Nzira yekuziva sei bonde rehuku: cockerel chick kana hen chick

Mubvunzo wekuti ungaziva sei zvepabonde zvehuku inobvunzwa nevaridzi vakawanda veimba uye varimi vekutanga, kwavari zvakakosha zvikuru. Ndiani achazove huku yehuku, huku kana jongwe, ndinoda kuziva kubva pakutanga. Mushure mezvose, huku dzichakandira mazai uye kupa nyama yakanaka neminhenga. Kana ichi chisiri chinhu chinonyanya kukosha, ipapo cockerels inosarudzwa.

Nzira dzevanhu - nzira yekuziva nayo zvepabonde yehuku

Kugadzirisa nyaya iyi (nzira yekuziva bonde rehuku) kune nzira dzakawanda. Uye munyaya iyi, uchenjeri hwevanhu hahusi hwakaderera kune sainzi uye hunoshandiswa mukuita pahwaro hwakaenzana nemitoo yese yesainzi. Saka ngativatarisei muhurongwa:

1. Imwe nzira yekuziva kuti nhiyo ibonde ndeyekuibata nechepahuro uye kuona kuti nhiyo yacho inobata sei makumbo aro. Huku hadzi, kureva huku, inoedza kumonyorora nzwara nekusimudza makumbo. Asi mumunhu "murume" paws acharembera zvakafanana.
2. Nzira yechipiri yekuziva kuti huku kwehuku ndekupi kudzidza maitiro ayo kana yakabatwa nemakumbo ayo. Maererano nenzira iyi, huku dzemangwana dzichasimudza misoro yadzo kumusoro, uye jongwe remangwana richarembera chinyararire.
3. Pamberi peincubator, unogona kuona kutevedzana kwekutanga kuchechenywa nhiyo mune kazhinji hen, uye iyo inozoonekwa gare gare ichava majongwe.
4. Sezvavanokura, vakadzi nevarume vanoita zvakasiyana kubva kune mumwe. Kana huku dzinenge mavhiki matatu kana kupfuura, zvino mumamiriro ezvinhu anonetsa kwavari, vanoita zvakasiyana maererano nepabonde ravo. Kana iwe ukavavhundutsa, ipapo majongwe emangwana achamira pakudzivirira nemisoro yavo yakakwirira uye yakakwirira. Zvisinei, huku dzoita sedzisina kupfakanyika, dzodzikisa musoro dzogara pasi.
5. Iwe unogona zvakare kuona bonde rehuku neruvara rwe scallop. Muhuku, idiki uye yero. Nepo muvarume zvinonyanya kuoneka uye zvine ruvara rutsvuku. Izvi zvinobvumira nhiyo kuti dzirongedzwe nekururama kukuru.
6. Neruvara rwe fluff, unogona zvakare kuona hono dzechirume nedzechikadzi. Huku dzerudzi rwakasiyana-siyana dzine mavara akasiyana mumisoro kana mitsetse, asi muhuku dzejongwe, mavara anosiyanisa aya hapana. Chimwe chiratidzo minhenga. Zviri nyore kwazvo kuona bonde rehuku kubva mairi, cockerels fledge gare gare kupfuura hen.

Nzira dzesainzi dzekuona kuti huku kwehuku

Mukuwedzera kune izvi zviratidzo zvekare, kune zvakare nzira dzesainzi kuona bonde rehuku. Izvi zvinosanganisira:

• Japanese nzira
• cytogenetic nzira
• molecular genetic.

Ventsecig kana nzira yeJapan

Iyi nzira yekutsunga yakagadzirwa muhafu yekutanga yezana ramakore rechimakumi maviri muJapan. Inosanganisira kuongorora nhiyo dzemazuva-dzekuonekwa kwe cloaca uye kuwana tubercle yesikarudzi pamadziro ayo emukati, nekuti inosiyana zvakanyanya muhukuru uye chimiro muhuku uye cockerels. Parizvino, nzira iyi inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukupfuya huku pasi rose. Panguva imwecheteyo, nhamba dzinoratidza kuti nzira iyi inobvumira vashandi vane ruzivo rwakanyanya vane ruzivo rwekushanda kwenguva refu kuti vaone zvepabonde yehuku yehuku nehupamhi hwe 92-96%, asi kukurumidza kwebasa kunosvika 600-800 vanhu paawa. .

Iyo yakaderera yeventsexing mukana wekutapukirwa kwevanhu vane intestinal microflora, pamwe nekukuvara.

Iyi nzira inokurudzirwa kuti iitwe mukati menguva maawa matanhatu kusvika gumi nematanhatu mushure mokunge nhiyo dzaputika, ipapo mumunhu hunhu hwepabonde hwatotanga kutsvedzerera uye zvakanyanya kuoma kuona huku kana jongwe.

Kutenderera kwakazara kwekutsunga pabonde kunosanganisira nzira dzinotevera: kutora nhiyo, kuongorora mamiriro, kubvisa zviri mukati me rectum yayo uyezve kuvhura cloaca yemunhu. Ipapo nhiyo dzese dzinogovaniswa mumabhokisi akasiyana zvichienderana nebonde ravo. Kuti uchenese rectum, shandisa chigunwe, index uye zvigunwe zvepakati zveruoko umo chick inowanikwa kuti isvinire mudumbu uye kumativi. Zvadaro, uchiibata muruoko rwako, itendeudzira pasi, wobva wabata makumbo nerumwe ruoko woapinza pakati pepakati neminwe yeminwe. Hazvina kudikanwa kusvina chick zvakasimba, sezvo izvi zvichaomesa kuongorora.

Kuvhura kwakaringana kwe cloaca ndiyo nguva yakakosha pakuona kuti nhiyo ndeyapi. Mushure mekugadzirisa munhu munzvimbo iyi, zvakakosha kunyatsoshandura rusvingo rwemukati rwe cloaca kunze kubva kurutivi rwedumbu. Pamusoro pechikamu ichi, varume vanenge vaine tubercle yesikarudzi, iyo huku isingave nayo.

Cytogenetic nzira

Iyi nzira inobva pakutsunga kwepabonde yehuku yezuva-kare nekaryotype ye-fast-acting feather pulp cells. Z-chromosome yevarume ndiyo yakareba metacentric yekaryotype, asi muhuku, W-chromosome idiki zvakapetwa ka10 pane W-chromosome iri submetacentric. Nehuwandu hweZ-chromosomes, munhu anogona kuona bonde remunhu nekudzidza mitosis yemaseru emunhenga pulp cell nenzira yecytogenetic. Kana paine chromosome imwe chete, zvino iyi ihuku, kana pane machromosomes maviri, zvino izvi zvinoratidza murume wepabonde.

Molecular genetic nzira

Iyi nzira inosanganisira mukana wekutemerwa pabonde nekudzima hybridization yeropa DNA ine chaiyo primer. Bonde remunhu wechidiki rinotemerwa nekurongeka zvese mukuongororwa kwemasampuli eDNA yakacheneswa uye pakudzidza ropa rose, yakagezwa erythrocytes. Nekudaro, iyo molecular genetic nzira inodhura uye inopedza nguva.