Catfish synodontis: mhando dzemhando, mitemo yekuchengetedza uye zvimwe zvinhu + mufananidzo

Nhoroondo Pfupi yeSynodontis Soma

Synodontis catfish ihove yemvura yakachena kubva kumhuri ye cirrus catfish. Zita rechiLatin remhando iyi ndiro Synodontis. Katfish iyi inobva kumatunhu ari pakati peAfrica.

Synodontis inonyanya kufarirwa pakati peaquarist nekuda kwechimiro chavo chisina kujairika uye hunhu.

African catfish inogara yakamuka usiku uye inovanda masikati. Habitat - Lake Tanganyika uye Rwizi rweCongo. Vanosarudza nzvimbo dzine mvura dzakanyarara. Vamiririri verudzi urwu vakauya kuEurope pakati pezana remakore rechi20. Iwo ari nyore kuchengeta uye anogona kurarama kusvika makore XNUMX. Mukuwedzera, zvinotendwa kuti synodonts inopihwa "hunhu". Nezvikonzero izvi, catfish yerudzi urwu yakakurumidza kuve yakakurumbira pakati peaquarist pasi rese. Wese munhu anogona kusarudza synodontis yehukuru hunodiwa uye ruvara rwaunoda. Mhando iyi ine subspecies dzakawanda. Mumwe nomumwe wavo ane mazita akawanda.

Chitarisiko Chitarisiko

Muviri weSynodontis wakarebesa, wakatetepa wakananga kumuswe. Iyo dorsal curve yakakura kupfuura ventral curve. Ganda racho rakasimba uye rakafukidzwa nemakasi hunhu hwekatfish. Musoro mukuru une muromo wakapamhama. Muromo wezasi unowanzo kutaurwa kupfuura wepamusoro. Maziso anowanikwa kumativi. Mamwe marudzi ane maziso makuru (somuenzaniso, cuckoo catfish). Pane peya dzakawanda dzendebvu pedyo nemuromo. Nekubatsira kwavo, catfish inonzwa nzvimbo yakapoteredza usiku. Vanomubatsira kufamba murima.

Synodontis inoda ndebvu kuti itarise munzvimbo usiku

Rudzi rwemuviri runogona kusiyana kubva payellow kusvika kune grey-brown. Mavara anowanikwa mumuviri wese (saizi - kubva papunctate kusvika kune yakakura kutenderera). Iyo dorsal fin ine chimiro chetatu, maranzi akasiyana, prickly. Iyo pectoral fins yakareba (inobvumidza iwe kushambira nekukurumidza). Mwaranzi yakareba inonyatsooneka pamuswe weforogo.

Vanhu vega rega rega vane misiyano yavo yepabonde. Semuyenzaniso, shifter yechikadzi ine makwapa akakura kudarika echirume. Murume idiki pane hadzi. Iyo hono cuckoo inoonekwa zviri nyore neiyo yakakwira dorsal fin. Muviri wemurume unopenya uye mutete. Hadzi ye synodontis yakafukidzirwa yakakura kudarika murume. Dumbu rayo rinowedzera kutenderera, uye musoro wayo wakapamhama.

Mhando

Pakati pehuwandu hukuru hwemafomu e synodontis, marudzi akati wandei akawana mukurumbira wakakura (izvi zvinonyanya kukonzerwa nekupenya kwekunze maficha):

• gomo rakafukidzwa ( Synodontis eupterus );
• shifter ( Synodontis nigriventris );
• кукушка (Synodontis multipunctatus);
• synodontis petricola (Synodontis petricola);
• synodontis maziso akafara (Hemisynodontis membranaceus).

Tafura yekuenzanisa: marudzi e synodontis

Photo gallery: anonyanya kufarirwa marudzi

Chimiro cheshifter catfish ndechekuti inoshambira nedumbu kumusoro

Chimiro chekatfish yakakura muhobvu, "webbed" ndebvu

Chinhu chakasiyana chepetricola catfish musoro wakatambanudzirwa kumhino, wakatsetseka kubva kumusoro.

