Nephritis mumakati: zviratidzo uye kurapwa
Mukati
O itsvo
Itsvo dzinoita mabasa mazhinji akakosha mumuviri: dzinosefa ropa, dzichibvisa chepfu kubva muweti, dzinogadzirisa chiyero che electrolytes, calcium, glucose, phosphorus, kutora chikamu mu hematopoiesis uye mukutonga kwekumanikidza. Nokudaro, nephritis ine ngozi, kazhinji chirwere chakakomba.
Muchimiro chechirwere chechirwere, kukanganisa kwetsvo kunoitika nokukurumidza uye pasina zviratidzo zvekunze zvekunze.
Iyo isingaperi fomu inogona kuva asymptomatic kwenguva yakareba. Sezvo mutemo, kusvikira kushanda kwetsvo kunoderera zvakanyanya, uye zvinetso zvinokura: kuwedzera nyota uye weti, kuderera kwechido uye uremu, anemia, hypertension (kuwedzerwa kudzvinyirira).
Mhando dzejade
Zvichienderana nemhando yekufamba kwechirwere, ivo vanosiyaniswa:
Acute nephritis - inokura pasi pesimba rezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana zvehutano: makemikari (ethylene glycol), zvirimwa (maruva), zvinodhaka zvinogona kutyisa itsvo (aminoglycosides, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, fosfomycin).
Zvakare, kukuvara kwakanyanya kweitsvo kunogona kuitika kuseri kwemamwe mamiriro akakomba: sepsis, kurasikirwa neropa, kupera simba kwemvura, kushungurudza, nezvimwe.
Chisingaperi nephritis - Zvakawanda muvakuru vakuru. Chirwere ichi chinogona kukura chinopesana nemamiriro ehutano hwenguva refu, oncological process (lymphoma), zvirwere zvinowanzoitika (zvinowanzoitika): pyelonephritis, urolithiasis (urolithiasis), cystitis (kuzvimba kwedundira).
Chikonzero che nephritis yakadaro inogona kuva zvirwere zvekuberekwa. Semuenzaniso, chirwere chepolycystic muPersian, exotic, British shorthair, Scottish fold (uye yakarurama) katsi, amyloidosis muAbyssinian katsi.
Pasinei nechimiro icho chironda chetsvo chakatanga, mashandiro ayo ese achakanganiswa, nekuti. zvikamu zvose zveitsvo zvakanyatsobatanidzwa. Asi maererano nenzvimbo yepathological process (nzvimbo yeronda), tinogona kusiyanisa:
pyelonephritis - Zvinokonzerwa nehutachiona hwehutachiona. Iyo pelvis uye parenchyma yenhengo inobatanidzwa mukupisa. Utachiona hunogona kupinda muitsvo kuburikidza neureters (machubhu matete anobatanidza itsvo nedundira) kubva kuzasi kweurinary tract kana kuburikidza neropa. Pyelonephritis inogona kukura yechipiri kune zvimwe zvirwere, zvakadai sechirwere chetachiona chetachiona (viral leukemia kana immunodeficiency), chirwere cheshuga.
Interstitial nephritis (fibrosis) - nemhando iyi yechirwere mumakati, iyo parenchyma inobatwa. Pane zvakawanda pathological zvinhu zvinogona kutungamirira kune izvi: mabhakitiriya, utachiona zvirwere, zvirwere zvisingaperi (chirwere cheshuga mellitus, hyperthyroidism, etc.). Zvishoma nezvishoma, iyo yakajairika inoshanda tishu yeitsvo inotsiviwa nefibrous tissue - dense, isiri-inoshanda connective tissue. Iyo itsvo inoderera muhukuru, inoderera.
Tubulointerstitial nephritis - kusingaperi kuchinja kweparenchyma yeitsvo uye tubular (vascular, filtering) system pasi pesimba rezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana, dzimwe nguva zvisingazivikanwi. Zvimwe zvinowanzoitika mumakati akwegura. Inogona kukura inopesana nemashure ekare akatamiswa acute nephritis.
glomerulonephritis - kuzvimba kweglomeruli - kusefa vascular glomeruli yeitsvo. Mukati, chirwere chinowanzoitika chisingawanzoitiki uye chinowanzobatanidzwa nehutachiona hwehutachiona hwehutachiona: feline leukemia virus, feline immunodeficiency, viral peritonitis.
tubular necrosis - inotungamirira kurufu rwekusefa tubules - tubules muhutano hweitsvo. Kazhinji kazhinji inokonzerwa nehupfu nehupfu: maruva, ethylene glycol.
