Chikafu chegirini cheguinea pigs

Fodder yakasvibirira ndiyo chikamu chikuru uye chakakosha chekudya. Izvo zvakachipa, zvakapfuma mune zvinovaka muviri, zvinodyiwa uye zvinogayiwa neguinea nguruve, uye zvine mhedzisiro inobatsira pakubudirira kwavo. Mbeu dzese dzakasimwa uye huswa hwezviyo hunogona kushandiswa sehupfu hwakasvibira: clover, alfalfa, vetch, lupine, sweet clover, sainfoin, pizi, seradella, meadow rank, yechando rye, oats, chibage, Sudanese uswa, ryegrass; mafuro, steppe uye uswa hwesango. Kunyanya kukosha ndeye nyemba uye legume-cereal musanganiswa wakapfuma muprotein, mavitamini nemaminerari. 

Huswa ndechimwe chekudya chikuru uye chakachipa. Nehuwandu hwakakwana uye hwakasiyana-siyana hwechisikigo uye yekudyara herbs, iwe unogona kuita nehushoma hwekuisa pfungwa, uchivapa chete kune vakadzi vanoyamwisa uye mhuka diki kusvika kumwedzi miviri. Kuti chikafu chakasvibira chive mukudya kweguinea nguruve muhuwandu hwakakwana kubva muchirimo kusvika pakupera kwematsutso, zvinodikanwa kuve nehanya nekugadzira green conveyor. Mukutanga kwechirimo, rye yechando inogona kushandiswa, kubva kune dzinokura-musango - nettle, cuff, gavakava, burdock, sedges ekutanga uye madiki madiki ewillow, willow, aspen uye poplar. 

Muhafu yekutanga yezhizha, iyo yakanyanya kukodzera green conveyor chirimwa ndeye red clover. Kubva pakukura-musango, zviduku zviduku zvinogona kuva zvokudya zvakanaka panguva ino. 

Kudiwa kwenguruve yezvokudya zvakasvibirira kunogona kubudirira kuvharwa nemishonga yakasiyana-siyana yemusango: nettle, burdock, plantain, yarrow, mhou parsnip, bedstraw, sofa uswa (kunyanya midzi yaro), sage, heather, tansy (wild rowan), dandelion, seji diki, munzwa wengamera, pamwe necolza, milkweed, gadheni nemunda werukato, gavakava nezvimwe zvakawanda. 

Mimwe miriwo yemusango - gavakava, tarragon, kana tarragon tarragon uye dandelion - inofanira kudyiswa nekuchenjerera. Izvi zvinomera zvinodyiwa zvakanaka nemhuka, asi zvine simba rinokuvadza pamuviri. Dandelion inopiwa kusvika ku30% yemazuva ose ezvokudya zvakasvibirira, uye gavakava uye tarragon, kana tarragon tarragon, hazvikurudzirwi kupiwa zvokudya. 

Nettle inoruma (Urtica dioica L.) - perennial herbaceous chirimwa kubva kumhuri yenettle (Urticaceae) ine rhizome inokambaira. Mazinde akamira, ovate-oblong, anosvika 15 cm kureba uye anosvika 8 cm paupamhi, akaomeswa serrated kumicheto, ane petioles. 

Mashizha eNettle ane zvakawanda zvevhitamini - ane anosvika 0,6% ascorbic acid (vitamin C), kusvika 50 mg% carotene (provitamin A), vitamini K (kusvika 400 biological units pa1 g) neboka B. Uyu ndiwo chaiwo vhitamini concentrate. Mukuwedzera, nettle mashizha ane mapuroteni akawanda, chlorophyll (kusvika 8%), starch (kusvika 10%), mamwe makabhohaidhiretsi (anenge 1%), munyu iron, potassium, mhangura, manganese, titanium, nickel, uyewo tannins uye organic acids. 

Nettle ine hutano hwepamusoro, ine 20-24% mapuroteni (protein yemiriwo), 18-25% fiber, 2,5-3,7% mafuta, 31-33% nitrogen-isina zvinyorwa. Iine yakawanda vhitamini K, calcium, potassium, sodium, magnesium, phosphorus, iron uye mamwe munyu. 

Mashizha ayo uye mashizha maduku anoshandiswa kunyanya kudzivirira uye kurapwa kweberiberi, iyo inowanzoonekwa pakupera kwechando uye kutanga kwechirimo. Nzira yekushandiswa ndiyo iri nyore - poda kubva pamashizha akaomeswa inowedzerwa kune zvokudya. 