Iyo zvimbi uye muswe wevheiri catfish yakareba, sechitima

Chimiro checuckoo catfish mumaziso mahombe uye nedivi rimwe chena muganho pane dorsal fin.

Zvimiro zvekuchengetedza uye kutarisira

Synodontis catfish haina kuzvikudza mukutarisira, asi inoda kugadzikana. Soma inoda nharaunda inotonhorera uye nzvimbo yega. Anofanira kunzwa semuridzi weiyo aquarium. Imwe synodont diki inoita zvakanaka mutangi re20 cm. Asi kana uine hove yakakura-mouthed, inogona kukura kusvika 25 centimita (kana kupfuura). Nokudaro, munhu mukuru anoda aquarium ine simba rinosvika 200 litres. Mazhinji aquarist anozadza hove nyowani kutanga mune diki aquarium, uye sezvo vanhu vanokura, vanotora yakawanda capacious mudziyo.

Chimwe chezvinosungirwa zvinodiwa pakuronga aquarium kuvepo kwepokugara. Kana iwe uine catfish chete, hazvidikanwi kuunganidza pasi rose ne snags uye grottoes. Catfish ine mwero uye yakasimba ichashandisa chinhu chimwe chete. Kana iwe ukabvisa chivako chaajaira, acharamba achizvikudza. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, hove yakagumbuka inogona kutora nzvimbo mukona ye aquarium kana, semuenzaniso, pasi pesefa. Naizvozvo, panofanirwa kuve neakawanda pekugara mu aquarium sezvo paine synodontis mienzaniso mairi.

Synodontis catfish inoda pokugara

Pekugara panodiwa kuitira kuti catfish ivande mairi masikati. Uyewo mu aquarium inofanira kuva zvirimwa (anubias, cryptocoryne kana echinodorus). Broadleaf algae ichapa mumvuri wakasununguka (senge pekugara). Changelings kunyanya vanofarira kuvanza pasi pemashizha akadaro. Mukuwedzera, iwe unogona kudyara Java moss mu aquarium. Chero zvazvingava, zvinomera zvinofanira kuchengetedzwa zvakachengeteka. Kana iyo algae yakasarudzwa isina midzi yakasimba, mapoto anokosha anogona kuiswa.

Ivhu rinofanira kuva rakachengeteka (jecha rerwizi, matombo maduku, matombo akapwanyika, nezvimwewo). Ivhu rakakodzera ukobvu i7 centimita. Chokwadi ndechekuti catfish inofamba nechepazasi ichitsvaga chikafu, ichinzwa pasi nemashavi avo. Mune mamwe marudzi eSynodontis, antennae yakatetepa uye yakatetepa. Kana mu aquarium mune matombo akaoma, anopinza, catfish inogona kukuvadza nhengo yayo huru yekunhuhwirira. Uyezve, dzimwe catfish dzinofarira "kunyura" muvhu nemhino dzadzo.

Nyeredzi catfish synodontis ngirozi kakawanda kupfuura vamwe "inopinza" mhino yayo mujecha (inoifembedza, inochera mujecha nemuromo wayo)

Mvura parameters, chiedza uye zvimwe zvinhu

Synodontis organism inojaira kune isina kwayakarerekera pH chiyero. Mvura inofanira kudziya (24–28 °C) uye yakaoma. Kana mvura yakanyanya kupfava, unogona kushandisa makorari machipisi kuti uwedzere kuoma. Zvakakosha kugutsa mvura neokisijeni uye sefa. Catfish inotungamira mararamiro epasi, saka kuunganidzwa kwemarara epasi pasi kunogona kukanganisa hutano hwavo. Saizvozvo, zvinodikanwa kupuruzira ivhu (kucheneswa nechishandiso chakakosha) uye kutsiva mvura kamwechete pavhiki (15-20%).

