Nheyo yekushanda kweiyo biofilter ye aquarium, maitiro ekugadzira biofilter nemaoko ako kubva nyore nzira dzakagadziriswa.

Mvura, sezvamunoziva, ndiyo tsime rehupenyu, uye mu aquarium zvakare inzvimbo yehupenyu. Hupenyu hwevazhinji vagari veiyo aquarium hunoenderana zvakananga nemhando yemvura iyi. Wakamboona here matengesi avanoita hove mumahombekombe egungwa asina sefa? Kazhinji idzi ihove dzebetta, dzisingagoni kuchengetwa pamwe chete. Chiratidzo chemvura ine madhaka nehove yehafu-yakafa haisi kunyanya kufadza ziso.

Saka, tinogona kugumisa kuti pasina sefa, hove dzakaipa, saka ngatitarisei nyaya iyi zvakadzama.

Kusiyana-siyana kwemasefa nemabasa

Mvura yacho inogona kuva nezvakawanda zvinhu zvisingadiwi munyika dzakasiyana. Zvakare, kune marudzi matatu emasefa akagadzirirwa kubvisa zvinhu izvi kubva mumvura:

• mechanical filter inoteya zvidimbu zvemarara asina kunyunguduka mumvura;
• sefa yekemikari inosunga makemikari akanyungudutswa mumvura. Muenzaniso wakapfava wesefa yakadaro activated carbon;
• sefa yebhayoloji inoshandura makemikari ane chepfu kuita asiri ane chepfu.

Yekupedzisira yemasefa, ari biological, ndiyo ichave yakatarisana nechinyorwa ichi.

Iyo biofilter chinhu chakakosha cheiyo aquarium ecosystem

Chirevo che "bio" chinogara chichireva kuti tupukanana mhenyu zvinobatanidzwa mukuita, zvakagadzirira kuchinjana kunobatsira. Izvi zvinobatsira mabhakitiriya anotora ammonia, kubva kune iyo vagari vemu aquarium vanotambura, vachiishandura kuva nitrite uye vozoita nitrate.

Icho chinhu chakakosha cheaquarium ine hutano sezvo angangoita ese ma organic compounds anoora, kugadzira ammonia inokuvadza. Nhamba yakakwana yebhakitiriya inobatsira inodzora huwandu hweammonia mumvura. Zvikasadaro, vanhu vanorwara kana vakafa vachaonekwa mu aquarium. Panogona zvakare kuve nealgae boom kubva mukuwanda kweorganics.

Nyaya yacho inoramba iri diki kugadzira nzvimbo yekugara mabhakitiriya uye nzvimbo yakasununguka.

Garai mumakoroni emabhakitiriya

Utachiona hunofanira kugara pane imwe nzvimbo, iyo chete nzira yavanogona kutanga hupenyu hwavo huzere. Iyi ndiyo pfungwa yose yebiofilter, iyo imba yebhakitiriya inobatsira. Iwe unongoda kurega mvura ichiyerera kuburikidza nayo uye iyo filtration process ichatanga.

Mabhakitiriya akadaro anowanikwa pane zvese zve aquarium, ivhu uye zvinhu zvekushongedza. Chimwe chinhu ndechekuti kune maitiro ekushandura ammonia kuita nitrate vanoda oxygen yakawanda. Ndokusaka makoroni makuru asingakwanisi kuwanikwa munzvimbo dzisina kukwana oxygenation kana kusafamba zvakanaka kwemvura, uye makoroni madiki haashandiswe.

Mabhakitiriya anoiswawo pazvipanji zvemechanisefa, sarudzo dzine huwandu hukuru hwekuzadza dzakanyanya kunaka. Kune zvakare mamwe ekuwedzera anobatsira kune biofiltration, senge biowheel.

Kana nekuda kwechimwe chikonzero iwe usingakwanise kutenga yakanaka sefa kana iwe unofarira kugadzira yako, saka iri ibasa rinogoneka. Utachiona hunogara nokuzvidira zvose zviri musefa inodhura uye mune inogadzirwa kumba. Mhizha dzakagadzira mienzaniso yakawanda inoshanda, funga zvishoma zvacho.

Iyo ndiro-mu-girazi modhi

Zvishandiso zvekugadzirwa kwesefa zvinoda zvakanyanya nyore. Zvaunoda kugadzirira kuti utange:

• bhodhoro repurasitiki 0,5 l.;
• pombi yepurasitiki ine dhayamita inokodzera zvakakwana mumutsipa webhodhoro (yakaenzana nehupamhi hwemukati wemutsipa uyu);
• hurungudo diki 2-5 mm muhukuru;
• sintepon;
• compressor uye hose.

