10 Chokwadi Chinonakidza Nezve Zvipembenene Zvakapona Dinosaurs

Tupembenene iboka rekare uye rakawanda remhuka. Yakasimuka anenge mamiriyoni 400 emakore apfuura, vamiririri vakapona matambudziko uye kugadziriswa. Panyika panofungidzirwa kuti pane marudzi etwumbuyu ari pakati pe2 ne4 miriyoni. Musiyano uyu unotsanangurwa nekuti vamiriri vemarudzi mazhinji vakawana masayendisiti kamwe chete, uye mamwe haasati awanikwa.

Tingave tichida zvipembenene kana kuti kwete, hazvibviri kuramba kukosha kwadzo kuhupenyu hwepasi. Naizvozvo, isu tinokurudzira kuti uwane gumi zvinonakidza chokwadi nezvezvipembenene.

10 Zvipembenene hazvina marangwanda

Tupembenene invertebrates. Hunhu hwavo hunopesana zvakanyanya nechimiro chemhuka dzine vertebrates, kusanganisira yedu. Muviri wema vertebrates unogara pamapfupa emukati. Inoumbwa neshwashwa uye mapfupa ayo anonamatira tsandanyama.

Muzvipembenene, skeleton yekunze. Tsandanyama dzakabatanidzwa nayo kubva mukati. Chipembenene chakafukidzwa negobvu, rakasimba cuticle. Maraka ekunze haapindire mumvura nemhepo, uye haanzwe chando, kupisa, kana kubata.

Mhuka inosarudza tembiricha, kunhuwa, uye zvichingodaro nerubatsiro rweantennae akakosha nemvere. Zvisinei, “nhumbi dzokurwa” idzi dzine minus. Kureva kuti goko harikuri nemuviri. Saka zvipembenene "molt" nguva nenguva - inodurura shell uye kukura imwe itsva.

9. akararama kupfuura dinosaurs

Zvipembenene zvinoonekwa seimwe yemhuka dzekare zvikuru panyika. Zvichida, kirasi iyi yakaonekwa munguva yeSilurian, kureva, 435 - 410 mamiriyoni emakore apfuura. Asi dinosaurs akamuka chete mamiriyoni 200 makore apfuura, muna Triassic.

Iko hakuna dinosaurs asara, asi pachine tupukanana twakawanda paPasi. Nenzira iyi, zvipembenene zvakapukunyuka dinosaurs.

8. MuThailand vanoshandiswa pakubika.

Kuchamhembe kweThailand vanofarira kudya zvipembenene. Chikonzero chechiitiko ichi ndechekuti vagari veko vanga vasina ivhu rakaorera. Vanhu vaidya zvavaikwanisa kubata – mhuka, hove nezvipembenene, izvo zvakazara munzvimbo dzinopisa. Kumaodzanyemba kweThailand, mamiriro ari nani, saka arthropods haisi kushandiswa ipapo.

Uye nenzira, zvipembenene hazvina kunaka sezvazvinoita. Kana iwe usina kuudzwa zvakaiswa mundiro, iwe hauzosiyanise bete kubva kune zvimwe zvekudya. Mukuwedzera, hapana ngozi yehutano. Thais inokura zvipembenene mumamiriro ezvinhu akagadzirwa, uye usazvibata muminda. Naizvozvo, chikonzero chekuvenga kwedu zvipembenene itsika.

Zvokudya zvine utano - mhashu, nokuti dzine mapuroteni akawanda. Izvo zvakabikwa seFrench fries - yakakangwa mumafuta. Zvipembenene zvinopiwa nemupunga kana miriwo.

Imwe dhishi igonye resirika. Hukuru hwakakura kupfuura hwehwiza, saka dzakakangwa kunge kebab. Ichi chikafu checalorie chakanyanya.

Simba remasvosve nemakonye rakapetwa kakawanda kudarika nyama nemafuta. Mazai esvosve anoshandiswa kugadzira mazai akakushwa, masaladhi uye muto. Masvosve ane kuravira anovava nekuda kwefomic acid. Sauces inogadzirwawo kubva kune zvipembenene. Saka kana usati waedza makonye, ​​hachisi chokwadi kuti hauna kudya tumbuyu.

Nenzira, nyanzvi dzeUN dzakagara dzichirayira kuwedzera zvipembenene kune zvinyorwa zvendiro - izvi zvinobatsira uye zvinobatsira zvichienzaniswa nekuchengeta zvipfuwo. Huwandu hwevanhu huri kuwedzera, uye nhamba yenyika inorimwa nemiti - pane zvinopesana.

7. Chipembenene chakasimba isvosve

Sosaiti yemasvosve yakafanana neyedu. Chikamu chikuru chevanhu vavo vashandi. Masvosve anoshanda akasimba zvinoshamisa. Saka, vanokwanisa kutakura mutoro unorema zvakapetwa ka5000 kupfuura ivo uye vanosvika kumhanya kusvika 7 nehafu masendimita pasekondi. Kunze kwezvo, ava vanoshanda nesimba havakotsiri.

6. Umhutu hune mazai epamusoro

Mumamiriro ezvinhu akanaka, mosquito inokura kubva muzai munguva isingasviki vhiki. Kukura kwemunhu kubva mu "embryo" kunotora mazuva mana chete. Nekudaro, kana mamiriro akanaka akasaitika, Umhutu mazai anogona kurara muvhu kwemakore akati wandei.

5. Umhutu hunodya muto wechirimwa uye nekita.

Umhutu hunodya ropa - izvi zvinozivikanwa nemunhu wese pachake. Asi hausi humhutu hwese hwakadai. Chokwadi ndechekuti hadzi dzezvipembenene izvi dzinodya ropa. Plasma yeropa inodiwa nehafu yechikadzi pakubereka vana. Vanhurume vane runyararo uye vanodya chete mvura uye nekita yemaruva, semashavishavi..

