Chii chekudyisa mhuru ichangoberekwa: colostrum, mukaka wemhou uye mukaka wehupfu

Isati yabereka, mudumbu raamai, mhuru inogamuchira zvokudya zvose zvinodiwa uye mavhitamini kuburikidza nehurongwa hwekutenderera kweropa. Mumwedzi wapera, "fetus" inowedzera huremu kusvika 0,5 kg pazuva, uchishandisa zvinhu zvinodiwa pakukura. Mhuru yakazvarwa ine immune system isina kusimba nekudaro zvakakosha kuichengeta iine hutano pazera rechidiki. Kuomeswa kwakazara kwemuviri kuchaitika chete mugore nehafu, mhuru ichangobva kuberekwa haina kudzivirirwa kubva kune zvekunze.

Chii chekudyisa mhuru munguva yekutanga yehupenyu?

Kubva pakuzvarwa kusvika kumwedzi miviri yezera, mhuru inofanira kunge iri mukamuri iri yoga kubva kune dzimwe mhuka, umo pasina dhizaini, uye kunyange yakasununguka tembiricha yemhepo inogadzirwa. Chinonyanya kukosha kudya kwemwana achangoberekwa.

Colostrum

Chigadzirwa chakagamuchirwa kubva kumombe pakarepo mushure mekuzvarwa kwemwana chinonzi colostrum. Zvisikwa zvakatarisira mwana achangozvarwa uye mumaminitsi ekutanga mhuru inogamuchira masoja ekudzivirira chirwere ane colostrum kudzivirira kubva kuhutachiona. Iyo colostrum yakayamwa pakarepo inopinda muropa remwana, sezvo panguva yekutanga madziro emudumbu anowanikwa. Neawa imwe neimwe inopfuura, kupera kwegumbo rekudya kunoderera. Zviri mu colostrum kurodha mishonga yevhitamini A uye zvimwe zvinovaka muviri hazvigone kuzadzikiswa nezvimwe zvinovaka muviri.

Kushandiswa kwecolostrum yakaviriswa muhuwandu hunosvika 70 kg mumwedzi yekutanga yehupenyu hwemhuru. kusimbisa immune system yake mberi uye ichabatsira kudzivisa manyoka - chikonzero chikuru chekufa kwevana.

Mukaka wemombe

Mhuru ichangoberekwa inofanira kudya mukaka wamai vayo kwevhiki yekutanga. Kurongeka kwakanyatsorongeka kwezvinhu zvinodiwa uye mavhitaminzi kumwana achangoberekwa anofanira kuve nechokwadi chekubatanidzwa kwakasununguka mubasa rechikamu chechina chedumbu - abomasum. Zvitatu zvekutanga zvichatanga kushanda gare gare, apo roughage inowedzerwa zvishoma nezvishoma mukudya.

Pakadai, mukaka unofanira kudyiwa nemombe inoyamwa kana nemuzamu. Panguva yekuyamwa, mate anoburitswa, uye nawo ma enzymes ekugaya anopinda mudumbu. Ndosaka kuyamwisa kunofanira kunge kuri kuyamwa chete, uye kusanwa kubva mumugomo wemukaka wakasvibiswa kubva mumusanganiswa.

Kushandiswa kwekuyamwisa nemhuru yechibereko kana kudiridza kwekugadzira mupurazi rimwe nerimwe kunosarudzwa tichifunga nezvemutengo wemukaka mutsva uye mukaka unotsiva misanganiswa. Kudyisa nekurumurwa kubva muchibereko kunobvisa kuyamwisa uye manyoka anosanganisirwa eu8buXNUMXbmucheche. Mukaka uchanwiwa zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa, muhuwandu hweXNUMX% hwehuremu hwemhuru.

Kuchinjira kumukaka wehupfu

Kuyamwisa kwemwedzi miviri kudiwa kwemuviri wemuviri wemwana achangozvarwa. Wherein zvishoma nezvishoma inoita kuti pancreas uye chikamu chedumbu chinonzi vanga. Paunenge uchidya nemukaka wakakwana unotsiva mhuru, mitemo inotevera inocherechedzwa:

• cherechedza kuenzana kwekuderedzwa kwemusanganiswa;
• shandisa chete musanganiswa mutsva wakagadzirirwa;
• musanganiswa unogadzirirwa mumvura inodziya yakabikwa nekushisa kwe 38 - 40 degrees;
• cherechedza kuwanda kwekudyisa uye imwe nguva yakajairika.

Inokurudzirwa kuderedza upfu hwemukaka muchiyero che 1 kg pa 8 malita emvura. Muchiitiko ichi, zvakakosha kufunga nezvekuchinja kwehuwandu hwemusanganiswa unofanirwa kudhakwa paunenge uchiwedzera kuisa pfungwa pakudya kwemhuru kubva pavhiki yechina. Kubva panguva iyoyo Hupfu hwemukaka hauchashandiswi, uye musanganiswa wayo nemafuta akaderedzwa. Mumwedzi miviri, dumbu rinofanira kutanga kushanda uye rinodzidziswa ne coarse additives kubva oats kana bran.

