Jade mu imbwa: kurapwa uye zviratidzo

Nezve nephritis mumbwa

Itsvo inhengo mbiri dziri mugomba redumbu. Mabasa avo akakosha zvakanyanya uye akasiyana. Ndivo sefa yemuviri, kubvisa zvinhu zvisingakoshi muweti izvo zvinoumbwa muhupenyu hwehupenyu.

Ivo vanobatanidzwawo mukuchengetedza mvura uye electrolyte chiyero, kudzvinyirira mutemo, hematopoiesis.

Nephritis ndiko kuzvimba kweitsvo, iyo inogona kutanga munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana, asi zvishoma nezvishoma inogona kutungamirira kukuvadza kune nhengo yose. Uye, maererano, kune kukanganisa kwebasa rake.

Zvikonzero zve nephritis zvakasiyana-siyana: kudhakwa, hutachiona uye hutachiona hwehutachiona, zvirwere zve endocrine, maitiro emarara, pamwe nezvirwere zveimwe nhengo uye maitiro avo.

Mhando dzechirwere

Maererano nemhando yekuyerera, itsika kusiyanisa:

• Acute nephritis. Inokura nokukurumidza pasi pesimba rezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana: zvirwere, chepfu. Uyewo, zvikonzero zvinogona kuva mamwe mamiriro akakomba uye zvirwere: sepsis, kurasikirwa kweropa, chirwere chemwoyo, nezvimwewo.

  Chimwe chikonzero chakakosha chechirwere cheitsvo mumbwa ndeye leptospirosis, utachiona hwehutachiona hunogona kukuvadza itsvo uye chiropa. Chirwere ichi

  zooanthroponosisChirwere chemhuka kumunhu.

• Chisingaperi nephritis inogona kukura muimbwa semhedzisiro yekukuvara kwakanyanya kana chikamu chakakosha cheitsvo tishu charasikirwa nebasa rayo. Uyewo, kukanganisa kwetsvo kusingaperi kunogona kuitika pamusana pezvimwe zvirwere zvehutachiwana: urolithiasis, cystitis, prostatitis, etc. Chronic nephritis inogona kuva mugumisiro wezvirwere zvenhaka, semuenzaniso, Fanconi syndrome muBasenji kana amyloidosis muSharpei.

Zvinoenderana nechikamu chipi chenhengo iyo pathological process inokura, anotevera marudzi enephritis anogona kusiyaniswa:

• pyelonephritis. Kuzvimba kwerenal pelvis uye parenchyma yeitsvo. Chikonzero chechirwere kazhinji kazhinji hutachiona hwehutachiona.

• glomerulonephritis. Kukuvadza kune vascular glomeruli yeitsvo - yavo yekusefa system. Inokura nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana: hutachiona, chepfu,

  autoimmuneKana masoja edziviriro anorwisa matishu ane hutano mumuviri chirwere.

• Interstitial (tubulointerstitial) nephritis. Nzira yekuputika munyaya iyi inokanganisa hurongwa hwe tubules yeitsvo uye matukisi akavapoteredza.

Zviratidzo zve nephritis

Chinhu chisingafadzi chenephritis mumbwa ndiko kusavapo kwezviratidzo mumatanho ekutanga echirwere uye mukunyoro kwayo.

Acute nephritis inowanzoperekedzwa nezviratidzo zvisingatarisirwi: fivha, kurutsa, kuramba kudya. Mukukuvara kwakanyanya kweitsvo, panogona kuve nekuderera kwekugadzirwa kweweti kusvika pakusavapo kwayo.

Kana acute nephritis yakagadzirwa nemashure eimwe pathology (sepsis, kubuda ropa, nezvimwewo), zviratidzo zvenephritis zvingave zvisingaoneki uye zvinokonzerwa nechirwere chinokonzera.

Muchirwere chisingaperi chechirwere, zviratidzo hazvioneki kusvikira itsvo dzichikwanisa kupindira zvakakwana mukugadzirisa, kuchengetedza mvura uye electrolyte balance, uye kudzvinyirira. Kana huzhinji hweitsvo hunenge husina kushanda, zviratidzo zvinotevera zvinokura: nyota yakawedzera uye weti, kuderera kwechido, uremu, basa, kurutsa, kuvhara, kupererwa neropa, kuwedzera kudzvinyirira.

Kuongororwa kwechirwere

Nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekuongorora dzinoshandiswa kusimbisa nephritis mumbwa.

Kuongorora weti. Inodiwa kuongorora kushanda kweitsvo uye zviratidzo zvekuzvimba. Nenephritis, kuwanda kweweti kunoderera, masero anoonekwa mune sediment, achiisa itsvo kubva mukati.

Kusabvisa kurasikirwa kweprotein kuburikidza neitsvo, semuenzaniso, neglomerulonephritis, chiyero cheprotein / creatinine muweti inoyerwa.

Ne pyelonephritis, weti tsika ye microflora inogona kudiwa pakusarudza kwakaringana kwemushonga unorwisa mabhakitiriya.

Biochemical kuongorora ropa. Itsvo ine hutano inobvisa zvakaringana tsvina yemuviri: urea uye creatinine. Nenephritis, chiyero chavo muropa chinokwira. Chiyero cheglucose, phosphorus, electrolytes, uye albumin chinoyerwawo muropa.

General kliniki yekuongorora ropa. Inobatsira kuona zviratidzo zvekuzvimba uye anemia, iyo inowanzokura nekukuvara kweitsvo kusingaperi.

