Turtle kufamba kumhanya panyika uye mumvura: sei gungwa, nyika uye dzvuku-nzeve turtles dzinomhanya nekushambira (avhareji uye yakanyanya kukurumidza kufamba)

Muchivanhu chenyika dzeyaichimbova Soviet Union, mufananidzo wekamba wakabatanidzwa zvisingaparadzanisiki nokunonoka. PaFiji Islands, reptile, pane zvinopesana, chiratidzo chekukurumidza. Vagari vanoremekedza mhuka idzi nekuda kwehunyanzvi hwadzo hwekutarisa uye nekumhanya kunoratidzwa nezvinokambaira mumvura.

Zvinhu zvinokanganisa kumhanya kwe turtle:

• uremu uye chimiro cheganda;
• paw anatomy;
• Kupisa kwemuviri;
• mamiriro epfungwa;
• pamusoro maitiro;
• zera uye chimiro chemuviri.

Kureba kwemakumbo muvamiririri vemarudzi anokwanisa kuvanza makumbo avo uye musoro pasi pehoko ipfupi, saka masimba avo akadzika zvakanyanya pane izvo zvipenyu zvisingakwanisi kuita izvi (huru-headed turtle, vulture turtle, gungwa regungwa).

Kumhanya kwekamba panyika kwakadzikira pane mumvura.

Kumhanya kwenyika

Zvinokambaira, izvo mapaws azvo anotaridzika semafiritsi, anofamba asina kunyaradzwa zvishoma, asi kwete nguva dzose anononoka. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akanaka, reptile inofarira kukambaira zvishoma nezvishoma. Kuwedzera kwekumhanya kunoitika kana mhuka ikanzwa njodzi, kana kufarira zvakanyanya chimwe chinhu chiri kure. Mhanya, mupfungwa yakazara yezwi, kureva pane imwe nguva kuti usabata pasi, reptile haigoni. Asi kana zvichidikanwa, vanogona kukurumidza zvikuru.

Kamba dzine muviri munyoro dzinomhanya. Nekuda kwekusasimba ossification uye flat shape yegoko, vanokwanisa kukurumidza kukurumidza kusvika kumatengo akakwira. Iyo yakanyanya kumhanya yekamba iri panyika i15 km/h.

Vhidhiyo: inokurumidza sei turtle yemvura inomhanya panyika

Vechidiki vanokurumidza kupfuura vanhu vakuru, hupenyu hwavo hunotsamira pazviri musango.

Matombo emvura ari panyika anonzwa achimanikidzwa, nekuda kwechimiro chemakumbo, chiyeuchidzo cheflippers. Iwo akaderera zvakanyanya mukumhanya kwekufamba kune marudzi emvura yakachena, asi achakwikwidza zvakanyanya nemhando dzepasi.

Kumhanya kwekamba yepanyika kunowanzo kunonoka kupfuura kwemarudzi emvura yakachena. Chikafu chekudyara hachidi kubatwa kumusoro, saka shanduko yakasarudza goko senzira yekutanga yekudzivirira. Muchiitiko chengozi, zvakakwana kuti vavanze musoro wavo uye paws.

Iyo yakanyanya kumhanya yetutu yenyika paavhareji haipfuure 0,7 km / h. Rekodhi yakanyorwa zviri pamutemo yakagadzwa nemunhu werudzi rwembada uye yakaenzana ne0,9 km / h.

Kamba hombe yeSeychelles inozivikanwa seinononoka pakati pekamba. Muminiti, anokwanisa kukunda asingasviki 6,17 metres, sezvo nhanho yake isingapfuure 0,37 km / h.

Gopher uye nyeredzi turtles dzinomhanya zvishoma, dzinenge 0,13 m / s. Panguva imwe chete vanogona kuvhara 7,8 mamita.

Avhareji yekumhanya yekamba yepanyika i0,51 km/h.

Vhidhiyo: mamhanyiro akaita kamba yepanyika

Varidzi veCentral Asian land mhuka vanocherechedza kuti mhuka dzinovaraidza dzinoshanda uye dzinoshanda. Kamba yeCentral Asia inogona kufamba mamita 468 muawa. Kumhanya kwayo hakupfuuri 12 cm / s. Ivhu risina kunaka harisi dambudziko kune reptile. Materu ane materu uye zvinhu zvisina kusimba pasi petsoka hazvigoni kumudzivisa kuenda mberi.

Movement speed mumvura

Mhuka dzepanyika dzinogona kurarama mumvura kwenguva yakati, asi vanhu vazhinji havagone kushambira. Kugara kwenguva refu kunze kwenzvimbo yekuzvarwa kune njodzi kumhuka. Iwo asina dandemutande uye akarebesa bumpy carapace dhizaini haina kugadzirwa kuti imhanye mumvura.

Turtles dzemvura yakachena dzine membrane pakati peminwe, goko rakaderera uye rakatsetseka. Izvi zvinovabvumira kukudziridza nhanho inoshamisa. Dynamics inobatsira mukuvhima kunobudirira kwehove nemhuka dzomumvura.

Kamba hombe dzedehwe dzinoshambira neka14 sipidhi yeGreenland shark uye ingada kuenzana neiyo yewhale.

Kumhanya kweturtles dzegungwa mumvura yakakwirira, sezvo yakanyoroveswa, goko reoval uye mapepi-shaped forelimbs anobatsira zvikuru pakadzika. Paavhareji, ivo vakakwirira mumhando iyi yemvura yakachena.

Mienzaniso yekumhanya yekushambira yematombo emugungwa:

• turtle yegungwa - 18 km / h;
• gungwa rakasvibirira - 32 km / h;
• leatherback turtle - 35 km / h.

Kuti turtle inokurumidza kushambira sei kwete chete pane yayo data data. Mikana inokonzerwa nekutungamira kwekuyerera, kuwanda uye kupisa kwemvura.

Vhidhiyo: kushambira nekamba

Kumhanya kwekamba tsvuku-nzeve

Munzvimbo yaro yechisikigo, chikafu chekunaka-tsvuku-nzeve yakanaka ndeye 40% mapuroteni. Shellfish nehove duku zvinodyiwa. Muminiti, hove dzerwizi dzinochengetedza avhareji yekumhanya ye 0.3 m, uye inogona kusvika 2 m / s, iyo isingadzivisi reptile kubva pakuvhima. Turtles dzinoshambira pakumhanya kwe5-7 km / h, uye iyo yakanyanya kumhanya yehutu tsvuku-nzeve inogona kudarika manhamba aya.

Panyika, turtle-yered-yered turtle yakaderera zvishoma kune zvinyorwa zvayo mumitumbi yemvura. Kana paine njodzi, mhuka yacho inowanzovanda mutsime riri pedyo remvura, umo inonzwa ine chivimbo.

Kamba ine nzeve dzvuku ndiyo inotungamira mukufamba pakati pehanzvadzi pakuonekwa. Anogona kufamba mamaira akawanda pazuva. Mukubatana nehurongwa hwakanaka hwekubereka, izvi zvinobvumira reptile kukurumidza kugadzira matunhu matsva uye kukwikwidza nevagari vayo. Iyo turtle ine nzeve dzvuku inosanganisirwa mune yepamutemo runyorwa rwe "100 yakanyanya njodzi inoparadza marudzi" kubva kuIUCN.

Vhidhiyo: iyo turtle-yered turtle inovhima hove