Vanogara mumvura yakaoma, zvinhu zvose zvinoratidzika sezvakanaka, kutonhora kunenge 26 degrees. Vanoda kuchera muvhu, havatadzisi zvinomera uye dzimwe hove (kwete kuverenga fry, kana vakazvibata, ivo vachazvidya). Macichlids angu haanyanyi kuabata, iwo mitsetse mitema chete inodzingwa kubva mudendere radzo panguva yekubereka. Pakugovana pekugara, mumwe akawana zvakanaka, vakadzingirirana zvekuti mvura yakapfachuka, uye zvino mumwe ane mavanga ehondo uye asina ndebvu.

Mutongi we synodontis

Izvo zvinodikanwa kuvhenekera iyo aquarium, asi zvinorema-basa marambi zvine sarudzo. Chiedza chichave chakakosha kumiti, uye catfish haina hanya nazvo. Kana iwe wakaisa mudziyo wekuvhenekesa, saka unogona kushandiswa kusvika pakubereka. Nekuuya kwemhuka diki, iyo aquarium inofanirwa kuve yakasviba.

Vhidhiyo: golden synodontis inotarisa nharaunda

Kudyisa mitemo

African catfish dzinenge omnivorous, asi mangwanani vanozviratidza sezvikara. Hove idzi dzinogona kupihwa chikafu chipenyu, semakonye eropa. Vamwe havarambi zvokudya zvakaoma kana zvine mapuroteni. Vanoda chikafu chine moyo uye chakakora (havashore hove diki). Mamwe aquarist anodyisa mhuka dzavo dzemhuka ne shrimp kana nyama yakasvibirira. Asi kana izvi zvikaitwa kazhinji, ipapo catfish ichajaira kudya nyama, iyo nekufamba kwenguva "ichadzidzisa" mhuka inoparadza mairi.

Husiku, vagari vemo mustachioed ve aquarium vanotsvaga pazasi vachitsvaga chikafu uye vanogona kumedza nekusaziva, semuenzaniso, guppies kana zebrafish. Naizvozvo, kana ukapuruzira catfish nenyama, zviri nani usiku. Kazhinji, Synodontis inosarudza. Kana zvokudya zvinowa kubva kumusoro zvichiita sokunaka kwavari kupfuura zviri pasi, ivo vachazvidya. Kazhinji, zvinotevera zvekudya zvinoshandiswa kudyisa hove dzepasi:

• AL Motyl;
• Tetra TabiMin uye Tetra PlekoMin;
• Sera Viformo;
• Sera Premium Spirulina Tabs nezvimwe.

Vhidhiyo: maviri synodontis anogovera piritsi rekudya

Ko synodontis inogona kudya hozhwa nemiti

Iwe unogona kudzikisira hunhu hwekupamba mu catfish chete nekuijairira kune chikafu chezvinomera. Hove dzepazasi dzinogona kupihwa chikafu chakasarudzika chemiriwo kana zvakajairwa zvakasvibirira (mashizha edandelion, sipinashi, magaka, zucchini, nezvimwewo). Mukuwedzera, iyo catfish haizorambi oatmeal. Asi dzinofanira kutanga dzadirwa nemvura inopisa, kana zvisina kudaro dzichanyanya kuoma.

Iwe unogona kuedza kukanganisa hunhu hweSynodontis nekumupa chikafu chekudyara.

Katfish haife nenzara, nyangwe ikasadyiswa kwezuva rimwe kana maviri. Asi kana iwe ukadyisa, uye kunyange nechikafu chemhuka, hove dzinogona kurwara, sezvo catfish inowanzoita kufutisa.

Kana muridzi weiyo aquarium asiri fan we "chibayiro", saka haugone kudyisa catfish nehozhwa nemaune. Dzimwe nguva synodontis inodya hozhwa, asi izvi hazvisi nekuda kwehasha kana kukuvadza. Ndizvo chete kuti kana catfish yakabuda, somuenzaniso, usiku kunotsvaka zvokudya, asi isina kuwana zvokudya pasi, ipapo hozhwa inogona kuita sechimedu chinokwezva chenyama kwaari. Kunyangwe iyo cuckoo catfish, iyo muzvisikwa inodya hozhwa chete, haigone kubata iyo aquarium kana ikawana imwe sarudzo yechikafu.

