Kuruma kwakarurama uye kusina kururama mumbwa

Zvimiro zvekuruma mumhando dzakasiyana

Rudzi rumwe norumwe rune musoro uye shaya chimiro, uye izvo zvinganzi zvakajairika kuChirungu Bulldog, semuenzaniso, zvingave zvisina kujairika kune Husky. Funga nezvemhando dzekurumwa mumbwa dzemarudzi akasiyana.

Imbwa ine mazino makumi mana nemaviri - 42 incisors, 12 canines, 4 premolars uye gumi molars. Boka rimwe nerimwe remazino rine basa raro uye nzvimbo. Iyo incisors iri kumberi uye inofanirwa kuruma, kuruma, zviri pamwe navo kuti imbwa inonamira zvipembenene kubva mumvere dzemakwai uye zvinhu zvekunze. Fangs anobatsira kubata chikafu, zvakakosha pakuvhima uye kutarisa kutyisidzira. Premolars inowanikwa pakarepo kuseri kwemazino, 16 zvidimbu kumusoro uye pasi, kurudyi nekuruboshwe, vanopwanya uye kubvarura zvidimbu zvezvokudya. Meno, iwo mazino ari kureba, 10 pashaya yekumusoro uye matatu pashaya dzezasi kurutivi rumwe norumwe, basa ravo nderekukuya nokukuya zvokudya.

Mhando yakarurama yekurumwa inoonekwa mumbwa dzine muzzle wakamanikana, senge spitz, toy terrier, collie, greyhounds. Inonzi scissor bite - 6 incisors, kumusoro uye pasi, mumbwa inorara yakatsetseka pamusoro peumwe neumwe, uye 4 canines zvakanyatsowanikwa pakati peumwe neumwe, pasina kunamatira kunze kana kunyura mumuromo.

Nepo mhuka dzinovaraidza dzine brachycephalic mhando yemhumhu dzine musoro sikweya uye shaya pfupi. Mhando idzi dzinosanganisira pugs uye chihuahuas. Iyo yakapfupika shaya inobatsira kune chokwadi chekuti mumbwa dzakadaro kusavapo kwemazino 1-2 hakuonekwi sechirwere, sezvo iyo yese seti haigone kukwana. Kuvharwa kweshaya kunofanirawo kunge kwakafanana, zino kune zino.

Zvakajairika kuti Bulldog, Pekingese uye Shih Tzu mukuwirirana kuita kuti shaya yezasi ibude zvakasimba kumberi. Kubva pakuona kwe physiology, izvi, zvechokwadi, hazvisi izvo zvinowanzoitika, uye gare gare munyaya yacho tichaongorora kuti izvi zvinogona kutungamirira kupi.

Kuruma chaiko mumbwa

Mukuvharika kwakajairika, shaya yepamusoro inoputira mazino ezasi.

Iyo canines yejaya rezasi yakaenzana pakati pemakona epamusoro uye yechitatu yakaderera incisor, uye premolars inoratidza nzvimbo pakati pemazino epamusoro peshaya. Kuruma kwakaringana mumbwa kunoonekwa sechigero. Iyi ndiyo inonyanya kukodzera sarudzo yembwa, sezvo ivo vari vavhimi. Basa ravo nderekuvhima, kubata uye kubata mhuka. Iyo incisors inopindirana pamwe chete, mazino ari "munhare". Nekuda kwechinzvimbo ichi, mazino anopera zvishoma, uye nekudaro, haaputsi uye haadonhe. Kurumwa nechigero kunowanzoitika kune chero imbwa ine mhuno refu. Somuenzaniso, nokuda Dobermans, Jack Russells, Jagd Terriers, Yorkshire Terriers nevamwe.

Malocclusion mumbwa

Izvo zvinoitika kana kusiyana kubva kune classic scissor bite iripo, iyo inogona kukonzerwa nekusarongeka kweshaya kana dentition. Malocclusion mumbwa inonzi malocclusion. Inofungidzirwa kuti uku ndiko kukanganisa kupi zvako mukuvhara mazino. Kuvhara kusina kukodzera kweshaya kunoshandura kunze kwemusoro, rurimi runogona kuwira kunze, imbwa inonetseka kubata zvokudya.

