10 chokwadi chinonakidza nezve hedgehogs - inoyevedza uye inoyevedza zvikara

Hedgehog inogara zvachose musango, asi dzimwe nguva mhuka idzi dzinowanikwawo munzvimbo dzepaki. Pasinei netsono dzakapinza, mhuka idzi dzakanaka kwazvo uye, uyezve, dzinobatsira - dzinoparadza zvipembenene zvinokuvadza (zvinosuruvarisa, zvinodya zvipembenene zvinobatsira pamwe chete navo).

Ndinoda kuziva kuti kana hedgehog yakaputirwa muimba yezhizha, ichi chiratidzo chakanaka, asi haufaniri kumudzinga uye kumuvhiringidza kubva pane zvakakosha.

Vakawanda, zvichida, vachiona mhuka iyi inoshamisa, vanoyeuka katuni yemuimbi uye mutambi Yuri Norshtein "Hedgehog in the Fog" muna 1975, apo vatambi vanoita shamwari - hedgehog uye bere. Kubva pane katuni iyi, mweya unodziya zvishoma, kunyange kana kunaya kunze kwemahwindo, uye "makati ari kukwenya" mumweya. Kana usati wamboona katuni iyi, tinokupa zano kuti uione, pamwe nekutora nguva uye uverenge nezve hedgehogs - idzi mhuka diki dzinoyevedza.

Isu tinokuunzira pfungwa gumi dzinonakidza nezve hedgehogs - prickly, asi vana vakanaka.

10 Imwe yemhuka dzekare-kare

Hedgehogs yakapararira muEurope. Isu takaziva nezvemhuka iyi kubva paudiki, takasangana naye kubva kune dzakasiyana siyana ngano uye katuni. Hedgehogs ndiyo mhuka dzekare dzekare (pamwe chete nemashrew) kubva kune insectivorous order..

Kwemakore mamiriyoni gumi nemashanu apfuura, mhuka idzi dzinogara mumaguta uye nyika dzakasiyana. Chinhu chimwe chete ndechekuti vanodzivirira idzo nzvimbo dzemamiriro ekunze umo kunogara kuchitonhora, pamwe nenzvimbo dzine machakwi.

Chokwadi chinofadza: masayendisiti akawana "hedgehog" yekare yakararama panguva ye dinosaurs (makore mamiriyoni 125 apfuura), asi yakatarisa yakasiyana. Chisikwa ichi chaiva nenzeve hombe, bvudzi pfupi, muromo wakareba uye dumbu rakapfava. Yaigara mumakomba uye ichidya tumbuyu.

9. Inenge 17 marudzi ehedgehogs

Zvichida iwe unoziva mhando shomanana dzehedgehogs: eared, Dahurian, yakajairika uye yakareba-yakareba. Zvisinei, kune marudzi gumi nemanomwe ehedgehogs (kana asiri mamwe)!

Iyo South African hedgehog, iyo iri pedyo nekutsakatika, inosanganisirwa muRed Book. Hedgehogs inonyanyozivikanwa ndeiyi: white-bellied (rudzi urwu rune chinhu chimwe chete - chigunwe chechishanu hachipo pamakumbo aro maduku, izvo zvisingatombofananidzi kune avo vakafanana netsono), Algerian, yakajairika (omnivore, diki diki), eared. Pasinei nekufanana, hedgehogs yakasiyana, kusanganisira pakuonekwa.

8. Inenge tsono gumi pamhuka

Sezvineiwo, kune akawanda marudzi ehedgehogs munyika, uye iwo ese akasiyana zvakanyanya, saka zvakaoma kutaura kuti ingani mitsipa mhuka ine kazhinji. Yedu yeEurope, semuenzaniso, ine 6000-7000 tsono mumunhu mukuru uye kubva ku3000 mune wechidiki.

Zvinotendwa kuti sezvo hedgehog inokura, nhamba yetsono inowedzera. Asi izvi zvinoitika chete mukukura, ipapo nhamba yavo inodzikama uye tsono dzinovandudzwa nguva nenguva. Iyo yakawanda nhamba yetsono pahedgehog inosvika gumi.

Chokwadi chinofadza: dzimwe hedgehogs hadzina tsono zvachose, semuenzaniso, mune genus Gimnur kana makonzo akafanana. Panzvimbo yetsono, vanokura bvudzi, uye kunze vanotaridzika semakonzo.

7. Inogona kusvika pakumhanya kusvika ku3 m / s

Vashoma vanhu vanogona kufungidzira hedgehog ichimhanya pane imwe nzvimbo uye ichimhanyisa kusvika 3 m / s. Uye izvi zvinonzwisisika - hapana chikonzero chehedgehog, uye iwe haugone kuti wakamboona mhuka inokurumidza, asi mhuka haina kunonoka zvachose. Zviri nani kuti usakwikwidzane naye mujaho - iyo hedgehog haingokubata iwe chete, asi inogona zvakare kukubata iwe!

Asi izvi hazvisi zvinhu zvose zvemhuka inoshamisa - kana zvichidikanwa, inogona kushambira zvakakwana uye kunyange kusvetuka kusvika pakakwirira inenge 3 cm (iyo yekupedzisira yakaoma kufungidzira, inobvumirana).

6. omnivorous

The common hedgehog is an omnivore, hwaro hwekudya kwayo ihonye, ​​zvipembenene zvakura, slugs, mbeva, makonye, ​​etc. Mumamiriro ezvinhu echisikigo, mhuka haiwanzorwisa mhuka dzine vertebrates, kazhinji amphibians kana zvipembenene zvinokambaira zvinova vanyajambwa vehedgehogs.