Muzana remakore rapfuura, zvaitendwa kuti nguva yose yekudyisa mhuru kusvika kumwedzi miviri yezera inofanira kuitwa nemisanganiswa yemukaka wehupfu. Tekinoroji yemazuva ano inopa yakawedzera hupfumi asi yakaenzana inoshanda whey-based inotsiva. Iyi misanganiswa yemukaka inotsiva inonzi - inotsiva mukaka wese. Panguva imwecheteyo, mari yekudyisa zvipfuwo inoderedzwa ne2 nguva, uye chigumisiro chakanaka. Kuumbwa kwemusanganiswa kunosanganisira kusvika ku18% mafuta, 25% mapuroteni, mavitamini nemaminera. Chakakosha ndicho chiri mumukaka chinotsiva mushonga unorwisa manyoka.

Musanganiswa wakagadzirwa pahwaro hwekuvava-mukaka marara ekugadzira - buttermilk, skim mukaka uye whey, ine hutano hwakanyanya uye, zvichienderana nezera remwana ari kudyiswa. inogona kunge iine mapuroteni ekuwedzera Uye zvechokwadi mavitamini. Kugadzirira kwemhuru zvishoma nezvishoma kuti iite roughage idanho rakakosha rekudya kusvika kumwedzi miviri yezera.

Inoshandiswa mukuita yekudyisa mukaka inotsiva yakakamurwa:

• Mukaka inotsiva yemhando yepamusoro yakavakirwa pamukaka wakapfava.
• Mukaka inotsiva zero ine whey poda yemhando yepakati.
• Mushonga wemukaka ne whey uye yakaoma yemiriwo mapuroteni.

Anoshandiswa zvishoma nezvishoma mhuru painokura. Nhanho yekupedzisira ndeye kushandisa tangi ine yakawanda yakaoma musanganiswa. Kudya nemukaka wemukaka kunomiswa kana mhuru ikatanga kudya kusvika 0,5 kg pazuva rekutanga, kana yasvika kurema 60 kg kana kupera kwenguva yekuchengeta mukaka.

Kuumbwa kwemukaka wakaoma wakasanganiswa

Microelements uye mavhitaminzi anodiwa pakuvandudza mumasanganiswa akaoma ari muhuwandu hwakakwana uye ipa zvinodiwa zuva nezuva mhuru mavari. Iyo yakagadzirwa ine calcium, phosphorus, mhangura, iron uye mavhitaminzi anokosha.

Zviri mukati mezvikafu mumusanganiswa:

• crude protein - kusvika 20%;
• lysine - 1% uye pamusoro;
• mafuta emhuka - kusvika 20%;
• crude fiber - kusvika ku3%.

Upfu mukaka mhuru menyu

Kusanganiswa kunoshandiswa mumhando dzakasiyana pamwe nekuwedzerwa kwevhithamini uye akasiyana acidity nechinangwa che zootechnics. Saka, mukaka unotapira chinwiwa chinogadzirwa pasina acidification pa tembiricha inenge 39 madhigirii uye inodhakwa mumadhora, zvinoenderana neyakajairwa.

Musanganiswa wemukaka wakasvava unodyiwa uchidziya uye kuchitonhora. Mukaka unodziya unonwiwa zvishoma acidified mushure mekuita dilution. Izvi zvine mhedzisiro yakanaka pakuita kwedumbu, muchikamu chayo che abomasum.

Chinwiwa chinotonhora chinopiwa mumatanho ekupedzisira ekuyamwisa. Panguva imwecheteyo, mukaka unoiswa acidified neformic acid uye unopiwa muhuwandu.

Utano hwemhuru

Nekushandiswa kupi zvako kwemukaka wakasanganiswa, hazvibvumirwi kushandisa ndiro dzisina kushambwa, chengetedza mukaka mumatangi akazaruka. Huwandu hwedumbu remhuru hunenge rita rimwechete. Kudyisa zvakanyanya kunogona kukonzera kuvandudzwa kwehutachiona hwe putrefactive mumuviri uye zvigaro zvakasununguka. Pathogenic microbes yakawira netsvina uye yakavava chikafu ichashanda zvakare. Mhedzisiro yacho ichava manyoka, inouraya mhuru ichangoberekwa. Kuchengetedza hutsanana hwemhuru, kuchena mucheji uye kusanganiswa kunodziya nekuwedzera kwevhithamini, yakabikwa mumvura yakabikwa, ichabatsira kuchengetedza mwana ane utano. Panguva ino, mhuru yechishanu yoga yoga inofa ichiri mucheche.

Kufanana nechinhu chero chipi zvacho chipenyu, mhuru inoda mvura yekunwa kubva muvhiki rechipiri rehupenyu. Naizvozvo, pakati pekudyisa, mwana artiodactyl anofanira kugamuchira mvura kubva kune anonwa. Mudziyo unofanira kugara wakachena, uye mvura inogarochinjwa kuva yakachena.