Hydronephrosis -Pathological distension yerenal pelvis nekuda kwekutyorwa kwekubuda kweweti kubva muitsvo. Chikonzero chacho kuvharika kwe ureter ine calculus (dombo), chivharo chehutu. Uyewo, chikonzero chekuvhara chinogona kuva neoplasm yeitsvo uye matishu akakomberedza ureter, kushungurudzika, kukanganisa kwekuvhiya panguva yekushanda mudumbu remudumbu.
zviratidzo
Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, njodzi huru yenephritis mumakati ndiko kusavapo kwezviratidzo zvekunze kana zvishoma nezvishoma, kukura kusingaoneki panguva yekutanga yechirwere.
Mune imwe nzira yakaoma, inozivikanwa: kusava nehanya, kuramba kudya, kurutsa, fivha. Muchiitiko chekukuvara kwakanyanya kweitsvo, panogona kuve nekuderera kwekugadzirwa kweweti (oliguria) kana kumira kwayo kwakakwana ( anuria).
Nehurombo, muzviitiko zvakawanda nekukuvara kwakanyanya kweitsvo, katsi inopinda mukiriniki yatova pachinhanho apo kukuvadzwa kweitsvo tishu hakugadzirisiki, chiyero chekupona kwevarwere vakadaro kwakaderera.
Muchigarire chisingaperi, zvinotevera zvinonyanya kucherechedzwa: kuwedzera nyota uye weti, kurasikirwa uremu, chido chekudya, nguva nenguva kurutsa, kuvhara, kuderera kwebasa. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, muchirwere chisingaperi chechirwere, varidzi vanoteerera zviratidzo chete kana zvava pachena, izvo zvinoreva kuti yakawanda yeitsvo haisisiri kushanda.
Diagnostics
Kuti uongorore nephritis mune katsi, akati wandei zvidzidzo zvinodiwa:
Biochemical ropa test ye urea, creatinine, phosphorus, electrolytes. Inobatsira kunzwisisa kushanda kweitsvo.
Kuongororwa kweropa kwekliniki kunodiwa kuti uone kuzvimba uye kupererwa neropa (kuderera kwehuwandu hweropa dzvuku) - dambudziko rinowanzoitika rechirwere chisingaperi.
SDMA ongororo inova nzira yekutanga yekuongorora kushanda kweitsvo pane creatinine, nekuti. mwero wayo unokwira muropa kare. Inoshandiswa senzira yekuwedzera kana yekutanga kuongororwa kwenephritis mumatanho ekutanga echirwere chisingaperi.
Ultrasound kuongororwa kweurinary system. Izvo zvinodiwa pakuongororwa kwechimiro chechimiro chetsvo uye kuona kwekuchinja kwayo.
Kuongorora weti. Inodiwa kuongorora kushanda kweitsvo. Urinalysis yeprotein/creatinine ratio inoratidza kurasikirwa kweprotein kuburikidza neitsvo.
Kana chirwere chebhakitiriya, chakadai sepyelonephritis, chinofungidzirwa, tsika yemuti inogona kudiwa.
Sravana Sameeralu Serial XNUMXth Tonometry. Kuyera kwekumanikidzwa kunofanirwa kusabvisa hypertension, iyo inogona kukura inopesana nemashure echirwere chisingaperi chechirwere ichi, pamwe chete nezvimwe zvirwere. Kudzvinyirirwa kwakanyanya kunokanganisa uropi, maziso, moyo, itsvo uye zvinotungamira mukukuvadzwa kwavo.
Kurapa kwenephritis mumakati
Mukukuvara kwakanyanya kwetsvo, danho rinokosha richava rekuunganidza anamnesis (nhoroondo yezvechiremba) kuti anzwisise chikonzero chechirwere. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, zvakadai se ethylene glycol poisoning, zvinokwanisika kutungamirira antidote (antidote). Mhuka dzine kukuvara kwakanyanya kweitsvo dzinorapwa muchipatara, nokuti. Ava ndivo varwere vanoda kugara vachitariswa nachiremba.
Muchiitiko che acute nephritis mukati, hemodialysis inoshandiswa sechimbichimbi chiyero - nzira iyo ropa rinocheneswa kubva kune chepfu nemichina yakakosha, uye itsvo panguva ino ine mukana wekudzoka.