Kuenderana nedzimwe hove

Chiyero chikuru mukusarudzwa kwevavakidzani vekatfish hukuru (iwe unofanirwa kusungirira catfish kuhove dzehukuru hwakafanana). Imwe pfungwa inokosha ibasa rehove. Somuenzaniso, hove inononoka inogona kuramba ine nzara nemhaka yekatfish. Synodontis inofambidzana zvakanaka nemacichlids uye koi. Mamiriro ekuchengetedza hove akafanana, uye vavakidzani vanoenzana kune mumwe nemumwe. Kurwisana pakati pe synodontis ne cichlids kunogona kumuka mumazuva ekutanga ekutanga, apo varume vanoedza kuratidza kutonga kwavo.

Koi ita vavakidzani vakanaka ve synodontis

Intraspecific kuenderana kunoenderana nesimba uye zera revanhu. Saka, munhu mukuru uye hombe hombe anogona "kudzinga" diki diki catfish kubva pekugara kuti atore nzvimbo iyi pachayo. Vanhu vakasimba zvakare vanopona vasina simba munzvimbo dzakavhurika dze aquarium.

Dalmatian wangu ave ne 12 years achirarama, haasati amboita zvekudzoka, chinhu chega ndechekuti akadya ampoule, haungamubvisire izvozvo. Dzimwe hove dzose dzinongofuratirwa, sezvadzakaita. Husiku, "inobhururuka" ichitenderedza aquarium, ichipeperedzera kumusoro kwayo "shark" fin. Nekuti hunhu husina mutsa hwevakomana ava huchiri mubvunzo, vane mutsa uye vakangwara.

Muridzi wechikuru synodontis

Kugarisana nehunhu

MuJapan, kune ngano pamusoro pemagadzirirwo enyika. Maererano naye, pasi rinogara kumashure kweNamazu catfish (Namazu catfish). Dzimwe hove dzine mustachioed dzinorindwa nomumwe mwari. Kana mwari adzongonyedzwa, catfish inomuka ichikwenya muswe. Kubva pane izvi, tsunami uye kudengenyeka kwenyika kunoitika panyika. Kutenda kune iyi ngano, maJapan ane ruremekedzo rwakakosha kune catfish - hove tsvene.

Catfish inonzi catfish kwete nekuda kwemasitache nemuswe chete. Zvinotendwa kuti hove idzi dzakapiwa njere uye dzinokwanisa kuziva muridzi. Uye Synodontis haina mutsauko. Semuenzaniso, kana shapeshifter ichigara mune diki yakatwasuka aquarium, unogona kuirova. Iwe unofanirwa kuenda kune tangi masikati, zvinyoronyoro fambisa pepa rekuvhara uye urove catfish padumbu. Haazomuki pakarepo, saka muridzi achawana nguva yekunakidzwa nenguva yacho.

Mukuwedzera, vamwe varidzi vehove dzepasi idzi vanodzibata nemaoko avo. Chokwadi, pakuredza nemambure, catfish inoburitsa zvimbi zvayo uye inorembedza muswe, uye izvi zvinogona kukonzera kukuvara. Varidzi ve "tame" synodontis vanotenda kuti hove inokwanisa kuziva munhu, kunyanya mushure memakore akawanda ekugara pamwe chete.

Kuedza kwekutanga kunosimbisa izvi: unogona kuona kuti hove dzinokutarisa sei uye dzinomirira chikafu. Mazuva mashoma muyedzo usati waitwa, unogona kupa chaunofarira catfish chikafu. Pazuva "X" unofanirwa kuenda ku aquarium wounza ruoko rwako pamusoro pemvura, unofungidzirwa nechikafu. Mhuka ine mavara inotarisa zvakananga mumaziso emunhu, inoramba iri pamwero wakafanana.