Mashizha anokohwewa panguva yekutungira uye maruva erukato (anotumbuka kubva munaMay kusvika kumatsutso, michero inoibva kubva munaChikunguru). Kazhinji mashizha anohwihwidzwa nemhungu padzinde kubva pasi zvichikwira, asi unogona kucheka kana kucheka nhungirwa, woomesa zvishoma, wozopura mashizha pamubhedha wakachena, worasa madzinde akakora. Kazhinji, misoro yemashizha maduku inodzurwa uye yakaomeswa, yakasungirirwa mumasumbu. Kuomesa nettle mbishi zvinhu kunofanira kuitwa mumakamuri ane mhepo, muattics, mumashedhi, asi nguva dzose munzvimbo yakachengetedzwa kubva kune zuva rakananga, sezvo vanogona kuparadza mamwe mavhitamini. 

Mashizha madiki enettle anonyanya kudya mukutanga kwechirimo. Fresh nettle inofanira kutanga yakabikwa kwemaminitsi 2-3 mumvura, yozosvinwa zvishoma uye, mushure mekuya, yakawedzerwa kumusanganiswa wakanyorova. 

Hupfu hwehuswa hwakagadzirwa kubva murukato hune hunhu hwehupfu hwepamusoro. Panyaya yezviri mukati mezvinhu zvinodiwa kumuviri, inodarika hupfu kubva musanganiswa wetimothy uye clover uye yakaenzana nehupfu kubva mualfafa. Nettles inokohwewa isati yatumbuka (June-July) - gare gare inorasikirwa nezvimwe zvayo zvinobatsira. Zvirimwa zvinochekwa kana kudzurwa uye mashizha anobvumirwa kusvava zvishoma, mushure mezvo nettle haisati "inoruma". 

Munguva yechando, mashizha akaoma akapwanyika anowedzerwa kumusanganiswa wezviyo kana kubikwa kwemaminitsi 5-6 kusvikira anyoroveswa mumudziyo ane chivharo chakavharwa. Mushure mekubika, mvura inodururwa, uye huwandu hunoguma hunosvinwa zvishoma uye hunowedzerwa kune chikafu. 

Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale Wigg. sl) - muti usingaperi kubva kumhuri yeAsteraceae, kana Asteraceae (Compositae, kana Asteraceae), ine taproot ine nyama inopinda mukati mevhu (kusvika 60 cm). Mashizha anounganidzwa mu basal rosette, kubva pakati iyo isina mashizha maruva miseve 15-50 cm yakakwirira inokura muchirimo. Vanopera mune imwe inflorescence - tswanda 3,5 cm muhupamhi ine mitsara miviri yebrown-green wrapper. Mashizha anosiyana muchimiro nekukura. Kazhinji dzakaita segejo, pinnate-spatulate kana pinnate-lanceolate, 10-25 cm kureba uye 2-5 cm paupamhi, kazhinji nepingish midrib. 

Inotumbuka kubva munaApril kusvika munaJune, michero inoibva muna May-June. Kazhinji kacho, nguva yemaruva akawanda haigare kwenguva refu - mavhiki maviri kusvika matatu muhafu yechipiri yaMay uye kutanga kwaJune. 

Inokura munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana dzekugara: mafuro, micheto, kuchenesa, magadheni, minda, miriwo magadheni, matongo, munzira, patsangadzi, mapaki, pedyo nedzimba. 

Dandelion mashizha nemidzi zvine hutano hunokosha. Mashizha akapfuma mu carotenoids (provitamin A), ascorbic acid, mavitamini B1 B2, R. Anoshandiswa seanovava, anokurudzira chido uye anovandudza kudya. Dandelion midzi ine inulin (kusvika 40%), shuga, malic acid nezvimwe zvinhu. 

Mashizha echirimwa ichi anodyiwa nyore neguinea pigs. Ndivo tsime revhithamini uye mineral salt. Mashizha eDandelion anodyiswa kumhuka kubva pakutanga kwechirimo kusvika pakupera kwematsutso muhuwandu husingagumi. Chinhu chinovava chiri mumashizha chinokurudzira kutenderera kweropa, chinowedzera kugaya uye chinokurudzira chido. 

Plantain hombe (Plantago major L.) ndiwo makwenzi anomera sesora kwese kwese. Plantain mashizha akapfuma potassium uye citric asidhi, vane aukubin glycoside, invertin uye emulsin enzymes, anovava tannins, alkaloids, vhitamini C, carotene. Mbeu dzine makhahydrates, mucous zvinhu, oleic acid, 15-10% yemhando yemafuta ane mafuta. 