Pincer kuruma kana pincer kuruma

Nerudzi urwu rwekurumwa, shaya yepamusoro, kuvhara, inozorora neine incisors pazasi incisors. Vanogadzira mutsara mumwe, mamwe mazino haavhare. Mune imbwa dzakadaro, incisors inokurumidza kupera uye inodonha, mhuka haigoni kukuya zvokudya zvakajairika, sezvo molars uye premolars hazvibatanidzi. Mhando iyi yekurumwa haifungidzirwe seyakajairwa mumhando yebrachycephalic uye haina kukanganisa kuongororwa kwekunze.

Undershot kana prognathism

Undershot bite kutsauka kwakakomba mukukura kwemapfupa edehenya rembwa. Rushaya rwezasi haruna kukura, ipfupi. Somugumisiro, mazino ezasi anosangana nepamusoro pepalate uye mazamu, achivakuvadza. Rurimi runobuda mumuromo. Nekuda kwekuderera, zvirwere zve dentition zvinokura - kubviswa kwemazino uye molars, tartar, matambudziko nemudumbu, sezvo isingawanzo kutora uye kukuya chikafu.

Snack kana vana

Malocclusion iyi inoonekwa neshaya yekumusoro ipfupi uye shaya yakarebesa yezasi, zvichikonzera mazino ezasi pamberi pemazino ekumusoro. Nepo mamiriro aya akajairwa kune mamwe marudzi, hazvina kujairika kumhuka zhinji dzinovaraidza. Overbite muimbwa dzine muromo wakareba inoonekwa sechirwere, nepo mugriffins, Pekingese, bulldogs uye mamwe mapfupi-muzzle dzinza, inobvumidzwa. Rushaya rwezasi runobudira kumberi uye runopa chiso kutaridzika kunge bhizinesi uye kusagutsikana. Kazhinji kana rushaya rwezasi ruchibuda, mazino akazara pachena uye haana kuvharwa nemiromo - izvi zvinonzi undershot bite. Kana kureba pakati pemeno emazino ezasi uye epamusoro embwa haakoshi - snack isina tsvina.

Vhura kuruma

Mazino epamberi haasangani uye anosiya gaka, kazhinji imbwa dzichasundira rurimi rwadzo mukati maro, izvo zvinowedzera kuparadzana, kunyanya kune vanhu vaduku. MuDobermans uye Collies, inowanzoratidzwa nekusavharwa kwe premolars uye molars, uye kwete incisors.

Kukanganiswa kweshaya

Kutsauka kwakanyanya uye kune ngozi mukukura kweshaya, sezvo mapfupa anokura asina kufanana kana kuchinja hukuru hwavo semugumisiro wekukuvara. Iyo shaya yembwa inova asymmetrical uye yakakanganiswa, iyo incisors haivhare.

Kukura kusina kunaka kwemazino

Kazhinji, kutsauka munzira yekukura kune mazino. Dzinogona kukura mukati kana kubuda mumuromo, zvichiita kuti shaya isavhare kana kukuvadzwa mumukanwa. Kazhinji muimbwa dzemhando dzebrachycephalic, kukura kweincisors mucheckerboard pattern kunowanikwa, kwavari izvi zvinoonekwa sechinhu chinogadziriswa.

Polyidentity

Polydentia inogona kuva yenhema kana yechokwadi. Ne polydentia yenhema, mazino emukaka haadonhe, uye molars ari kutokura. Izvi zvinokanganisa kutungamirirwa kwemazino uye, semugumisiro, kuvhara kweshaya. Nepolydentia yechokwadi, maviri anokura kubva kune rimwe zino, semhedzisiro, imbwa inogona kunge iine mitsara miviri yemolars, se shark. Izvi hazvisi zvakajairika uye zvinokanganisa mamiriro eshaya, kuumbwa kwetartar, kuruma kuumbwa uye kugaya chikafu.

Zvikonzero zvekuruma zvisirizvo

Zvinokonzera malocclusion zvinogona kuva zvekuzvarwa, genetic, uye kuwanikwa kwehupenyu hwose.

Congenital malocclusion haigone kudziviswa, uye kuvharika kwakajairwa muvabereki hakusi vimbiso yekuti vana vavo havazove nekutsauka mukuvhara kweshaya uye kukura kwezino.

Genetic abnormalities mukukura kweshaya kazhinji haigone kugadziriswa.