Vhidhiyo: Synodontis akaziva muridzi

Zvimiro zvekubereka nekubereka

Synodontis yakaoma kuberekesa kumba. Vanhu vari muzvitoro zve aquarium vanotengeswa kunze kwenyika. Izvo zvakanyanya kuoma kubereka zvisingawanzo hybrid marudzi (iyo yakanyanya kunaka uye yekushongedza hove, zvakanyanya kuoma). Kupfuya hove, vapfuri vanogadzira majekiseni ehomoni. Kunze kwemutemo ndeye cuckoo synodontis. Hove idzi dzinoita nest parasitism. Pakuzvara, hadzi “zvinokandira” mazai adzo kumacichlids. Avo vanotakurawo vana vehove mumuromo mavo. Kana zvese zvikafamba zvakanaka kumuridzi we cuckoo, iyo yakanyungudutswa fry inofanirwa kuisirwa nekukurumidza. Mushure memazuva mashoma, vanogona kudyiswa maArtemia.

Hadzi inonzi cuckoo synodontis inokandira mazai ayo kune dzimwe hove, sezvo shiri inonzi cuckoo inokandira mazai ayo mumatendere evamwe vanhu.

Dambudziko guru mukuberekesa nderekuti zvinenge zvisingaite kuita kuti nzvimbo ye aquarium iite seyakasikwa. Mamwe maAquarist ane ruzivo anonyorovesa uye anopisa mvura kutevedzera mwaka wemonsoon. Uyewo isa "misungo" ye caviar. Chigaba chakafukidzwa nemambure chinoiswa mumvura isina chinhu (mvura chete). Imba yekuvanda isina pasi inoiswa kune yekupedzisira. Katfish yechikadzi inovanda mudumba iri uye inokandira mazai, anobva angowira mumudziyo wakavharwa nemambure. Mushure mokubereka, vanhu vakuru vanodyarwa. Mambure anogona kubviswa kuitira kuti chikangwa chibude mugaba.

Synodontis Zvirwere uye Nzira Dzokurapa

Kufanana nedzimwe hove, catfish inogona kurwara kana mamiriro ehusungwa akatyorwa. Semuenzaniso, kana catfish yakadyiswa, inova yakafuta. Kuti adzokere kune zvakajairika, unofanirwa kuronga chikafu chekatfish. Iwe haugone kuisa hove pane nzara, asi iwe unogona kuronga mazuva ekutsanya (kamwe pavhiki). Kana mutumbi weSynodontis wapera, zvinoreva kuti akamanikidzwa. Ichi chiitiko chinogona kukonzerwa nechero chinhu, senge kuwandisa kwemvura ye aquarium. Kana dambudziko ragadziriswa, hove dzichadzokera kune zvakajairika.

Kana hove yepasi yakarara padivi uye ichifema zvakanyanya, zvinoreva kuti haina oxygen yakakwana. Zvakakosha kutarisa aeration - air saturation (iyo aerator inogona kunge yakaputsika). Kana iyo oksijeni iri mumvura inofanana, catfish inopora. Usabvumira chipfuwo chako kurara pasi kwenguva refu. Kune akawanda ma microbes uye organic deposits muvhu, nekuda kweizvi, hove dzinogona kukura fin rot. Chironda chakadaro chinorapwa ne streptocide (unogona kuita kugeza kwehafu yeawa). Kana uchitya kukuvadza chipfuwo chako chemumvura, unogona kuonana nachiremba wemhuka.

Synodontis dzakanaka uye dzisingaremekedzi catfish. Hove dzakadaro omnivorous, dzine rugare uye dzakadzikama. Yakanakira vanotanga aquarists, kana vasina kuputika nehove diki. Catfish inogona kudya hove diki panguva yekuvhima husiku. Dzimwe dzekatfish hadzizounzi dambudziko.