Habitat yeWhite Crane

Mhando dzakawanda dzemhuka nemiti dzakatoiswa muRed Book. Izvi zvinoreva kuti mamwe marudzi ari mungozi. The Siberian Cranes, huwandu hwema cranes hunogona kuwanikwa chete muRussia, ikozvino hwasvika pedyo nemuganhu wakadaro une ngozi.

Unoziva here kuti ndiani chaizvo watinoreva neshoko rekuti "sterkh"? Iyo Siberian Crane ndeimwe yevamiriri vakakura vemhando dze crane. Asi kusvika parizvino hapana zvakawanda zvinozivikanwa nezverudzi urwu.

Ngatinyatsoiongororai. Chokutanga pane zvose, kutarisa kunokweverwa pakuonekwa kweshiri. Iyo Siberian Crane yakakura kupfuura mamwe cranes, mune dzimwe nzvimbo inosvika kureba kwemamita 1,5, uye uremu hwayo huri mukati ma200 kusvika masere kg. Mapapiro acho ari 230-XNUMX centimita, zvichienderana nehuwandu hwevanhu. Kufamba nendege kure-kure hakuwanzo kurudzi urwu; vanosarudza kusabva mundima yavo, uko vane dendere nemhuri.

Uchaziva shiri iyi nemuromo wayo mutsvuku wakareba, wakapinza mumuromo, unoibatsira kudyisa. Uyewo, Siberian Crane inosiyaniswa nekuvapo kwemumvuri mutsvuku weganda rakapoteredza maziso uye pedyo nemuromo, asi hapana minhenga. Ndokusaka crane ichionekwa kubva kure. Ndichitaura nezveruvara uye zvimwe zvinhu, ndinoda kuwedzera makumbo marefu epingi, mutsara weminhenga miviri pamuviri, uye mavara eorenji akasviba anogona kunge ari pamuviri uye mumutsipa we cranes yerudzi urwu kune runyorwa.

Mune vanhu vakuru veSiberian Cranes, maziso anowanzoita yero, nepo nhiyo dzinoberekwa nemaziso ebhuruu, ayo anoshandura ruvara chete mushure mehafu yegore. Ivhareji yehupenyu hwemhando iyi makore makumi maviri, uye hapana subspecies inogadzirwa. Musoro weSiberian Cranes unosiyaniswa nekugara kwenzvimbo uye unogara chete munharaunda yeRussia, usingamboisiye.

Mazuva ano, nhamo, macranes eWest Siberian ari pedyo nekutsakatika, kune makumi maviri chete. Iri ndiro basa reInternational Cranes Conservation Fund, iyo yakaonekwa kare kare - muna 20, uye inodanwa kuti iongorore dambudziko iri.

Sezvatakatonyora pano, crane chena inoshongedza dendere rayo mukati meRussia chete, asi painotonhora uye chando chotanga, vanodirana vachitsvaga mamiriro ekunze anodziya. Kazhinji, Siberian Cranes yechando padyo nemhenderekedzo yeGungwa reCaspian, kana mumachakwi eIndia, uye dzimwe nguva kuchamhembe muIran. Cranes vanotya vanhu, uye izvi zvinoruramiswa, sezvo vanovhima zvisiri pamutemo vanowanikwa pese pese.

Asi panongosvika chitubu, uye nekudziya kwayo, Siberian Cranes inodzokera kunzvimbo dzavanogara. Iwo chaiwo matunhu ekwavanogara iKomi Republic, kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweYakutia neArkhangelsk. Zvinoshamisa kuti zvakaoma kuona mune dzimwe nzvimbo.

Nzvimbo dzinonyanya kufarirwa dzeSiberia Cranes machakwi uye nzvimbo dzine machakwi, kunyanya, tundra nemakwenzi. Iwe unogona kunge uchifarira izvo machena cranes anoshandisa mukunyora. Zvokudya zvavo zvakasiyana-siyana, uye zvinosanganisira zvose zvinomera uye nyama: kunze kwetsanga, zvinomera zvemumvura uye mamwe marudzi emabriji, zvinodya hove, makonzo uye zvipembenene zvisinganyanyi kufara. Asi muchando, vari kure nemusha, vanodya zvirimwa chete.

Munguva yekutama, zvisikwa izvi zvakakura hazvimbobata magadheni neminda yevanhu, nekuti maYakuts haana chaanopokana nenyaya yekuti cranes inosarudza nzvimbo dzadzo dzechando.

Sezvazvakazozivikanwa, nekuda kwekutyisidzirwa kwekuparara kwevanhu muYakutia, nzvimbo yekuchengetedza nyika yakatangwa. MaCranes mazhinji eSiberia akawana pokugara ipapo, ayo zvino akavanzwa zvakachengeteka kubva kune vanovhima zvisiri pamutemo uye njodzi dzinongoitika dzoga.

Vanhu vazhinji vanoziva kuti kune kumabvazuva uye kumadokero kweSiberia Cranes, mutsauko pakati pavo unongova munzvimbo yematendere avo. Zvinoshungurudza zvikuru kuti vese vari vaviri vari kuramba vachiderera: hapasisina vanopfuura zviuru zvitatu vasara. Sei huwandu hwema cranes machena huchidzikira nekukurumidza? Sezvineiwo, haisi poaching ndicho chikonzero chikuru, asi mamiriro ekunze uye mamiriro ekunze akaipa, kutonhora uye chando.

Matunhu anogara cranes ari kuchinja, ndicho chikonzero chekudiwa kwenzvimbo dzekuchengetera uye kubuda kwenzvimbo dzakagadzikana uye dzakakodzera nzvimbo dzekugara kweshiri idzi. Munguva yechando, mazhinji eSiberia Cranes anobhururuka achienda kuChina, uko, nekuda kwehunyanzvi hwekuvandudza nesainzi, nzvimbo dzakakodzera hupenyu hweshiri dzinonyangarika nekukurumidza. Kana dziri nharaunda dzePakistan, Russia neAfghanistan, vanovhima zvisiri pamutemo vanotyisidzira crane ikoko.

Basa rekuchengetedza huwandu hwema cranes machena chinhu chakakosha nhasi. Izvi zvakasarudzwa panguva yekutambirwa kweChibvumirano Chekuchengetedzwa kweMhuka Dzinotamira kune Mamwe Matunhu. Masayendisiti akawanda anobva kunyika dzinogara Siberian Cranes anosangana makore maviri oga oga pamusangano uye anokurukura nzira itsva dzokuchengetedza nokudzivirira shiri dziri mungozi yokutsakatika.

Tichifunga nezvezvinhu zvese izvi zvinosuruvarisa, chirongwa cheSterkh chakagadzirwa uye chiri kushanda, uye basa rayo guru nderekuchengetedza uye kuwedzera iyi isingawanzowanikwi, yakanaka mhando dzema cranes, zvichijairisa kugona kwavo kubereka marudzi avo uye kuwedzera huwandu hwevanhu.

Pakupedzisira, kune zvose zvatinoziva, ndinodawo kuona kuti chokwadi ndecheiyi: pane mukana mukuru wekuti Siberian Cranes ichakurumidza kupera zvachose. Naizvozvo, mamiriro ezvinhu aya, nekurudyi, idambudziko repasi rose padanho repasirese. Cranes anodzivirirwa munzira dzese dzinobvira uye vanoedza kuchengeta nhamba yavo, zvishoma nezvishoma vachiwedzera.