Izvi zvinosanganisira undershot uye undershot. Izvi zvinowanzowanikwa mune pedigreed mhuka dzinovaraidza nekusarudza kubereka.

Muvana vembwa, izvi zvinogona kuva zvenguva pfupi kana shaya imwe ichikura nekukurumidza kupfuura imwe, uye pane mukaha unoenda sezvavanokura. Uyezve, muimbwa duku, panogona kuva nekusawirirana kuduku kusati kwachinja mazino emukaka kusvika kune molars, sezvo ukuru hwemazino emukaka huri maduku kudarika echigarire.

Kazhinji iwe unogona kuwana maonero ekuti kuruma kunoparadzwa nemitambo isina kunaka, mapfupa. Izvi zvinogona kunge zvakakonzerwa nengano, sezvo isu takatoratidza kuti ukuru hweshaya ndeyekutsauswa kwemajini.

Nekutsauka kwakawanikwa, zvese zvakanyanya kuoma, uye ivo vanobatwa nemamiriro ekuvharirwa, kudyisa kubva panguva iyo zvisikwa zvinoumbwa. Kukanganisa kunowanikwa kunogona kukonzera:

• Kutsiva kusina kunaka kwemazino kana kusarasikirwa kwemazino emukaka. Zvimwe zvinowanikwa mumhando dzembwa duku - Spitz, Toy Terrier, Chihuahua, Yorkshire Terrier;

• Kushaikwa kwevhitamini D uye calcium mukudya achiri mudiki uye panguva yekukura kwe fetal panguva yekuzvitakura mumabheti. Zvakajairwa muimbwa pane zvisina kuenzana kudya kwechisikigo;

• Kukuvara kweshaya kwechero etiology (chikonzero), matoyi akaomarara mumapupi madiki, kana mhedzisiro yekurova.

Kazhinji kazhinji, kutsauka kwakawanikwa kunoumbwa muimbwa ichiri mudiki kana mudumbu, zvakare zvinokwanisika kugadzirisa mamiriro aya mumatanho ekutanga.

Ngozi yemalocclusion

Kuruma kusina kunaka muimbwa, kuwedzera kune aesthetic side uye kutyorwa kwekunze, kunogona kutungamirira kumatambudziko ehutano.

Tartar, periodontitis, kuputika kwekutanga uye kurasikirwa kwemazino, stomatitis, kukuvadzwa kwemazino, miromo uye palate - zvose izvi zvinokonzerwa nekukura kwemazino kusina kunaka kana kusakura kweshaya.

Zvirwere zvegastrointestinal tract zvinogonawo kuitika. Nekuruma kusina kururama, mhuka haigoni kukuya zvokudya, kuibata uye kuichengeta mumuromo, izvo zvinotungamirira kukurumidza kudya kana, zvakasiyana, kudya kusina kunaka, somugumisiro, zvirwere zvemudumbu zvinokura - gastritis, pancreas - pancreatitis uye matumbo. - enterocolitis.

Kuwedzeredza kwemitsipa yemutsipa kunoonekwawo mumhuka dzine malocclusion. Kazhinji kazhinji izvi zvinoitika nemhuka huru dzinovaraidza dzinodhonza tambo mumitambo, kupfeka matanda. Imbwa haigoni kubata zvakanaka uye kubata chinhu mumuromo mayo kana shaya isina kunyatsovharika, zvichiita kuti ishandise uye kusimbisa tsandanyama dzemutsipa kupedza basa racho. Mumhuka dzakadaro, mutsipa wakakotama, wakaoma, mhasuru dziri mu hypertonicity, dzinokuvadza.

Kugadziriswa kwemalocclusion mumbwa

Kugadziriswa kwekurumwa mumbwa kwakaoma uye kwete nguva dzose inogoneka maitiro. Zvinotora mwedzi yakati wandei uye dzimwe nguva hazvitungamiri pakuruma kwakaringana, asi zvinongobvumidza iwe kuti uswedere pedyo nazvo.

Kuti uchinje kureba kweshaya, nzira dzokuvhiya dzekurapa dzinoshandiswa, zvinosuruvarisa, hadzisi nguva dzose dzinoshanda uye mukana wekushandiswa kwavo kunobva pakusiyana kwehurefu hwemashaya.

