Orlovsky trotter
Nhoroondo yerudzi
Orlovsky trotter, kana Orlov trotter, rudzi rwemabhiza akareruka ane simba rakagadzika nhaka refrisky trot, iyo isina analogues munyika.
Yakarererwa muRussia, mupurazi reKhrenovsky stud (dunhu reVoronezh), richitungamirwa nemuridzi wayo Count A. G. Orlov muhafu yechipiri yezana ramakore rechi XNUMX - kutanga kwezana ramakore rechi XNUMX nenzira yakaoma kuyambuka uchishandisa chiArabic, Danish, Dutch, Mecklenburg. , Friesian nemamwe marudzi.
Iyo Orlovsky trotter yakawana zita rayo kubva kuzita remusiki wayo, Count Alexei Orlov-Chesmensky (1737-1808). Kuva nyanzvi yemabhiza, Count Orlov akatenga mabhiza anokosha emarudzi akasiyana-siyana mukufamba kwake muEurope neAsia. Akanyanya kukoshesa mabhiza erudzi rweArabia, ayo kwemazana emakore akawanda akayambuka nemhando dzakawanda dzeEurope dzemabhiza kuitira kuvandudza kunze uye mukati hunhu hwekupedzisira.
Nhoroondo yekusikwa kweOryol trotter yakatanga muna 1776, apo Count Orlov akaunza kuRussia yakakosha uye yakanaka kwazvo yeArabia stallion Smetanka. Yakatengwa nemari yakawanda - 60 zviuru zvesirivha kubva kuTurkey Sultan mushure mekukunda kukunda muhondo neTurkey, uye pasi pekuchengetedzwa kwemauto kwakatumirwa nenyika kuRussia.
Smetanka aive akakura zvisina kujairika kurudzi rwake uye bhiza rakanaka kwazvo, akawana zita rake remadunhurirwa resutu yegrey, inenge chena, seur cream.
Sezvakarongwa naCount Orlov, rudzi rutsva rwebhiza rwaifanirwa kuva neunhu hunotevera: kuva hukuru, hunoyevedza, hwakabatana hwakavakwa, hwakanaka pasi pechigaro chechigaro, muhuni uye mugejo, zvakaenzana zvakanaka muparade uye muhondo. Vaifanira kutsungirira mumamiriro okunze akaipa okuRussia uye kutsungirira madaro marefu nemigwagwa yakaipa. Asi chainyanya kudiwa pamabhiza aya chaive chinotyisa, chakajeka, sezvo bhiza rinotsika-tsika risinganeti kwenguva refu uye rinozunguza ngoro zvishoma. Mumazuva iwayo, kwaive nemabhiza mashoma anotyisa patrot uye aikosheswa zvakanyanya. Mhuka dzakaparadzana dzaizomhanya zvakadzikama, dzakareruka dzakange dzisipo zvachose.
Mushure mekufa kwaOrlov muna 1808, muti weKhrenovsky wakaendeswa kune vatungamiri veSerf Count V. I. Shishkin. Kuve muchengeti webhiza ane tarenda kubva pakuzvarwa uye nekucherechedza nzira dzekudzidzisa dzaOrlov, Shishkin akabudirira kuenderera mberi nebasa rakatanga natenzi wake kugadzira rudzi rutsva, izvo zvino zvaida kubatanidzwa kweunhu hunodiwa - kunaka kwemafomu, kureruka uye nyasha dzekufamba uye a. frisky, steady trot.
Mabhiza ose, ari pasi peOrlov uye pasi peShishkin, akaedzwa kuti aite sei, apo mabhiza kubva pazera remakore matatu aityairwa pa trot ye 18 versts (anenge 19 km) nenzira yeOstrov - Moscow. Muzhizha, mabhiza muRussia harness ane arc akamhanya mu droshky, munguva yechando - mune sleigh.
Count Orlov akatanga iyo yaizivikanwa yeMoscow Races, iyo yakakurumidza kuva varaidzo huru yeMuscovites. Muzhizha, makwikwi eMoscow akaitwa pamunda weDonskoy, munguva yechando - pachando cheMoscow River. Mabhiza aifanira kumhanya pane yakajeka chivimbo trot, kuchinja kune gallop (kukundikana) kwakasekwa uye kunyadziswa nevanhu.
Kutenda kune Oryol trotters, trotting sport yakazvarwa muRussia, uyezve muEurope, kwavakashinga kutengeswa kunze kwenyika kubva kuma1850 - 1860s. Kusvika kuma1870s, maOryol trotters aive akanakisa pakati pemhando dzechiedza, dzaishandiswa zvakanyanya kuvandudza bhiza muRussia uye dzakaunzwa kuWestern Europe neUSA.
Rudzi urwu rwakabatanidza unhu hwebhiza guru, rakanaka, rakaoma, rinokweverwa nyore, rinokwanisa kutakura ngoro inorema pakufamba kwakadzikama, nyore kutsungirira kupisa uye kutonhora panguva yebasa. Pakati pevanhu, iyo Oryol trotter yakapiwa maitiro "pasi pemvura uye gavhuna" uye "gejo uye kushamisira." Oryol trotters dzave dzinofarirwa nemakwikwi epasi rose uye World Horse Shows.
Zvimiro zvekunze kwerudzi
Oryol trotters ari pakati pemabhiza makuru. Kureba pakusvava 157-170 cm, avhareji uremu 500-550 kg.
Iyo Oryol trotter yemazuva ano ibhiza rakagadzirwa zvakabatana, rine musoro mudiki, wakaoma, mutsipa wakakwirira-wakaita senge curve, yakasimba, muscular musana uye makumbo akasimba.
Mavara anonyanya kuzivikanwa ndeegrey, grey, grey tsvuku, dappled grey, uye grey yakasviba. Kazhinji kunewo bay, dema, zvishoma kazhinji - tsvuku uye roan mavara. Brown (yakatsvuka nemuswe wakasviba kana wakasviba muswe uye mane) uye nightingale (yellow ane chiedza muswe uye mane) Oryol trotters haawanzoitiki, asi anowanikwawo.
Zvikumbiro uye kubudirira
Iyo Orlovsky trotter imhando yakasarudzika isina analogues munyika. Pamusoro pemijaho yekutsika-tsika, hombe uye inoyevedza Oryol trotter inogona kushandiswa zvinobudirira mune dzinenge marudzi ese emitambo yemabhiza - dressage, kuratidza kusvetuka, kutyaira uye kungokwira maamateur. Muenzaniso wakanaka weiyi ndeye grey stallion Balagur, uyo, pamwe chete nemutasvi wake Alexandra Korelova, akakunda kakawanda makwikwi akasiyana-siyana ehurumende uye ezvokutengeserana muRussia nekune dzimwe nyika.
Korelova naBalagur, vachitora nzvimbo mumakumi mashanu epamusoro eInternational Equestrian Federation, vaive nhamba yekutanga muRussia kwenguva yakareba uye vakatora yakanakisa pakati pevatasvi vese vekuRussia, yechi25, pa2004 Athens Olympics.