Pakati pemakwenzi, pane zvakare ** yakanyanya chepfu **, iyo inogona kukonzera chikafu chepfu uye kunyange rufu muguinea pig. Izvi zvinomera zvinosanganisira: kokorysh (imbwa parsley), hemlock, chepfu chiitiko, celandine, yepepuru kana tsvuku foxglove, wrestler, May lily yemupata, jena hellebore, larkspur (hornflowers), henbane, ziso regunguo, nightshade, dope, anemone, chine muchetura sow sow , mhumhi mabheri, husiku hupofu, marsh marigold, meadow backache, self-mhodzi poppy, bracken fern, marsh musango rosemary. 

Yakasiyana ** gadheni nemavise tsvina **, mashizha uye nhungirwa dzemimwe miti nemakwenzi zvinogona kushandiswa sehupfu hwakasvibira. Mhedzisiro yakanaka inowanikwa kubva pakudyisa mashizha emakabheji, lettuce, mbatatisi uye karoti kumusoro. Misoro yembatatisi inofanira kuchekwa chete mushure memaruva uye nguva dzose yakasvibirira. Misoro yematomatisi, beet, swedes uye turnips inopa mhuka kwete kupfuura 150-200 g pamusoro pazuva. Kudyisa mashizha akawanda kunokonzera manyoka mavari, kunyanya mumhuka duku. 

Chirimwa chefood chinovaka muviri uye chisingadhuri **chibage chidiki chakasvibira**, chine shuga yakawanda uye chinodyiwa nyore neguinea pigs. Chibage sefodder yakasvibira inoshandiswa kubva pakutanga kwekubuda muchubhu kusvika panicle yaraswa kunze. Inopiwa kumhuka dzakura kusvika ku70% uye mhuka duku kusvika ku40% kana kupfuura yemazuva ose emazuva ose emafuro akasvibirira. Chibage chinoshanda zvakanyanya kana chasanganiswa nealfafa, clover, nemamwe maherbs. 

Sipinachi (Spinacia oleracia L.). Mashizha emiti midiki anodyiwa. Vane zvakasiyana-siyana zvevhithamini, vakapfuma muprotein uye munyu wesimbi, phosphorus, calcium. Pane potassium yakawanda mu100 g yepinashi - 742 mg. Sipinachi mashizha inokurumidza kuoma kubva pakupisa kwepamusoro, saka kuitira kuchengetedza kwenguva refu, sipinashi inotonhora, yakabikwa kana yakaomeswa. Ichangobva chando, inogona kuchengetwa patembiricha ye -1 ° C kwemwedzi 2-3. 

Kale - chikafu chakanakisa, kubva pakupera kwaAugust kusvika pakutanga kwechando. Saka, fodhi kabichi inogona kupiwa kumhuka kusvika pakupera kwematsutso uye mukati mehafu yekutanga yechando. 

Kabhiji (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitate L.) - inopa huwandu hukuru hwemashizha anodyiswa manyoro kumhuka. Mhando dzakawanda dzemakabheji dzakagadzirwa. Izvo zvinosanganiswa mumapoka maviri: chena musoro (forma alba) uye mutsvuku musoro (forma rubra). Ganda remashizha matsvuku emakabheji rine zvakawanda zveanthocyanin pigment. Nekuda kweizvi, misoro yemhando dzakadai ine lilac kana yepepuru ruvara rwekusiyana kwakasimba. Iwo anokosheswa kupfuura chena kabichi, asi kukosha kwavo kwekudya kunenge kwakangofanana, kunyangwe paine zvishoma vhitamini C mune red cabbage. Misoro yake yakaoma.

White kabichi ine misoro kubva pa5 kusvika ku15% yakaoma zvinhu, kusanganisira 3-7% shuga, kusvika 2,3% mapuroteni, kusvika 54 mg% ascorbic acid (vitamin C). Mukabheji dzvuku, 8-12% yakaoma zvinhu, kusanganisira 4-6% shuga, 1,5-2% mapuroteni, kusvika 62 mg% ascorbic acid, pamwe necarotene, mavitamini B1, uye B2, pantothenic acid, munyu sodium. , potasium, calcium, phosphorus, iron, iodine. 