Ultrasound kuongororwa. Icharatidza kuti itsvo inoratidzika sei, kana paine chero shanduko muchimiro chayo, kusabvisa neoplasms, matombo uye mamwe pathological inclusions munhengo.

Sravana Sameeralu Serial XNUMXth Tonometry. Zvinosungirwa kune idzo mhuka dzazvinofungidzirwa

hypertensionKuwedzera kudzvinyirira - dambudziko rinowanzoitika rechirwere chisingaperi chechirwere.

Mukuwedzera kune zvidzidzo zviri pamusoro apa, zvimwe zvinogona kudiwa: kuongororwa kweleptospirosis (antibody levels muropa, urine PCR), kuongororwa kwemajini kana chirwere chekugara nhaka chinofungidzirwa,

biopsyKutora chidimbu chetishu yekutsvaga itsvo, nezvimwewo.

Kurapa Jade muImbwa

Kurapa kunogona kutungamirirwa kune imwe hutachiona, yakadai seye leptospirosis, kana inogona kuva nekugadzirisa kurapa kwakagadzirirwa kubvisa uye kudzivirira migumisiro yenephritis mumbwa.

Bacterial nephritis inoda mushonga unorwisa mabhakitiriya. Zvakanaka, inounganidzwa netsika yeweti. Mushonga unorwisa mabhakitiriya unodiwawo pakurapa leptospirosis.

Mune acute nephritis, zvakakosha kunzwisisa kuti chii chakakonzera kukanganisa kune itsvo.

Dzimwe nguva chikonzero cheacute nephritis hachigone kugadziriswa, senge nekukuvara kwehupfu. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, mhuka inoda hemodialysis. Nemaitiro aya, mudziyo unokosha unosefa ropa panzvimbo yeitsvo, uchivapa mukana wekupora. Midziyo yehemodialysis yakaoma uye inodhura uye inowanikwa chete mumakiriniki mashoma akasarudzwa munyika.

Mune chirwere chisingaperi chechirwere, kurapwa kunoderedzwa kutsigira muviri.

Infusions yemhinduro ne electrolytes, zvinowedzera zvekudya zvinobvisa phosphorus yakawandisa inoshandiswa. Hypertension inoda mishonga inorwisa BP

proteinuriaKurasikirwa kweprotein kuburikidza neitsvo muweti - mishonga inoderedza kurasikirwa kweprotein.

Kudya kwakakosha uye kugadzirira kwevhitamini kunogonawo kurongerwa. Kana imbwa ikaita anemia, iron supplements uye Erythropoietin inoshandiswa.

Basa rekurapa mune chirwere chisingaperi chechirwere ndechekuchengetedza hupenyu hwakanaka hwemhuka.

Kudzivirira nephritis

• Vaccination, kusanganisira kurwisa leptospirosis.

• Kurapa kwe ectoparasites. Munharaunda umo ixodid zvikwekwe zvakajairika, zvinorapwa kubva pakutanga kunyunguduka kusvika kune yekutanga sinou pasina kukanganisa.

• Kurapa panguva yakakodzera kwezvirwere zveurinary system, pamwe neprostatitis muvarume uye metroendometritis, vaginitis muvakadzi.

• Imbwa inogona kuwana chepfu kwete kubva kune chepfu yemumba (insectoacaricides, rodent repellents, makemikari emumba, nezvimwewo), asiwo pakudya hanyanisi, gariki, mazambiringa akaomeswa (mazambiringa).

pfupiso

1. Nephritis chirwere cheitsvo chinogona kukura mumbwa nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana: chepfu, zvirwere, zvirwere zveimwe nhengo uye maitiro avo.

2. Maererano nekukura kwechirwere, maitiro akaoma uye asingagumi anogona kusiyaniswa.

3. Zviratidzo zve nephritis zvinowanzova zvisiri izvo. Mune acute nephritis, kurutsa, kusava nehanya, kuderera kwechido, uye fivha inogona kuonekwa.

4. Chirwere chisingaperi hachina zviratidzo chero bedzi itsvo dzichikwanisa kubvisa chepfu, kuchengetedza mvura uye kudzvinyirira. Nekukuvadzwa kukuru kweitsvo tishu, nyota yakawedzera uye weti, kuderera kwechido uye uremu hwemuviri, uye kurutsa kunokura.

5. Pakuongororwa nephritis, weti, kuongororwa ropa, uye ultrasound inoitwa. Dzimwe nguva zvidzidzo zvakananga zvinodiwa: kuongororwa kweleptospirosis, tsika yeweti, kuongororwa kwemajini, nezvimwe.

6. Kurapa kwenephritis kunogona kutarisa kugadzirisa chikonzero, zvakadai sebhakitiriya. Acute nephritis mumbwa inogona kuda hemodialysis. Mukurapa kusingaperi, kurapwa kunodiwa kuchengetedza hupenyu hwakanaka mumhuka ine kuderedzwa renal basa.

Sources:

1. J. Elliot, G. Groer "Nephrology uye urology yembwa nekatsi", 2014

2. McIntyre DK, Drobats K., Haskings S., Saxon W. "Emergency uye mhuka diki yekuchengetedza zvakanyanya", 2018

3. Craig E. Greene Zvirwere zvinotapukira zvembwa nekatsi, 2012

Gumiguru 12 2022

Yakavandudzwa: October 12, 2022