Bhodhoro repurasitiki rinotemwa kuita zvikamu zviviri zvisina kuenzana: pasi yakadzika uye ndiro duku kubva pamutsipa. Iyi mbiya inofanira kukwana muzasi yakadzika nekutambanudza. Pamusoro pekutenderera kwekunze kwendiro tinoita mitsara miviri yemakomba 2-4 ane dhayamita ye 5-3 mm, isa chubhu yepurasitiki mumutsipa. Zvakakosha kuona kana pane zvipingamupinyi pakati pemutsipa nechubhu, kana zviripo, bvisa izvi nekuratidza unyanzvi. Iyo tube inofanira kubuda zvishoma kubva pasi pembiya, mushure mokunge taisa peya iyi muhafu yechipiri yebhodhoro. Kana mbiya ichiiswa muzasi, chubhu inofanira kusimuka zvishoma pamusoro pechimiro chose, nepo chikamu chayo chepasi hachifanirwe kusvika pasi. Kana zvinhu zvose zvakaiswa zvakanaka, ipapo mvura inogona kuyerera nyore mairi.

Kana hwaro hwagadzirira, enda kune danho rinotevera - dururira 5-6 cm yematombo zvakananga mundiro uye uvhare ne padding layer. Isu tinoisa iyo compressor hose muchubhu uye tiisungirire zvakachengeteka. Inosara chete kuisa biofilter yepamba mumvura uye kubatidza compressor.

Iyi sefa iri nyore mukuita, pamwe nemusimboti wekushanda kwayo. Iyo yekugadzira winterizer inodiwa semechani sefa, kudzivirira hurungudo kuti isanyanya kusvibiswa. Mhepo kubva kune aerator (compressor) ichapinda mubiofilter tube uye pakarepo mhanya uchikwira kubva pairi. Iyi nzira inopinza mvura ine oxygen kuti ipfuure nepakati pematombo, ichiendesa okisijeni kubhakitiriya, yobva yayerera nemumakomba muzasi pechubhu uye yoburitswa mumvura mu aquarium.

Bhodhoro modhi

Uku kugadziridzwa kweyakagadzirwa biofilter kunodawo compressor. Kuigadzira iwe uchada:

• bhodhoro repurasitiki 1-1,5 litita;
• hurungudo, matombo kana chero imwe yekuzadza iyo inoshandiswa kugadzira biofiltration;
• chidimbu chakaonda chefoam rubber;
• machira epurasitiki ekugadzirisa foam rubber;
• compressor uye spray hose.

Nekubatsirwa kweawl, isu tinopa nerupo pasi pebhodhoro kuitira kuti mvura ibude nyore mukati mebhodhoro. Nzvimbo iyi inofanirwa kuputirwa nerabha yefuro uye yakagadzikwa nemaplastic clamps kuitira kuti matombo arege kusvibiswa nekukurumidza. Isu tinodururira iyo filler mubhodhoro kusvika inenge hafu, uye kubva kumusoro kuburikidza nemutsipa tinodyisa compressor hose ne sprayer.

Iyo saizi yebhodhoro inogona kusarudzwa yakakura, yakanyanya simba iyo compressor uye yakakura iyo aquarium pachayo. Nheyo yekushanda kweiyi biofilter ndeiyi inotevera - mvura inotorwa kubva mubhodhoro nekuda kweiyo airlift, ichikwevera mvura nepasi peforated pasi pebhodhoro. Nokudaro, huwandu hwose hwekuzadza hunowedzerwa neokisijeni. Izvo zvinodikanwa kuputira zvakaderera sezvinobvira kuitira kuti huwandu hwese hwematombo hushandiswe.

Mafirita emvura hombe

Kune avo vanotova neyakanaka mejini sefa, unogona kungoipedzisa. Iyo yekubuda kubva kune iyi sefa inofanirwa kusungirirwa mumudziyo wakavharwa nematombo kana imwe mazadza akakodzera chinangwa ichi, saka kuzadza kwakanyanyisa hakuna kukodzera. Kune rumwe rutivi, mvura yakachena ichapinda mutangi, ichipfumisa neokisijeni, uye, kune rumwe rutivi, ichabva. Nekuda kwekuti pombi inogadzira rwizi rune simba rwemvura, unogona kutora chigadziko chikuru chine matombo.

Kune mahombe emvura, ma biofilters ane simba akawanda anodiwa, aunogonawo kugadzira iwe pachako. Iwe unozoda 2 mafirita maflask ekuchenesa mvura yepombi uye pombi yekudziya muimba yega. Imwe flask inofanira kusara ine mechanical filter, uye yechipiri inofanira kuzadzwa, somuenzaniso, nematombo akanaka. Tinozvibatanidza hermetically pamwe chete tichishandisa hose dzemvura uye fittings. Mhedzisiro ndeye inoshanda canister-mhando yekunze biofilter.

Mukupedzisa, zvinofanirwa kutaurwa kuti zvese izvi zvingasarudzwa zvebiofilter ye aquarium zvakasununguka, zvisinei, zvinobatsira zvakanyanya kune yakanaka microclimate mu aquarium. Izvo zvakare zvinogoneka kuzadza aquarium ine algae nekupa mwenje wakanaka uye CO2. Zvirimwa zvinoitawo basa rakanaka rekubvisa ammonia kubva mumvura.