Kunyangwe kukosha kwekudya kwekabichi kusiri kwakanyanya, ine amino acids uye inoteedzera zvinhu zvakanyanya kudikanwa kumuviri, uye zvakanyanya kukosha, yakakura seti yemavhitaminzi (C, boka B, PP, K, U, nezvimwewo). . 

Miti yeBrussels (Brassica oleracea L. var. gemmifera DC) akakurira nekuda kwemashizha emashizha (misoro) anowanikwa kureba kwese kwedzinde. Izvo zvine 13-21% yakaoma nyaya, kusanganisira 2,5-5,5% shuga, kusvika 7% mapuroteni; ine kusvika ku290 mg% ye ascorbic acid (vitamini C), 0,7-1,2 mg% ye carotene (provitamin A), mavitamini B1, B2, B6, munyu wesodium, potassium, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, iron, ayodhini. Panyaya yehuwandu hwevhitamini C, inodarika mamwe marudzi ese emakabheji. 

Koliflower (Brassica cauliflora Luzg.) inomira pachena nekuda kwehuwandu hwayo hwehuwandu hwevhitamini C, B1, B2, B6, PP uye mineral salt. 

Broccoli – asparagus cabbage (Brassica cauliflora subsp. simplex Lizg.). Koliflower ine misoro michena, ukuwo broccoli ine misoro yakasvibira. Tsika yacho inovaka muviri zvakanyanya. Iine 2,54% shuga, inenge 10% yakasimba, 83-108 mg% ascorbic acid, carotenes, pamwe neB mavitamini, PP, choline, methionine. Broccoli ine calcium yakawanda uye phosphorus pane cauliflower. Misoro yakachekwa inofanira kuchengetwa mufiriji, sezvo inokurumidza kushanduka yero. Kukohwewa kwechando, ivo vakaomeswa mumabhegi epurasitiki. 

Leaf lettuce (Lactuca saliva var. secalina Alef). Kubatsira kwayo kukuru ndeye precocity, inokura rosette yemashizha anonaka akagadzirira kudya mazuva 25-40 mushure mekudyara. Mashizha eretisi anodyiwa ari manyoro uye mambishi. 

Mashizha eLetusi ane kubva pa4 kusvika ku11% yakaoma zvinhu, kusanganisira kusvika ku4% shuga uye kusvika ku3% crude protein. Asi lettuce haina mukurumbira nekuda kwekudya kwayo. Iine huwandu hwakawanda hwemunyu wesimbi yakakosha kumuviri: potasium (kusvika 3200 mg%), calcium (kusvika 108 mg%) uye iron. Mashizha emuti uyu anobva kune anenge ese mavhithamini anozivikanwa mumiti: B1, B2, C, P, PP, K, E, folic acid, carotene (provitamin A). Uye kunyangwe izvo zvizere zvemukati zviri zvidiki, asi nekuda kweiyo yakazara vhitamini yakaoma, lettuce mashizha anoshingairira kuwedzera kugaya uye metabolism mumuviri. Izvi zvinonyanya kukosha muchirimo uye kutanga kwezhizha, kana paine nzara yevhitamini yakawanda. 

Parsley (Petroselinum hortense Hoffm.) ine yakakwirira yevhitamini C (kusvika ku300 mg%) uye vhitamini A (carotene kusvika 11 mg%). Mafuta anokosha ari mairi ane simba rinobatsira pamitezo yekudya. 

Zviri mukati mavhitaminzi mu100 g yemidzi parsley (mg%): carotene - 0,03, vhitamini B1 - 0,1, vhitamini B2 - 0,086, vhitamini PP - 2,0, vhitamini B6 - 0,23, vhitamini C - 41,0, XNUMX. 

Of chikafu chehuni zviri nani kupa guinea nguruve matavi easpen, maple, ash, willow, linden, acacia, gomo ash (nemashizha nemabriji), birch nematavi emiti yeconiferous. 

Zvakanakisisa kukohwa mafuro ebazi munguva yechando munaJune-July, apo matavi anovaka muviri. Mapazi asina kukora kupfuura masendimita 1 pachigadziko anogurwa uye anorukwa kuita mitsvairo midiki isina kureba anenge mita imwe, uye anorembera ari maviri maviri kuti aome pasi pekanopi. 

Kudya kwenguva refu kweguinea nguruve nemafuro akasvibira muhuwandu hwakakwana kunodzipa mavhitamini, zvicherwa uye mapuroteni akazara, izvo zvinobatsira mukurimwa kwemhuka diki dzine hutano, dzakasimba.