Kuti uchinje kugadzika kwemazino uye kutungamira kwekukura kwavo kune yakajairika, orthodontic midziyo yemhando inobviswa uye isingabviswe inoshandiswa:

• Bracket system. Braces makiyi anonamirwa kumazino, orthodontic arch ine zvitubu yakaiswa pavari, inokwezva kana kusundira mazino, ichichinja nzira yekukura kwavo.

• Orthodontic ndiro. Chiratidzo cheshaya yembwa chinogadzirwa, ipapo ndiro inokandwa pamusoro payo uye yakaiswa mumuromo wemuromo. Zvakakosha kuti inokodzera chaizvo muhukuru uye haikuvadzi gums uye mucosa yemuromo.

• Gingival matai erabha. Makiyi akabatanidzwa nemazino maviri uye yakakosha elastic orthodontic cheni inodhonzwa pakati pavo, inodhonza mazino pamwechete. Tension inodzorwa nekupfupisa ma link ari mucheni.

• Kappa. Acrylic caps yemeno. Vanoiswa pamusoro pezvigadziriso zvose zvemazino uye kugadzirisa nzvimbo yemazino nekumanikidza.

Nzira yekururamisa inosarudzwa yega yega yega yemhuka neothodontist, sezvo zvichienderana nehuwandu hwekusiyana kwemazino, kutungamirirwa kwekukura kwavo uye chikonzero chemalocclusion.

dziviriro

Kuruma kwembwa, kutanga kwezvose, kunokanganiswa nekudya kwakanyatsogadzirwa. Zvakakosha kufunga nezvezvinodiwa zvembwa mune mavitamini uye kutsvaga zvinhu, zvichifunga nezvezera rayo uye hukuru. Paunenge uchidyisa nechikafu chechisikigo, zvinodikanwa kushandisa complexes yevhitamini uye mineral supplements, nyanzvi yezvekudya ichabatsira kudzora izvi. Pazvokudya zvakaoma, zvakakwana kudyisa nemutsara wezvokudya unokodzera zera uye uremu hwembwa, sezvo mugadziri atotora zvose. Zvakakoshawo kuti vanaamai vawane vhitamini D yakakwana pavanenge vaine pamuviri, sezvo izvi zvichikanganisa kukura kwemabhonzo nemazino muchibereko.

Iyo yemuromo inofanira kuongororwa nguva dzose.

Mazino ose anofanira kuva akatwasuka, mumutsara mumwe chete, wemuvara wakafanana. Gums - pink pink kana pink, pasina kuzvimba. Kunhuhwirira kunobva mumuromo hakugoni kuva kunopisa uye kwakasimba.

Sarudza matoyi akakodzera. Kuoma kwavo uye kukura kunoenderana nekukura kweshaya yembwa uye simba rayo. Rudzi rwemutambo rwakakoshawo. Semuenzaniso, zvakaoma kuongorora simba rako kana uchitamba kudhonza-kurwa, zvinogona kukuvadza mazino ako.

Usasanganise tubular mapfupa, matanda, uye mapurasitiki kubva pakuwana kwechipfuwo chako.

Kuruma mumbwa ndicho chinhu chikuru

1. Kuruma chaiko kunonzi chigero, uye chero kutsauka kubva pairi kunonzi malocclusion.

2. Kuti kuumbwa kwekurumwa kwakanaka, zvakakosha kuchengetedza kuenzana kwevhitamini D uye calcium mumakumbo ane pamuviri uye vana.

3. Mhuka dzakasiyana dzinogona kusiyana mumigariro yezvimiro zvekurumwa chaiko. Chimiro chemusoro chinokanganisa nzvimbo yemazino, nhamba yavo uye kureba kweshaya.

4. Occlusion pathologies inotungamirira kukura kwekukuvadzwa kusingaperi kwezvinyoro uye zvakaoma zvinyama zvemeno, mhuka haikwanisi kunyatsovhara shaya uye kudya.

5. Kurapa malocclusion, midziyo ye orthodontic yakaiswa, kusarudzwa kwemaitiro ekurapa kunoenderana nechikonzero uye rudzi rwemalocclusion.

6. Malocclusion, inokonzerwa neiyo genetic factor, haigone kurapwa.

Mhinduro kumibvunzo inowanzo bvunzwa