisira zvinopfuura 2,5 zviuru zvemarudzi.

Bhokisi jellyfish: mhuka iyi inogona kunzi inotyisa zvikuru (ine zita rokuti "sea wasp"). Kana munhu akasangana naye, ipapo mugumisiro unouraya unomumirira. Munguva yeHondo Yenyika Yechipiri, yaive jellyfish iyi yakava denda revafambisi vezvikepe vakazviwana vari mumvura. Vanhu vanenge 80 vanofa nehuturu hwejellyfish gore negore.

Staurozoa: vamiririri ve stauromedusa havakwanisi kushambira uye kutungamirira mararamiro epasi. Chimiro chavo chakasarudzika, kunze senge rudzi rwefunnel. Mafambiro ake anononoka, uye kazhinji yenguva jellyfish inofarira kugara panzvimbo imwechete. Stauromedusa inoonekwa sechinhu chisina kujairika chinosanganisa maficha epolyp uye jellyfish.

6. Inoshandiswa mumishonga uye chikafu

Jellyfish chikafu chinonaka munyika dzekuMabvazuva. MuJapan, Korea, China, zvisikwa zvepasi pemvura izvi zvakadyiwa kubvira kare, zvichinzi "nyama yekristaro", uye ndiro idzi dzaive dzemhando yepamusoro uye dzemafaro.

Iyo inozivikanwa zvakare kuti jellyfish yaive chikamu chekudya kwevaRoma vekare. Nyama yejellyfish ine zvakawanda zvinobatsira zvinhu, amino acids uye trace elements.

Mukuwedzera, jellyfish inoshandiswawo mukurapa.. Vanachiremba vechiChinese vanopa zano rekudya grey jellyfish (yakagadziriswa, hongu) zuva rega rega kune avo vanotambura nekushaya mbereko. Uyezve, vakadzi vechiChinese vanosimbisa kushanda kweiyi nzira. Sezvineiwo, mushonga unogadzirwawo kubva kujellyfish kubatsira kubvisa mhanza.

Chokwadi chinofadza: kana muChina neSouth Korea pasina jellyfish ndiro pane menyu yeresitorendi yehove, saka iyo institution haigone kugamuchira chikamu chepamusoro.

5. Jellyfish ndeimwe yemhuka dzakareruka pasi rose.

Jellyfish zvisikwa zvinoshamisa. Vanokonzera manzwiro anopikisana: kufara, kuyemura uye kunyange kutya. Mhuka dzekare dzepasi redu ndedzezvipenyu zviri nyore zvemukati.. Jellyfish haina uropi kana nhengo dzekunzwa. Asi ivo vakapihwa tsinga inovabatsira kuona hwema uye chiedza. Jellyfish inoishandisawo kuona kubata kwechimwe chisikwa.

Kune 8 chete mapoka akaparadzaniswa emasero etsinga mujellyfish - ari pamucheto wejellyfish umbrella. Masumbu etsinga ayo anonzi ganglia.

4. Inenge 98% yemvura

Chokwadi ichi chinogona kushamisa, asi jellyfish i98% mvura. Kana jellyfish yaoma, mucherechedzo chete unosara mujecha, hapana kana goko. Pakati pemhuka dzegungwa, kwete jellyfish chete ine muviri wakafanana nejelly, somuenzaniso, anemones yegungwa, hydras, polyps, corals zvakare haina skeleton yakasimba uye yose inogara mumvura yegungwa.

Pasinei nokuti jellyfish iri 98% yemvura, inokonzera kupisa kunorwadza.

3. Turitopsis nutrica - chisikwa chipenyu chisingafi

Chii chakavanzika chehuduku Turritopsis nutrica? Iyi jellyfish ndiyo chete chisikwa chinogona kurarama nekusingaperi. Kusvika pakukura, inoshanduka zvakare kuva munhu wechidiki. Zvinokosha kuziva kuti kutenderera uku kunozvidzokorora nekusingaperi… Chinhu chimwe chete chinogona kukonzera Turritopsis nutricula kufa ndechekuuraiwa.

Cherechedza kuti nyanzvi dzezvinhu zvipenyu dzinozivawo masero “asingafi” anokwanisa kupatsanura kasingaverengeki mumamiriro ezvinhu akanaka. Muenzaniso weizvi is stem cell.

2. Mvuu yegungwa ndicho chisikwa chine ngozi zvikuru panyika.

Kuruma kwewavi yegungwa (box jellyfish) kunogona kuuraya. Uyu ndemumwe wevagari vepasi vane njodzi zvakanyanya pasi pemvura.. Mvura yegungwa inogona kuonekwa nehukuru hwebhero - 2,5 mamita. Iine goko rinoonekera, ine chitarisiko chakanaka. Inogara munharaunda yePacific yeIndia, pamwe nekumahombekombe ekondinendi yeAustralia.

Nematende adzo, mavu egungwa anouraya mazana evanhu gore rega rega, asi jellyfish hairume kana isinganzwe njodzi.

1. Arctic hombe jellyfish - hombe munyika

Arctic jellyfish - inoonekwa seyakakura munyika. Inogara muNorthwest Atlantic. Iyo giant dome inogona kusvika 2 metres, uye translucent matende anokura kusvika 20 metres pakureba. Iine ruvara rwakasiyana, asi chiedza cheorenji chinowanzowanikwa (nezera, ruvara runowedzera kuzara).

Muviri wake une 95% mvura uye wakaumbwa sehowa. Matende akawanda ejellyfish anogona kutambanudza kusvika kumamita makumi maviri.

Chokwadi chinofadza: The arctic giant jellyfish inoratidzwa munyaya pfupi yaArthur Conan Doyle "The Lion's Mane".