Equipment for hemodialysis in katsi yakanyatsojeka uye inongowanikwa mune mashoma makuru ezvipfuyo nzvimbo munyika.
Zvakare, mhuka inopihwa infusion therapy, antiemetic zvinodhaka zvinopihwa, uye chiyero che electrolyte chinogadziriswa.
Pyelonephritis inoda mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya. Iyo mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inowanzosarudzwa zvichienderana netsika yeweti.
Mune chirwere chisingaperi chechirwere, kurapwa kuchaenderana nedanho rekuita. Aya anotevera ekurapa uye ekudzivirira matanho anoitwa: kururamisa kwekudya, mwero wephosphorous muropa nerubatsiro rwezvakakosha zvinowedzera, fluid uye electrolyte balance, uye kuderera kweprotein kurasikirwa kuburikidza neitsvo. Anemia uye hypertension zvakare inogadziriswa.
dziviriro
Nzvimbo yakachengeteka: usasiye makemikari emumba, zvinodhaka zvinogona kuita chepfu mukusvika kwekati.
Dzivisa mahara.
Usashandise mishonga inogona kutyisa katsi: aminoglycosides, mamwe asiri-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, fosfomycin, nezvimwewo.
Usabvumira kati kuti inosangana nemiti yemukati uye maruva mu bouquets.
Nenguva yekuona uye kubata zvirwere zvezasi urinary turakiti: cystitis, urolithiasis, urethritis.
Mukati dzakakura kupfuura makore gumi, itisa bvunzo dzekudzivirira nguva dzose 10-1 kanomwe pagore nekuongororwa kweitsvo: ultrasound, kuongororwa ropa kweurea, creatinine, general kliniki urinalysis.
Jade mumakati - chinhu chikuru
Nephritis kuzvimba kweitsvo mumakati. Inogona kuva yakaoma uye isingaperi.
Sezvineiwo, nephritis inogona kukamurwa zvichienderana nenzvimbo yekukuvadzwa kweitsvo: glomerulonephritis, tubular necrosis, nezvimwe zvimiro zveitsvo zvakabatana zvisingaparadzanisiki, iyo pathological process inogona kupararira kune iyo nhengo yese.
Zvikonzero zveacute nephritis kazhinji zvine chepfu mumasikirwo; zvinosanganiswa nekudyiwa kwenephrotoxic (ine chepfu kuitsvo) zvinhu mumuviri. Zvimwe zvinokonzeresa kukuvara kwakanyanya kweitsvo zvingave: kuvharwa kweiyo urinary turakiti nematombo, kukuvara kwebhakitiriya kuitsvo, kubuda ropa, kupera simba kwemvura, nezvimwe.
Zviratidzo zveacute nephritis zvinowanzobatanidza: kusava nehanya, kuramba kudya, kurutsa, fivha. Muzviitiko zvakanyanya, kuderera kana kusaita weti.
Rudzi rusingaperi rwechirwere chinokura zvishoma nezvishoma. Kazhinji zviratidzo zvichave: kuora muviri, kuwedzera nyota uye kunyunguduka, kuderera kwechido, dzimwe nguva kurutsa, kuvharwa.
Kuongororwa kwenephritis kwakaoma uye kunosanganisira: ultrasound yeitsvo uye dundira, urinalysis, general clinical uye biochemical blood test, pressure measurement.
Kurapa kwe acute nephritis mumakati kunobva pane zvinogona kubvisa chepfu uye hemodialysis. Infusion therapy, kubviswa kwekurutsa, kugadziriswa kwe electrolytes uye phosphorus kunoitwawo.
Kurapa kwechirwere chisingaperi chechirwere kunoenderana nedanho rekuita uye kunosanganisira kururamisa kwekudya, fluid balance, electrolytes, phosphorus, hypertension, anemia.
Sources:
Elliot D, Groer G. Nephrology uye Urology muImbwa neKatsi, 2014
Upperurinarytractinfections (pyelonephritis), ISCAID 2019 // The Veterinary Journal, (Pyelonephritis yembwa nekatsi - kubva kuISCAID Guidelines, yakashandurwa naVasiliev AV), 2019.
Chandler EA, Gaskell RM, Gaskell KJ Zvirwere zvekatsi, 2011
Yakarongedzwa naGary D. Norsworthy. Murwere wemhuka, yechishanu edition, (Katsi murwere, yechishanu edition), 2018
Zvirimwa zvine Chepfu. Zvidyarwa zvine chepfu // Kwakabva: www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants.