Uyezve, varume vane rugare uye vasingakuvadzi vanorarama zvishoma pane vakadzi. Saka, tarisiro yehupenyu yechikamu chechirume chehuwandu hweumhutu haipfuuri mavhiki maviri, nepo vakadzi vachirarama kwemwedzi kana kupfuura.

4. Mhungu huru paPasi ndiyo goliath tarantula

Kunyatsotaura, spider ari arachnids, kwete zvipembenene, kunyange zvazvo vasiri nyanzvi vanowanzovhiringidza pfungwa idzi. Zvakadaro, ndinoda kutaura nezve mhuka inoshamisa - Goriyati tarantula Theraphosa blondi. Iyi spider yeAustralia ndiyo hombe paPasi, hukuru hwayo hunosvika 25 cm..

Sezvinoratidzwa nezita racho, goriyati anogona kudya shiri. Zvisinei, shiri hadzisi kudya kukuru kweArthropod. Haavhimi shiri, anogona kungo “nhonga” nhiyo isina kurongeka.

Kunyange zvazvo goliath tarantula yeAustralia yakakura, iri kure nekuve ine ngozi zvikuru. Uturu hweTheraphosa hunoremadza, asi hunongokwana kumhuka duku. Kuvanhu, rumborera rwegoriyati haruna kuipa kudarika nyuchi. Zvinoita sekuti arthropod inoziva izvi, saka haipedze chepfu pavavengi vakakura sewe neni.

Iyo tarantula ine vavengi vakawanda. Saka arthropod yakagadzira kuzvidzivirira kwepakutanga - dandemutande rinofuratira kune anorwisa uye inokama bvudzi rinobvarura kubva kumusana wayo.

3. Chipembenene chinokurumidza kudarika panyika imukonikoni

Dragonflies ndeimwe yevagari vekare vePasi. Vakaonekwa panyika makore mamiriyoni 350 apfuura. Mapapiro emukonikoni ekare akasvika masendimita makumi manomwe. Iye zvino mikonikoni yaderera zvinooneka, asi mukumhanya haisati yakaderera kune ani zvake.

Kazhinji mukonikoni unokura kumhanya kwemakiromita 30-50 paawa. Zvisinei, Austroflebia costalis, inogara kumabvazuva kweAustralia kumahombekombe enzizi, inokurumidza kusvika 97. Ndiko kuti, chipembenene ichi chinobhururuka mamita 27 musekondi.

Austroflebia costalis ine mapaya maviri emapapiro. Munguva yekubhururuka, zvipembenene zvinozvifambisa zvose panguva imwe chete - zvichiita kukurumidza kukuru, uye pamwe chete - nokuda kwekufambisa. Mukonikoni unotenderedza 150 pasekondi. Sezvineiwo, hapana chipembenene chinokwanisa kutiza kubva kune chikara. Naizvozvo, Austroflebia costalis zvakare chimwe chezvipembenene zvinoparadza.

2. Vanhu vakawanda vanofa nekurumwa nenyuchi pane kufa nenyoka.

Zvinoenderana neimwe mishumo, Gore negore, nhamba yevanhu vanofa nekurumwa nenyuchi yakakwira zvakapetwa katatu pane vanofa nehuturu hwenyoka.. Chikonzero cheizvi ndechekuti nhamba yevanorwara neallergies iri kuwedzera. Uye kufa kubva kuanaphylactic shock, zvichiteerana.

Mukuwedzera, nyuchi, kusiyana nenyoka, dzinogara pedyo nevanhu. Naizvozvo, mukana wekuwana kurumwa wakakura. Uyezve, kurumwa nenyoka kunotyisa. Asi vanhu vanoregeredza kurwisa kwenyuchi uye havatsvage rubatsiro nenguva.

Yeuka: pasina mhaka usabvumira nyuchi kuruma mumutsipa, tonsils uye maziso. Idzi ndidzo nzvimbo dzine njodzi, dzinofanirwa kuvanzwa kubva pakurumwa.

1. Chipete chadamburwa musoro chinogona kurarama kwemavhiki akati kuti

Masayendisiti eAmerica akaongorora kugona kwepete kurarama isina musoro. Zvakazoitika kuti jongwe rinorarama pasina musoro kwemazuva 9, uye kana iwe ukagadzira mamiriro akakodzera, ipapo mavhiki mashoma..

Chikonzero chechiitiko ichi chiri mukuumbwa kwechipembenene. Ukagura murume musoro, anobuda ropa kusvika afa nekushaya oxygen. Mune mapete, kuputika kweropa kuchavhara pakarepo ronda. Kurasikirwa kweropa kuchamira uye BP ichadzorerwa.

Uyezve, mapete haadi musoro wekufema. Iri basa rinoitwa ne spiracles - peculiar chubhu inowanikwa mumuviri wese. Vanotakura oxygen mumuviri. Saka mushure mekugura musoro wepete, kufema kwaro hakuzomira. Chisikwa ichi chichararama kwemavhiki mazhinji uye chichafa nenzara, sezvo chichashaya chokudya.

Asi zvakadini negadziriro yetsinga? Kusiyana nevanhu, musoro wepete hauite basa rakakosha kudaro. Nerve clusters (ganglia) inowanikwa muchipembenene mumuviri wose. Mhuka inofamba pane reflex level. Zvisinei, nekuda kwekuti ruzivo haruchabvi kubva mumusoro, kufamba kwepete hakudzoreki, kusinganzwisisiki uye kusina maturo.