Kubva pamiti, hedgehog inosarudza michero nemabriji (kazhinji pane mufananidzo wakadaro apo mhuka inokwevera apuro pamusana wayo. Kutaura zvazviri, hedgehogs inogona kutakura zviduku zvemichero nemabriji pamatsono avo, asi haikwanisi kusimudza apuro rose).

Hedgehogs akachengetwa muutapwa anofarira kudya nyama, chingwa, mazai. Kusiyana nekutenda kwakakurumbira, mukaka hausi chinwiwa chakanakisa chehedgehog.

5. Hibernates munguva yechando

Uye waifunga kuti mapere chete akazviita? Hedgehogs zvakare inorara, zvisinei, ivo havagadziri nzvimbo yeizvi. Kubva mumatsutso, idzi mhuka dzakanaka dziri kugadzirisa maitiro adzo neimwe nzira. Vanotanga kushingaira kutsvaga nzvimbo yechando.

Hedgehogs inofara kushandisa makomba ari musango, umo pasina munhu anozovhiringidza: makomba, mashizha, matavi akadzika-akadzika anova mhinduro yakanaka kwavari.

Hedgehogs zviri nyore kuona pasi pemirwi yemashizha ekare (somuenzaniso, munzvimbo yesango), munzvimbo huru kana mudzimba dzezhizha. Kazhinji hedgehogs hibernate nemhuri yose, asi iwe unogonawo kuwana wakarara wega - sekutonga, ava ndivo vaduku "bachelors".

4. Paradzai zvipembenene nemakonzo

Kana iwe ukacherechedza hedgehog muimba yako yezhizha, usaidzinga, nokuti ichava mubatsiri wakanakisisa kwauri mukurwisana netupukanana, pamwe nemakonzo.

Vamwe vanotsvaka kudzinga zvisikwa izvi zvakanaka, asi mumazuva mashomanana vanokwanisa kuparadza zvipembenene zvakadai seKhrushchev neMedvedka. Zvinogona kuva zvakaoma zvikuru kubata nezvipembenene izvi, nokuti. vanoshingaira usiku uye vanohwanda pasi pevhu masikati. Asi hedgehog imhuka yeusiku, uye zvipembenene izvi hazvikwanisi kutiza kubva mazviri.

Mukuwedzera, hedgehogs inofarira kudya michero yakawa kubva pamiti (izvi zviri nani kupfuura kuvasiya pasi kana kuirasa).

Kuti uwane ruzivo: panguva yekudyara, hedgehog inogona kukuvadza berry uye kudyara kwemiriwo, iyo inofanirwa kuverengerwa. Vanogona kudya sitirobheri kana kusiya zucchini yakarumwa.

3. Hedgehog yakakangwa - chikafu chekare chegypsy

Zviri nani kusvetukira pfungwa iyi nekuda kwezvinobatika ... Nekuti vazhinji vane tsitsi dzekubata mhuka - hedgehogs. Magypsies anoda kudya hedgehogs yakakangwa (dzimwe nguva yakabikwa). Uye, ndinofanira kutaura, iyi ndiyo yekutanga uye yega ndiro yenyika yePolish neBaltic Gypsies, yakabatana nehupenyu hurefu hwekumanikidzirwa mumasango panguva yekutambudzwa kweGypsies muEurope.

Mumabhuku eMedieval, hedgehogs dzaiwanzosangana: zvaitendwa kuti nyama yemhuka iyi inobatsira zvikuru. Kunyanya, matumbu akachekwa uye akaomeswa ehedgehog akakurudzirwa kuti ashandiswe nemaperembudzi semushonga wekunetseka kuita weti. Zano racho rakapiwa muEberhard-Metzger Cookbook.

2. Hedgehogs ane nzeve haawanzo kupeta.

Isu takajaira kuona mufananidzo wehedgehog ichikwidibira kuita bhora, asi havasi vese vanofarira kuita izvi. Semuyenzaniso, eared hedgehog, kunyangwe paine njodzi, inomonereka kuita bhora nekuzeza. Kana njodzi ikaswedera, anosarudza kutiza nemakumbo ake madiki (nenzira, anozviita nekukurumidza kupfuura vamwe vake), achiridza muridzo uye achibhowekana.

Rangarira kuti hedgehog inomonereka kuita bhora kuitira kuti pasave nemunhu anogona kubata dumbu rayo rakapfava (haina kudzivirirwa nechero chinhu uye ine ganda rakapfava). Kana hedgehog yakapeta, tsono dzayo dzinopararira kumativi ose. Apa ndipo panonzi “Iwe wakafanana nehedgehog inosunungura tsono dzayo”, zvichireva kuti munhu haavimbe nemunhu uye ari munzvimbo yekudzivirira kubva kunze kwenyika.

1. Kusiyana nekutenda kwakakurumbira, hedgehogs haipfeki chikafu nemaune.

Pamakarenda uye zvivharo zvemabhuku, hedgehog inotakura michero pamatsono ayo mufananidzo wakaisvonaka uye unozivikanwa kubva pauduku, asi mhuka dzinoita izvi zvisingawanzoitiki uye kwete nekuda kwavo. Vanozvibaya netsaona chikafu, asi vanokweva mashizha pavari mugomba rekurara, nekuti. hedgehogs imhuka dzinorara.

Ngano yekutakura chikafu nehedgehogs yakagadzirwa nemunyori wekare weRoma Pliny Mukuru.. Naive artists, pavakaverenga tenzi, vakabva vatanga kuratidza hedgehogs dzakaturikwa nemaapuro ane muto mumabasa avo. Uye takatorwa mwoyo zvekuti mifananidzo iyi inotitambudza kubva paudiki.